Kelahiran Jesus
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Adoration of the Shepherds oleh pelukisBelanda Matthias Stomer, 1632
Kelahiran Jesus (Bahasa Inggeris: nativity of Jesus), kelahiran Kristus, keputeraan Kristus atau keputeraan Jesus digambarkan dalam Injil Alkitab Lukas dan Matius. Dua kisah ini setuju bahawa Jesus dilahirkan di Bethlehem di Judea, bondanya Maria berkahwin dengan seorang lelaki bernama Yusuf, dari keturunan Raja Daud dan bukanlah bapa kandungnya, dan kelahirannya disebabkan campur tangan Tuhan.[1][2]
Kelahiran ini menjadi asas untuk cuti Kristian Krismas pada 25 Disember, dan memainkan peranan besar dalam perayaan liturgi Kristian. Ramai penganut Kristian mengikut tradisi mempamerkan babak palung kecil menggambarkan kelahiran di rumah mereka, atau menghadiri Lakon Natal atau pertunjukan Krismas menumpukan kitaran kelahiran dalam Alkitab (Bible). Pameran kelahiran berhias dipanggil "babak creche", menonjolkan patung saiz sebenar, merupakan traidisi di banyak negara benua Eropah semasa musim Krismas.
Jemaah Kristian dari tradisi Barat (termasuk Gereja Katolik, Ortodoks Upacara Barat, Golongan Anglikan, dan banyak Protestan yang lain, seperti Gereja Moravia) mula meraikan musim Adven empat Ahad sebelum Krismas. Penganut Kristian Gereja Ortodoks Timur dan Gereja Ortodoks Oriental meraikan musim yang serupa, kadangkala dipanggil Advent tetapi juga dipanggil "Puasa Natal", yang bermula empat puluh hari sebelum Krismas. Beberapa penganut Kristian Ortodoks Timur (cth. orang Greek dan Syria) menyambut Krismas pada 25 Disember. Ortodoks lain (cth. orang Qibti, Habsyah, Georgia, and Rusia) menyambut Krismas pada (Gregory) 7 Januari (Koiak 29 dalam takwim Qibti)[3] akibat gereja mereka terus mengikuti takwim Julius, daripada takwim Gregory zaman moden.[4]
Gambaran seni kelahiran telah menjadi tema yang penting bagi peseni Kristian sejak abad ke-4. Gambaran seni babak kelahiran sejak abad ke-13 menitikberatkan sifat rendah hati Jesus dan menggalakkan imejnya yang lebih lembut, perubahan besar dari imej awal "Tuan dan Guru", mencerminkan perubahan dalam pendekatan biasa yang diambil oleh kementerian gembala Kristian semasa zaman yang sama.[5][6][7]
Lihat juga[sunting | sunting sumber]
- Jesus dalam Kristian
- Riwayat Jesus dalam Wasiat Baru
- Seni Maria Roman Katolik
- Kelahiran Maria
- Kelahiran Yohanes Pembaptis
Rujukan[sunting | sunting sumber]
Petikan[sunting | sunting sumber]
- ^ Isaak 2011, m/s. 144.
- ^ Robinson 2009, m/s. 111.
- ^ "29 كيهك - اليوم التاسع والعشرين من شهر كيهك - السنكسار". st-takla.org.
- ^ "Orthodox Christmas Day in the United States". www.timeanddate.com.
- ^ Ralat petik: Tag
<ref>tidak sah; teks bagi rujukanBrooketidak disediakan - ^ Ralat petik: Tag
<ref>tidak sah; teks bagi rujukanRaabtidak disediakan - ^ Ralat petik: Tag
<ref>tidak sah; teks bagi rujukanGFingertidak disediakan
Bibliografi[sunting | sunting sumber]
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- Aune, David E., penyunting (2001). The Gospel of Matthew in current study. Eerdmans. ISBN 978-0-8028-4673-0.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
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- Ehrman, Bart D. (1999). Jesus: Apocalyptic Prophet of the New Millennium. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199839438.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Ehrman, Bart D. (2005). Lost Christianities: The Battles for Scripture and the Faiths We Never Knew. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195182491.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
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- Hagner, D.A. (1986). "Matthew, Gospel According to". Dalam Bromiley, Geoffrey W. (penyunting). International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Vol. 3: K-P. Wm. B. Eerdmans. m/s. 280–8. ISBN 978-0-8028-8163-2.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
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- Levine, Amy-Jill (2001). "Visions of kingdoms: From Pompey to the first Jewish revolt". Dalam Coogan, Michael D. (penyunting). The Oxford History of the Biblical World. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-513937-2.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Levison, J.; Pope-Levison, P. (2009). "Christology". Dalam Dyrness, William A.; Kärkkäinen, Veli-Matti (penyunting). Global Dictionary of Theology. InterVarsity Press. ISBN 9780830878116.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
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- Luz, Ulrich (2005). Studies in Matthew. Eerdmans. ISBN 978-0-8028-3964-0.
- Luz, Ulrich (1995). The Theology of the Gospel of Matthew. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43576-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
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- Berghorn, Matthias, Die Genesis Jesu Christi aber war so .... Die Herkunft Jesu Christi nah dem matthäischen Prolog (Mt 1,1-4,16), Göttingen 2019.
- Brown, Raymond E. The Birth of the Messiah: A Commentary on the Infancy Narratives in Matthew and Luke. London: G. Chapman, 1977.
- Calkins, Robert G. Illuminated Books of the Middle Ages. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1983.
- Carter, Warren. Matthew and Empire. Harrisburg: Trinity Press International, 2001.
- France, R.T. The Gospel According to Matthew: an Introduction and Commentary. Leicester: Inter-Varsity, 1985.
- Ghose, Tia (December 22, 2014). "A Christmas Tale: How Much of the Nativity Story is True?". LiveScience. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2016-03-03. Dicapai pada 2019-12-25.
- Gundry, Robert H. Matthew a Commentary on his Literary and Theological Art. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1982.
- Gundry, Robert H. "Salvation in Matthew." Society of Biblical Literature – 2000 Seminar Papers. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2000.
- Hill, David. The Gospel of Matthew. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1981
- Jones, Alexander. The Gospel According to St. Matthew. London: Geoffrey Chapman, 1965.
- Levine, Amy-Jill. "Matthew." Women's Bible Commentary. Carol A. Newsom and Sharon H. Ringe, eds. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 1998.
- Schaberg, Jane. Illegitimacy of Jesus: A Feminist Theological Interpretation of the Infancy Narratives (Biblical Seminar Series, No 28) Sheffield Academic Press (March 1995) ISBN 1-85075-533-7
- Schweizer, Eduard. The Good News According to Matthew. Atlanta: John Knox Press, 1975
- Vermes, Géza The Nativity: History and Legend. Penguin (2006) ISBN 0-14-102446-1
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