Robert Boyle: Perbezaan antara semakan
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* 1690 – The Christian Virtuoso |
* 1690 – The Christian Virtuoso |
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==Lihat juga== |
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*[[Ambrose Godfrey]], phosphorus |
*[[Ambrose Godfrey]], penghasil phosphorus yang bermula sebagai pembantu Boyle |
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*[[Penghadaman anaerobik]], bahagian sejarah |
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*''An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump'', lukisan mengenai salah satu uji kaji Boyle |
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*[[suhu Boyle]], kuantiti thermodynamik dinamakan sempena Boyle |
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*[[Istana Lismore]] |
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*[[Kimia pneumatik]] |
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*[[List of people on stamps of Ireland]] |
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*[[Garismasa teknologi hidrogen]] |
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*[[Pneumatic chemistry]] |
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*[[Timeline of hydrogen technologies]] |
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*[[Bloodhound]] |
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*[[List of Irish people]] |
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==Rujukan== |
==Rujukan== |
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Semakan pada 11:37, 4 Februari 2010
Robert Boyle | |
|---|---|
 Robert Boyle (1627–1691) | |
| Kelahiran | 25 Januari 1627 County Waterford, Ireland |
| Meninggal dunia | 30 Disember 1691 (aged 64) London, England |
| Terkenal kerana | Kajian ciri-ciri fizikal gas Kajian mengenai konsep unsur kimia |
| Kerjaya saintifik | |
| Bidang | Fizik, Kimia |
| Dipengaruhi oleh | Robert Hooke |
Robert Boyle (25 Januari 1627 – 30 Disember 1691) merupakan ahli falsafah semulajadi, ahli kimia, fizik, pencipta, dan pakar sains budiman, juga dikenali bagi penulisannya dalam theologi. Dia paling dikenali bagi mencipta formula bagi hukum Boyle.[2] Sungguhpun kajian dan falsafah peribadinya jelas menunjukkan asasnya dalam tradisi alkhemikal, pada masa kini dia dianggap ahli kimia moden pertama, dan dengan itu salah seorang pengasas kimia moden. Antara karyanya, The Sceptical Chymist dilihat sebagai buku batu asas dalam bidang kimia.
Tahun-tahun awal
Boyle dilahirkan di Istana Lismore, di County Waterford, Ireland, anak lelaki ketujuh dan anak ke empat belas kepada Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork. Richard Boyle tiba di Ireland pada tahun 1588 sebagai seorang usahawan ("entrepreneur"), dan mengumpul sejumlah besar hak milik tanah ketika Robert dilahirkan. Ketika masih kanak-kanak, Robert belajar bertutur Latin, Greek dan Perancis. Dia belumpun berusia lapan tahun apabila, selepas kematian ibunya, dia dihantar ke Kolej Eton di England, di mana rakan bapanya, Sir Henry Wotton, ketika itu Provost pendidikan. Selepas tinggal lebih tiga tahun di Eton, Robert mengembara di luar negara bersama pengajar Perancis. Mereka melawat Itali pada tahun 1641, dan tinggal di Florence semasa musim sejuk tahun tersebut, belajar "paradox pengkaji bintang agung" Galileo Galilei — Galileo sudahpun tua, tetapi masih hidup di Florence pada in 1641. Kematian Galileo mempengaruhi Boyle untuk belajar astronomi dan mekhanik.
Tahun pertengahan
Personaliti
Boyle adalah tinggi, kurus dan penampilan pucat. Tubuhnya tidak sasa, dan sepanjang hiyatnya dia menderita kesihatan yang lemah dan semangat rendah. Sungguhpun hasil kerja saintifiknya menjamin reputasi luar biasa di kalangan semasanya, perwatakan peribadi dan kebaikannya, sifat sosialnya yang menarik, sifat lucu dan daya perbualannya, menarikkan dirinya pada khayalak besar sahabat rapat. Dia tidak pernah berkahwin. Penulisannya amat banyak, dan stailenya adalah jelas dan terus pada matlamatnya, sungguhpun tidak dapat disangkal banyak perkataan.[3]
Kerja pentingnya
Berikut merupakan sebahagian hasil kerjanya yang penting:
- 1660 – New Experiments Physico-Mechanical: Touching the Spring of the Air and their Effects
- 1661 - The Sceptical Chymist
- 1663 – Considerations touching the Usefulness of Experimental Natural Philosophy (followed by a second part in 1671)
- 1664 – Experiments and Considerations Touching Colours, with Observations on a Diamond that Shines in the Dark
- 1665 – New Experiments and Observations upon Cold
- 1666 – Hydrostatical Paradoxes
- 1666 – Origin of Forms and Qualities according to the Corpuscular Philosophy
