Kapal pendarat kereta kebal

Kapal pendarat kereta kebal (Landing Ship, Tank atau singkatan LST), adalah designasi tentera laut bagi kapal yang dibina semasa Perang Dunia II bagi menyokong operasi amfibia dengan membawa terus kereta kebal, kenderaan, kargo, dan pasukan pendaratan ke pantai dengan tanpa dok atau dermaga. Ia menyediakan serangan amfibia kepada semua pantai. Haluan LST mempunyai pintu besar yang akan terbuka bersama satah condong untuk memunggah turun kenderaan. LST mempunyai lunas datar yang khas untuk membolehkan kapal tersebut mendampar ke pantai dan kekal tegak. Bebaling berkembar dan kemudi mempunyai perlindungan bagi mengelakkannya daripada terkandas. Kapal LST berkhidmat di serata dunia semasa Perang Dunia II termasuk: Perang Pasifik dan Kancah Eropah.

Kapal pendarat kereta kebal pertama telah dibina untuk keperluan British dengan menukarkan kapal yang sedia ada; pihak UK dan AS kemudiannya bekerjasama dengan reka bentuk bersama. Lebih 1,000 buah LST di simpan di Amerika Syarikat semasa Perang Dunia II untuk digunakan oleh pihak Bersekutu. Lapan puluh lagi di bina di United Kingdom dan Kanada.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Rujukan[sunting | sunting sumber]

Nota

^ Colton, Tim (12 April 2008). "S-Type Special-Purpose Ships". Shipbuilding History.com. Dicapai pada 9 October 2017.
^ Gerhardt, Frank A. "Cost of War-Built Vessels, From Inception, From October 25, 1936 to June 30, 1946" (PDF). United States Maritime Commission 1936 Thru 1950. Dicapai pada 9 October 2017.
^ Budge, Kent G. "LST Class, Allied Landing Ships". The Pacific War Online Encyclopedia. Dicapai pada 9 October 2017.

Bibliografi

Lenton, H. T.; Colledge, J. J. (1968). British and Dominion Warships of World War II. Doubleday & Company.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Niedermair, John C. (November 1982). "As I Recall...Designing the LST". United States Naval Institute Proceedings. Cite journal requires |journal= (bantuan)CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Wyckoff, Don P., Colonel USMC (November 1982). "Let There Be Built Great Ships...". United States Naval Institute Proceedings. Cite journal requires |journal= (bantuan)CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
* Baker, R. (1983) [1947]. Selected Papers on British Warship Design in World War II – From the Transactions of the Royal Institute of Naval Architects. Conways Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-284-6.
Baker, R. (1947). "Ships of the Invasion Fleet". Proceedings of the Royal Institute of Naval Architects. 89: 59–72.
Brown, D. K. (2000). Nelson to Vanguard: Warship Design and Development 1923–1945. London: Chatham. ISBN 978-1-86176-136-1.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Brown, D. K, penyunting (1996). The Design and Construction of British Warships 1939–1945, The Official Record. Vol. 3: Amphibious Warfare Vessels and Auxiliaries. Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-675-2. |volume= has extra text (bantuan)
Carter, Geoffrey (2006). Crises Do Happen – The Royal Navy And Operation Musketeer, Suez 1956. Maritime Books. ISBN 978-1-90445-924-8.
Cowsill, Miles (1990). By Road Across The Sea – The History of Atlantic Steam Navigation Company. Ferry Publications. ISBN 1-871947-07-3.
Ladd, J. D. (1976). Assault From The Sea 1939–1945. David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153-6937-7.
Lenton, H. T. (1971) [1966]. Warships of the British and Commonwealth Navies (ed. 3rd). Ian Allan Publishing. ISBN 978-0-71100-260-9.
Lovering, Tristan (2005). Amphibious Assault, Manoeuvre from the Sea. Seafarer Books. ISBN 978-0-95502-435-1.
Macdermott, Brian (1992). Ships Without Names – The Story of The Royal Navy's Tank Landing Ships in World War Two. Arms & Armour. ISBN 1-85409-126-3.
Marriott, Leo (1985). Royal Navy Aircraft Carriers 1945–1990. Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-1561-9.
Rottman, Gordon L. (2005). Landing Ship Tank (LST) 1942–2002. New Vanguard No. 115. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84176-923-3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Speller, Ian (2001). The Role of Amphibious warfare in British Defence Policy, 1945–56. Cormorant Security Series. Palgrave. ISBN 0-333-80097-4.

Rencana ini merangkumi teks domain awam, Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships.

Pautan luar[sunting | sunting sumber]

HMS Misoa – Landing Ship Tank (LST)
Ship Tour LST325 in Evansville, Indiana
DANFS: Tank Landing Ships (LST)
NavSource Online: Tank Landing Ship (LST) Index
InsideLST.com – a selection of information on the construction, complement, &c of LSTs, mostly taken from LST-325
United States LST Association website
The American Amphibious Forces Association – information about later classes of LSTs
History of LSTs including description of LSTs in use as aircraft carriers etc.
The US LST Ship Memorial – A preserved and operational LST from World War II – LST 325
LST Story Film: the building and launch of Tank Landing Ship Coconino County (LST-603) during World War II.

[1] Colton, Tim (12 April 2008). "S-Type Special-Purpose Ships". Shipbuilding History.com. Dicapai pada 9 October 2017.

[2] Gerhardt, Frank A. "Cost of War-Built Vessels, From Inception, From October 25, 1936 to June 30, 1946" (PDF). United States Maritime Commission 1936 Thru 1950. Dicapai pada 9 October 2017.

[3] Budge, Kent G. "LST Class, Allied Landing Ships". The Pacific War Online Encyclopedia. Dicapai pada 9 October 2017.

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