Maharaja Qianlong

Maharaja Qianlong 乾隆帝
Maharaja Qing China ke-6
Tempoh pemerintahan	8 Oktober 1735 – 9 Februari 1796 (&&&&&&&&&&&&&060.&&&&&060 tahun, &&&&&&&&&&&&0124.&&&&&0124 hari)
Didahului oleh	Maharaja Yongzheng
Diikuti oleh	Maharaja Jiaqing
Tempoh pemerintahan	8 Oktober 1735 – 7 Februari 1799 (&&&&&&&&&&&&&063.&&&&&063 tahun, &&&&&&&&&&&&0122.&&&&&0122 hari)
Maharani	Maharani Xiaoxianchun Ulanara, si Maharani Tiri Maharani Xiaoyichun
Imperial Noble Consort	Imperial Noble Consort Huixian Imperial Noble Consort Chunhui Imperial Noble Consort Qinggong Imperial Noble Consort Jiwen Imperial Noble Consort Shujia
antara lain... Putera-puteri
Yonghuang Yonglian Kurun Princess Hejing Yongzhang Yongcheng Yongqi Yongrong Heshuo Princess Hejia Yongcong Yongxuan Yongxing Yongqi Yongjing Kurun Princess Hejing Yonglu Heshuo Princess Heke Yongyan Yonglin Kurun Princess Hexiao
Nama penuh
Cina: Aixin-Jueluo Hongli 愛新覺羅弘曆 Manchu: Aisin-Gioro hala i Hung Li
Nama selepas mati
Maharaja Fatian Longyun Zhicheng Xianjue Tiyuan Liji Fuwen Fenwu Qinming Xiaoci Shensheng Chun 法天隆運至誠先覺體元立極敷文奮武欽明孝慈神聖純皇帝
Nama tempat ibadat
Qing Gaozong 清高宗
Ayahanda	Maharaja Yongzheng
Bonda	Maharani Xiaoshengxian
Pengebumian	Makam Qing Timur, Zunhua

Maharaja Qianlong (sebutan bahasa Mandarin: [tɕʰi̯ɛ̌n lu̯ə̌ŋ tɨ̂]) (Bahasa Cina: 乾隆帝; pinyin: Qiánlóngdì; Wade-Giles: Ch'ien-lung Ti; Mongolian: Тэнгэрийг Тэтгэгч хаан, Manchu: ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠸᡝᡥᡳᠶᡝᡥᡝ Abkai Wehiyehe hūwangdi, Tibetan: ཆན་ལུང་། lha skyong rgyal po, born Hongli (Bahasa Cina: 弘曆; bahasa Manchu: ᡥᡠᠩ ᠯᡳ  ;transliterasi Möllendorff: hung li), 25 September 1711 – 7 Februari 1799) adalah maharaja ke-6 dari dinasti Qing dan maharaja Qing ke-4 yang memerintah di tanah besar China. Beiau merupakan anak lelaki ke-4 bagi Maharaja Yongzheng, dan memerintah secara rasminya bermua pada 11 Oktober 1735 sehingga 8 Februari 1796. Pada 8 Februari, beiau telah turun dari takhta bagi memberi peluang kepada anak lelaki beliau , Maharaja Jiaqing – bagi memenuhi janji beliau bahawa beliau tidak akan memerintah lebih lama dari datuk beliau, Maharaja Kangxi. Meskipun telah bersara, beliau masih mengekalkan kuasa mutlak sehingga kematian beiau pada tahun 1799. Meskipun pada tahun-tahun awal pemerintahan beiau mewarisi kelangsungan era kekayaan di China, hari-hari terakhir beliau menyaksikan pebagai masalah yang melanda di tanahair dan Empayar Qing.

Lihat juga

• Jean Joseph Marie Amiot
• Giuseppe Castiglione
• Manwen Laodang
• Sistem Canton
• Xi Yang Lou
• Koridor Panjang
• Kuil Putuo Zongcheng
• Dinasti Qianlong

Rujukan

• Æneas Anderson, A Narrative of the British Embassy to China, in the Years 1792, 1793, and 1794; Containing the Various Circumstances of the Embassy, with Accounts of Customs and Manners of the Chinese (London: J. Debrett, 1795)
• van Braam Houckgeest, Andreas Everardus. (1797). Voyage de l'ambassade de la Compagnie des Indes Orientales hollandaises vers l'empereur de la Chine, dans les années 1794 et 1795. Philadelphia: M.L.E. Moreau de Saint-Méry.
• Van Braam Houckgeest, Andreas Everardus. (1798). An authentic account of the embassy of the Dutch East-India company, to the court of the emperor of China, in the years 1974 and 1795, Vol. I. London : R. Phillips. [digitized by University of Hong Kong Libraries, Digital Initiatives, "China Through Western Eyes." ]
• Chang, Michael (2007). A court on horseback: imperial touring & the construction of Qing rule, 1680–1785. Cambridge: Harvard University Asia Center.
• Clarke, Michael Edmund (2004).  "In the Eye of Power: China and Xinjiang from the Qing Conquest to the 'New Great Game' for Central Asia, 1759–2004." Doctoral thesis, Dept. of International Business & Asian Studies, Griffith University, Brisbane.
• Crossley, Pamela."A Translucent Mirror: History and Identity in Qing Imperial Ideology." 10-ISBN 0-520-23424-3; 13-ISBN 978-0-520-23424-6
• de Guignes, Chrétien-Louis-Joseph (1808). Voyage a Pékin, Manille et l'Ile de France. Paris.
• Dai, Yingcong (2004). "A Disguised Defeat: The Myanmar Campaign of the Qing Dynasty". Modern Asian Studies (Cambridge University Press).
• Guy, R. Kent (October 1987). The Emperor's Four Treasures. Harvard University Press. m/s. 167. ISBN 978-0-674-25115-1. http://books.google.com/books?id=bFA6a60_5LgC&pg=PA78&dq=The+Emperor%27s+Four+Treasuries:+Scholars+and+the+State+in+the+Late+Ch%27ien-lung+Era.&hl=zh-TW#PPA166,M1. 
• Hall, D.G.E. (1960). Burma (3rd edition ed.). Hutchinson University Library. ISBN 978-1406735031.
• Henss, Michael: The Qianlong Emperor as a Grand Lama. In: Asian Art Gallery, Nov. 1998.
• Perdue, Peter C. (2005).  China Marches West: The Qing Conquest of Central Eurasia. Cambridge, Mass.; London, England: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
• Robbins, Helen Henrietta Macartney (1908). Our First Ambassador to China: An Account of the Life of George, Earl of Macartney with Extracts from His Letters, and the Narrative of His Experiences in China, as Told by Himself, 1737–1806, from Hitherto Unpublished Correspondence and Documents. London : John Murray. [digitized by University of Hong Kong Libraries, Digital Initiatives, "China Through Western Eyes." ]
• Rockhill, William Woodville. "Diplomatic Missions to the Court of China: The Kotow Question I," The American Historical Review, Vol. 2, No. 3 (Apr., 1897), pp. 427–442.
• Rockhill, William Woodville. "Diplomatic Missions to the Court of China: The Kotow Question II," The American Historical Review, Vol. 2, No. 4 (Jul., 1897), pp. 627–643.

Maharaja Qianlong Kerabat Aisin-Gioro Tarikh lahir: 25 September 1711 Tarikh kemangkatan: 7 Februari 1799
Gelaran pemerintah
Didahului oleh Maharaja Yongzheng	Maharaja China 1735–1796	Diikuti oleh: Maharaja Jiaqing