Pendidikan di Portugal

Pendidikan di Portugal

Ministry of Education 1 Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education
Ministers	Isabel Alçada Mariano Gago
Belanjawan pendidikan negara (2006)
Belanjawan:	€6.1 billion
Perincian umum
Bahasa asas:	Portuguese
System Type:	Central
Origins University Schools Polytechnic Schools Industrial Institutes Polytechnical Institutes Major reorganizations Bologna process	12th century2 (established) 12903 (established) 1837 to 19114 1852 to 19745 1970s - 1980s6 (established) 1990s and 2000s7 20078 (established)
Celik huruf (2003)
Jumlah:	92.5
Lelaki:	95
Wanita:	90
Pendaftaran
Jumlah:	1,930,645
Rendah:	767,872
Menengah:	766,172
Selepas Menengah:	396,601
Pencapaian
Diploma menengah	15%
Diploma selepas menengah	9%
1The Ministry of Education covers all education levels except higher education. The Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education is responsible for higher education (university and polytechnic subsystems). 2The first medieval schools were catholic church related, including the first medieval university established in 1290. 3The first Portuguese university is established in Lisbon in 1290. It is today's University of Coimbra. 4Two Polytechnic Schools were originally created in 1837 in Lisbon and Porto, and were later merged into the Universities of Lisbon and Porto created in 1911. 5The Industrial Institutes were created in 1852. Discontinued the industrial vocational studies policy, they will gave bird to some of the older schools and institutes that compose today's Polytechnic Institutes. Some faculties of Lisbon's universities also originated from the original Instituto Industrial de Lisboa. 6The Polytechnic Institutes were created during the 1970s and 1980s as groups of new and existing institutes and schools. 7Several reforms and reorganizations of the overall educational system were performed, including changes on the polytechnics competences, introduction of new exams in basic and secondary schools, and extensive changes in the curricula of all levels of education. 8The Bologna process lead to a new wave of reforms and changes in education since the late 1990s onwards, specially in the universities and polytechnics.

Pendidikan di Portugal ditetapkan oleh Negara hingga dua jabatan - Kementerian Pendidikan, dan Jabatan Sains, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi. Ada suatu sistem [pendidikan [awam]] dan juga swasta sekolah banyak pada semua peringkat pendidikan. Yang pertama Portugis abad pertengahan universiti dicipta pada abad ke-13, dan sistem pendidikan nasional yang lebih tinggi sepenuhnya terintegrasi ke dalam Kawasan Pendidikan Tinggi Eropah. Kadar celik huruf dasar penduduk Portugis adalah 93%, namun keaksaraan fungsional adalah salah satu yang terendah di Eropah. Menurut sumber-sumber rasmi pada tahun 2007, 64% daripada penduduk tidak pernah membaca satu buku saja^{[petikan diperlukan]}; dalam komponen penduduk yang celik huruf fungsional, hanya 17,9% membaca lebih dari dua buku dalam satu tahun (data yang dikumpulkan oleh Marktest untuk TSF). Menurut Ine (Portugis Institut Statistik Kebangsaan), hanya 3,7 juta pekerja Portugis (67% daripada penduduk yang aktif bekerja) menyelesaikan pendidikan dasar (81% daripada penduduk yang bekerja attainned tahap yang lebih rendah dasar pendidikan dan 12% mencapai tahap menengah pendidikan). Menurut OECD 's Program for International Student Assessment, (PISA) 2009 Portugis rata-rata 15-tahun tua siswa, ketika dinilai dalam hal matematik keaksaraan membaca, dan pengetahuan ilmu, ditempatkan di tahap yang sama seperti yang pelajar dari Amerika Syarikat, Sweden, Jerman, Ireland, Perancis, Denmark, Inggeris, Hungary dan Taipei, dengan 489 mata (493 adalah rata-rata).

Sumber

• Education in Portugal - country-studies.com
• Euroeducation.net - Structure of Educational System in Portugal
• country-data.com Portugal - EDUCATION
• Funding higher education in Portugal: between State and market, Educ. Soc. vol.25 no.88 special, Campinas Oct. 2004
• Selected Statistics for Portugal, SOURCE: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Global Education Database
• NATIONAL REPORT ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE BOLOGNA PROCESS (AUGUST 2003)
• Engenharia do Séc.XX (Portuguese)
• JVCosta - Higher Education in Portugal (Portuguese)

Lihat juga

• Pendidikan tinggi di Portugal
• Senarai perguruan tinggi dan universiti di Portugal
• Portugal
• Penembakan di sekolah
• Keganasan di sekolah
• Senarai serangan sekolah-berkaitan
• Murid mengajar

Pautan luar

• Portuguese Ministry of Education
• Portuguese Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education