Hidung Yahudi

Hidung Yahudi ialah stereotaip etnik dan kaum^[1] yang merujuk kepada hidung bengkok raksasa^[2] yang dikatakan sebagai ciri khas orang Yahudi Eropah.^[3]^[4] Meskipun hidung sebegini sebenarnya juga dapat ditemui pada orang Eropah dan tidak semua orang Yahudi memiliki hidung seperti ini,^[5]^[6]^[7] orang Yahudi terus menerus digambarkan seperti ini dalam pelbagai karikatur.

Sejarah[sunting | sunting sumber]

Pakar sejarah seni Sarah Lipton menilik kembali gambaran hidung raksasa Yahudi ke abad ke-13.^[8] Sebelumnya, orang Yahudi tidak digambarkan secara khusus dalam seni dan ikonografi. Namun, sejak akhir abad ke-13, realisme dalam bidang seni dan meningkatnya ketertarikan terhadap fisiognomi mendorong para seniman untuk menunjukkan ciri khas etnik. Untuk orang Yahudi, ciri khas yang diberikan ialah wajah yang naturalistik dengan hidung yang besar dan menonjol, sehingga wujudnya karikatur orang Yahudi berhidung besar.

Rujukan[sunting | sunting sumber]

^ Schrenk, Bernice (2007), "'Cutting Off Your Nose to Spite Your Race': Jewish Stereotypes, Media Images, Cultural Hybridity", Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies, 25 (4): 18, doi:10.1353/sho.2007.0121.
^ Patai, Raphael (1989), The Myth of the Jewish Race, Wayne University Press, m/s. 208, ISBN 978-0-8143-1948-2.
^ Preminger, Beth (2001), "The "Jewish Nose" and Plastic Surgery: Origins and Implications", Journal of the American Medical Association, 286 (17): 2161, doi:10.1001/jama.286.17.2161-JMS1107-5-1.
^ Jacobs, Joseph; Fishberg, Maurice (1906), "Nose", Jewish Encyclopedia.
^ Helmreich, William B (1982), The Things They Say Behind Your Back: Stereotypes and the Myths Behind Them, Transaction Publishers, m/s. 36–37, ISBN 978-1-4128-3933-4.
^ Holden, Harold Miller (1950), Noses, World Publishing Company, m/s. 69, A considerable study has been made on the 'Jewish' nose. It has been found that this nose is far less prevalent among Jews than popularly supposed. Furthermore, it is most prevalent among Jews when it is also prevalent among the general population, as among Mediterranean or Bavarian people.
^ Silbiger, Steve (2000), The Jewish Phenomenon: Seven Keys to the Enduring Wealth of a People, Longstreet Press, m/s. 13, ISBN 978-1-56352-566-7, Sociologists have shown that the 'Jewish nose' is no more common to Jews than to Mediterranean people.
^ Lipton, Sara (14 November 2014). "The Invention of the Jewish Nose". The New York Review of Books. Dicapai pada 2016-05-29.

[1] Schrenk, Bernice (2007), "'Cutting Off Your Nose to Spite Your Race': Jewish Stereotypes, Media Images, Cultural Hybridity", Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies, 25 (4): 18, doi:10.1353/sho.2007.0121.

[Patai-2] Patai, Raphael (1989), The Myth of the Jewish Race, Wayne University Press, m/s. 208, ISBN 978-0-8143-1948-2.

[prem-3] Preminger, Beth (2001), "The "Jewish Nose" and Plastic Surgery: Origins and Implications", Journal of the American Medical Association, 286 (17): 2161, doi:10.1001/jama.286.17.2161-JMS1107-5-1.

[JE-4] Jacobs, Joseph; Fishberg, Maurice (1906), "Nose", Jewish Encyclopedia.

[5] Helmreich, William B (1982), The Things They Say Behind Your Back: Stereotypes and the Myths Behind Them, Transaction Publishers, m/s. 36–37, ISBN 978-1-4128-3933-4.

[6] Holden, Harold Miller (1950), Noses, World Publishing Company, m/s. 69, A considerable study has been made on the 'Jewish' nose. It has been found that this nose is far less prevalent among Jews than popularly supposed. Furthermore, it is most prevalent among Jews when it is also prevalent among the general population, as among Mediterranean or Bavarian people.

[7] Silbiger, Steve (2000), The Jewish Phenomenon: Seven Keys to the Enduring Wealth of a People, Longstreet Press, m/s. 13, ISBN 978-1-56352-566-7, Sociologists have shown that the 'Jewish nose' is no more common to Jews than to Mediterranean people.

[Lipton-8] Lipton, Sara (14 November 2014). "The Invention of the Jewish Nose". The New York Review of Books. Dicapai pada 2016-05-29.

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