- 1669 – a continuation of his work on the spring of air
- 1670 – demonstrated that a reduction in ambient pressure could lead to bubble formation in living tissue. This description of a viper in a vacuum was the first recorded description of decompression sickness.[5]
- 1670 – tracts about the Cosmical Qualities of Things, the Temperature of the Subterraneal and Submarine Regions, the Bottom of the Sea, &c. with an Introduction to the History of Particular Qualities
- 1672 – Origin and Virtues of Gems
- 1673 – Essays of the Strange Subtilty, Great Efficacy, Determinate Nature of Effluviums
- 1674 – two volumes of tracts on the Saltiness of the Sea, Suspicions about the Hidden Realities of the Air, Cold, Celestial Magnets, Animadversions on Hobbes's Problemata de Vacuo
- 1676 – Experiments and Notes about the Mechanical Origin or Production of Particular Qualities, including some notes on electricity and magnetism
- 1678 – Observations upon an artificial Substance that Shines without any Preceding Illustration
- 1680 – the Aerial Noctiluca
- 1682 – New Experiments and Observations upon the Icy Noctiluca
- 1682 – a further continuation of his work on the air
- 1684 – Memoirs for the Natural History of the Human Blood
- 1685 – Short Memoirs for the Natural Experimental History of Mineral Waters
- 1686 – A Free Enquiry into the Vulgarly Received Notion of Nature
- 1690 – Medicina Hydrostatica
- 1691 – Experimentae et Observationes Physicae
Antara penulisan keagamaan dan falsafahnya adalah:
- 1648/1660 – Seraphic Love, ditulis pada 1648, tetapi tidak diterbitkan sehingga 1660
- 1663 – Essay mengenai Stail Holy Scriptures
- 1664 – Excellence of Theology compared with Natural Philosophy
- 1665 – Occasional Reflections upon Several Subjects, yang diperbodohkan oleh Swift dalam A Meditation Upon a Broom-Stick, dan oleh Butler dalam An Occasional Reflection on Dr Charlton's Feeling a Dog's Pulse di Kolej Gresham
- 1675 – Some Considerations about the Reconcileableness of Reason and Religion, with a Discourse about the Possibility of the Resurrection
- 1687 – The Martyrdom of Theodora And Didymus
- 1690 – The Christian Virtuoso
Lihat juga
- Ambrose Godfrey, penghasil phosphorus yang bermula sebagai pembantu Boyle
- Penghadaman anaerobik, bahagian sejarah
- An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump, lukisan mengenai salah satu uji kaji Boyle
- suhu Boyle, kuantiti thermodynamik dinamakan sempena Boyle
- Istana Lismore
- Kimia pneumatik
- Garismasa teknologi hidrogen
Rujukan
- ^ Deem, Rich (2005). "The Religious Affiliation of Robert Boyle the father of modern chemistry. From: Famous Scientists Who Believed in God". adherents.com. Dicapai pada 2009-04-17.
- ^ Acott, Chris (1999). "The diving "Law-ers": A brief resume of their lives". South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society journal. 29 (1). ISSN 0813-1988. OCLC 16986801. Dicapai pada 2009-04-17.
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)
- ^ Arthur W. J. G. Ord-Hume (2006). Perpetual Motion: The History of an Obsession. Adventures Unlimited Press. ISBN 1931882517.
- ^ Acott, C. (1999). "A brief history of diving and decompression illness". South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society journal. 29 (2). ISSN 0813-1988. OCLC 16986801. Dicapai pada 2009-04-17.
Bacaan lanjut
- Stephen Shapin and Simon Schaffer, Leviathan and the Air-Pump.
- Lawrence Principe, The Aspiring Adept: Robert Boyle and His Alchemical Quest
- John F Fulton, A Bibliography of the Honourable Robert Boyle, Fellow of the Royal Society. Second edition. Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, 1961.
Hasil kerja Boyle di talian
- The Sceptical Chymist: Project Gutenberg
- Essay on the Virtue of Gems Gem and Diamond Foundation
- Experiments Touching Colours: Gem and Diamond Foundation, Project Gutenberg
- Boyle Papers University of London
Pautan luar
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Wikimedia Commons mempunyai media berkaitan: Robert Boyle. |
- "Robert Boyle" article by J. J. MacIntosh and Peter Anstey in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
- John J. O'Connor dan Edmund F. Robertson. Robert Boyle di Arkib Sejarah Matematik MacTutor.
- Robert Boyle and Robert Hooke
- Robert Boyle Project, Birkbeck, University of London
- The Boyle's Educational Foundation
- Summary juxtaposition of Boyle's The Sceptical Chymist and his The Christian Virtuoso
- The Relationship between Science and Scripture in the Thought of Robert Boyle
- Robert Boyle and His Alchemical Quest : Including Boyle's "Lost" Dialogue on the Transmutation of Metals, Princeton University Press, 1998, ISBN 0691050821