Raja mutlak: Perbezaan antara semakan
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== Sejarah dan teori yang berkaitan == |
== Sejarah dan teori yang berkaitan == |
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=== Hak Ketuhanan Raja === |
=== Hak Ketuhanan Raja === |
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Teori monarki mutlak mula berkembang pada akhir Zaman Pertengahan bermula dari feudalisme di mana raja masih dianggap first among equals di kalangan golongan [[bangsawan]]. Early Absolutists advocated the theory of Divine Right of Kings to justify their position. In the 16th century, monarchs took advantage of the clergy's weakness during the Reformation to impose their will. They declared to have the ability to decide the religion of their subjects. Henry VIII of England seized the property of the Catholic church while France claimed "Gallican liberties". These new monarchs claimed to be responsible solely to God. They attempted to eliminate or marginalize customs, institutions, and laws that held their predecessors in check. They believed that God gave them the right to supreme rule and sovereignty over their land. Those that claimed to have the divine right of kings often ruled in an unfair and egotistical manner, much like a modern dictator, and many were overthrown. One of the most famous examples of a monarch claiming his divine right to rule was Louis XIV of France. |
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=== Teori Hobbes mengenai Kedaulatan Raja === |
=== Teori Hobbes mengenai Kedaulatan Raja === |
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=== Enlightened despotism === |
=== Enlightened despotism === |
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== Senarai Negara-Negara Monarki Mutlak == |
== Senarai Negara-Negara Monarki Mutlak == |
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Semakan pada 03:24, 10 Jun 2010
| Sebahagian dari siri politik mengenai |
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Monarki Mutlak merupakan bentuk kerajaan yang unggul, di mana seseorang Raja itu mempunyai kuasa penuh untuk memerintah negaranya. Berbeza dengan sistem raja berperlembagaan dimana Perdana Menteri merupakan ketua eksekutif negara, jawatan ini memainkan peranan kurang penting di dalam kerajaan monarki mutlak. Malah di sesetengah negara seperti Arab Saudi dan Brunei, raja juga akan memegang jawatan Perdana Menteri.
Sejarah dan teori yang berkaitan
Hak Ketuhanan Raja
Teori monarki mutlak mula berkembang pada akhir Zaman Pertengahan bermula dari feudalisme di mana raja masih dianggap first among equals di kalangan golongan bangsawan. Early Absolutists advocated the theory of Divine Right of Kings to justify their position. In the 16th century, monarchs took advantage of the clergy's weakness during the Reformation to impose their will. They declared to have the ability to decide the religion of their subjects. Henry VIII of England seized the property of the Catholic church while France claimed "Gallican liberties". These new monarchs claimed to be responsible solely to God. They attempted to eliminate or marginalize customs, institutions, and laws that held their predecessors in check. They believed that God gave them the right to supreme rule and sovereignty over their land. Those that claimed to have the divine right of kings often ruled in an unfair and egotistical manner, much like a modern dictator, and many were overthrown. One of the most famous examples of a monarch claiming his divine right to rule was Louis XIV of France.
Teori Hobbes mengenai Kedaulatan Raja
Enlightened despotism
Senarai Negara-Negara Monarki Mutlak
Dalam zaman moden, ini hanya terdapat enam negara di bawah monarki mutlak iaitu:
- Arab Saudi (Raja Abdullah ibn ’Abd al ’Aziz Al Sa’ud)
- Bhutan (Raja Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck)
- Brunei (Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzadin Waddaulah )
- Oman (Raja Qaboos bin Said Al Said)
- Swaziland (Raja Mswati III)
- Vatican City (Paus Benedict XVI). Monarki di Vatican City agak unik sebab rajanya dipilih dan bukan berlandaskan Sistem Perwarisan seperi monarki mutlak yang lain.
Di Jordan dan Maghribi, rajanya mempunyai banyak kuasa tetapi tidak boleh dianggap sebagai monarki yang mutlak. Manakala di Liechtenstein, hampir dua-pertiga penduduknya yang berhak mengundi telah memberikan kuasa pembatal (veto) kepada ketua negaranya Putera Hans-Adam II.