Pembasmian kaum

Pembasmian Kaum (bahasa inggeris: Genocide)ialah satu bentuk jenayah yang bertujuan untuk menghapuskan kewujudan sesuatu suku-kaum manusia. Pada lazimnya tema ini merujuk kepada tindakan pembasmian suku-kaum tertentu yang terancang dan berorganisasi.

Tindakan seperti di bawah boleh dianggap sebagai jenayah pembasmian kaum:

• Membunuh anggota suku-kaum berkenaan.
• Mencederakan anggota suku-kaum berkenaan dari segi jasmaniah dan batiniah.
• Merosakkan ruang kehidupan suku-kaum yang berkenaan dengan tujuan memusnahkan sebahagian ataupun keseluruhan suku kaum berkenaan.
• Menghalang angota suku-kaum yang berkenaan untuk menurunkan zuriat.
• Secara keras, memindahkan kanak-kanak kumpulan berkenaan kepada kumpulan yang asing.

Pembasmian Kaum ditakrifkan satu bentuk jenayah di bawah undang-undang antarabangsa yang berjudul Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide

Peringkat Pembentukan Pembasmian Kaum

Stage	Characteristics	Preventive measures
1. Classification	People are divided into "us and them".	"The main preventive measure at this early stage is to develop universalistic institutions that transcend... divisions."
2. Symbolization	"When combined with hatred, symbols may be forced upon unwilling members of pariah groups..."	"To combat symbolization, hate symbols can be legally forbidden… as can hate speech".
3. Dehumanization	"Dehumanization overcomes the normal human revulsion against murder."	"Hate propaganda should be banned, hate crimes and atrocities should be promptly punished."
4. Organization	"Genocide is always organized... Special army units or militias are often trained and armed..."	"To combat this stage, membership in these militias should be outlawed."
5. Polarization	"Hate groups broadcast polarizing propaganda..."	"Prevention may mean security protection for moderate leaders or assistance to human rights groups..."
6. Identification	"Victims are identified and separated out because of their ethnic or religious identity..."	"At this stage, a Genocide Alert must be called..."
7. Extermination	"It is "extermination" to the killers because they do not believe their victims to be fully human."	"At this stage, only rapid and overwhelming armed intervention can stop genocide. Real safe areas or refugee escape corridors should be established with heavily armed international protection."
8. Denial	"The perpetrators... deny that they committed any crimes..."	"The response to denial is punishment by an international tribunal or national courts."