Daniel Defoe

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Daniel Defoe
LahirDaniel Foe
1659–1660
London, England
Meninggal dunia24 April 1731 (umur 70)
London, England
Tempat pengebumianBunhill Fields
PekerjaanPenulsi, wartawan, saudagar
GenreKembara
PasanganMary Tuffley

Daniel Defoe (/dᵻˈfoʊ/; kira-kira 1660 – 24 April 1731),[1] born Daniel Foe, merupakan seorang pedagang, penulis, wartawan, perisalah dan perisik Inggeris. Beliau paling terkenal kerana novelnya Robinson Crusoe, diterbitkan pada 1719, yang didakwa buku kedua paling banyak diterjemahkan selepas Alkitab.[2] Beliau dilihat sebagai salah satu penyokong terawal novel Inggeris, dan membantu mempopularkan bentuk ini di Britain dengan yang lain seperti Aphra Behn dan Samuel Richardson.[3] Defoe menulis banyak risalah politik dan selalu dalam masalah dengan pihak berkuasa, dan menghabiskan masa di penjara. Cendekiawan dan pemimpin politik memberi perhatian kepada idea baru dan kadangkala merujukinya.

Defoe merupakan seorang penulis yang prolifik dan serba boleh, menerbit lebih daripada tiga ratus karya works[4]—buku, risalah, dan jurnal—tentang berbagai-bagai perkara, termasuk politik, jenayah, agama, perkahwinan, psikologi, dan kuasa ghaib. Beliau juga pelopor kewartawanan perniagaan[5] dan kewartawanan ekonomi.[6]

Lihat juga[sunting | sunting sumber]

Rujukan[sunting | sunting sumber]

  1. ^ Menurut Paul Duguid di "Limits of self organization" Diarkibkan 15 Jun 2011 di Wayback Machine, First Monday (11 September 2006): "Kebanyakan sumber yang boleh dipercayai memegang bahawa tarikh kelahiran Defoe adalah tidak pasti dan mungkin jatuh pada 1659 atau 1661. Hari kematiannya juga tidak pasti."
  2. ^ Templat:Cite ODNB (Langganan diperlukan.)
  3. ^ "Defoe", The Oxford Companion to English Literature, ed. Margaret Drabble. (Oxford: Oxford University Press,1996), p. 265.
  4. ^ Backscheider (2008/2004). "Even the most conservative lists of Defoe's works include 318 titles, and most Defoe scholars would credit him with at least 50 more."
  5. ^ Margarett A. James, and Dorothy F. Tucker. "Daniel Defoe, Journalist." Business History Review 2.1 (1928): 2–6.
  6. ^ Adams, Gavin John (2012). Letters to John Law. Newton Page. m/s. liii–lv. ISBN 978-1-934619-08-7. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2014-01-02.

Bacaan lanjut[sunting | sunting sumber]

  • Backscheider, Paula R. Daniel Defoe: His Life (1989).
  • Backscheider, Paula R. Daniel Defoe: Ambition and Innovation (UP of Kentucky, 2015).
  • Baines, Paul. Daniel Defoe-Robinson Crusoe/Moll Flanders (Palgrave Macmillan, 2007).
  • Di Renzo, Anthony. "The complete English tradesman: Daniel Defoe and the emergence of business writing." Journal of technical writing and communication 28.4 (1998): 325–334.
  • Furbank, Philip Nicholas, and William Robert Owens. A political biography of Daniel Defoe (Routledge, 2015). online
  • Gollapudi, Aparna. "Personhood, Property Rights, and the Child in John Locke's Two Treatises of Government and Daniel Defoe's Fiction." Eighteenth-Century Fiction 28.1 (2015): 25–58.
  • Gregg, Stephen H. Defoe's Writings and Manliness: Contrary Men (Routledge, 2016).
  • Guilhamet, Leon. Defoe and the Whig Novel: A Reading of the Major Fiction (U of Delaware Press, 2010).
  • Hammond, John R. ed. A Defoe companion (Macmillan, 1993).
  • Marshall, Ashley. "Fabricating Defoes: From Anonymous Hack to Master of Fictions." Eighteenth-Century Life 36.2 (2012): 1–35. Historiography
  • Novak, Maximillian E. Daniel Defoe: Master of Fictions: His Life and Ideas (2001) excerpt
  • O'Brien, John. "The Character of Credit: Defoe's" Lady Credit," The Fortunate Mistress, and the Resources of Inconsistency in Early Eighteenth-Century Britain." ELH 63.3 (1996): 603–631. online
  • Novak, Maximillian E. Realism, myth, and history in Defoe's fiction (U of Nebraska Press, 1983).
  • Richetti, John. The Life of Daniel Defoe: A Critical Biography (2015).
  • Rogers, Pat (1971). "Defoe in the Fleet Prison". The Review of English Studies. 22 (88): 451–455. doi:10.1093/res/XXII.88.451. JSTOR 513276.
  • Sutherland, J.R. Defoe (Taylor & Francis, 1950), older scholarly biography. online

Sumber primer[sunting | sunting sumber]

  • Defoe, Daniel. The best of Defoe's Review: an anthology (Columbia UP, 1951).
  • W. R. Owens, and Philip Nicholas Furbank, eds. Political and economic writings of Daniel Defoe (Pickering & Chatto, 2000).

Pautan luar[sunting | sunting sumber]

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