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{{Infobox Town DE|
name = Dortmund|
name_local = |
image_coa = Coat of arms of Dortmund.svg|
size1 = 200px|
image_map = Lage der Stadt Dortmund in Deutschland.png|
state = [[North Rhine-Westphalia]]|
regbzk = [[Arnsberg (region)|Arnsberg]]|
district = [[List of German urban districts|urban district]]|
population = 587,830|
population_as_of = 2005|
population_ref = [http://www.lds.nrw.de/statistik/datenangebot/amtlichebevoelkerungszahlen/rp9_juni05.html source]|
pop_dens = 2,097|
area = 280.3|
elevation = 50-254|
lat_deg = 51|
lat_min = 31|
lat_hem = N|
lon_deg = 7|
lon_min = 28|
lon_hem = E|
postal_code = 44001–44388 |
area_code = 0231, 02304(in [[Schwerte]])|
licence = DO|
mayor = Gerhard Langemeyer ([[SPD]])|
website = [http://www.dortmund.de/ dortmund.de]|
}}
'''Dortmund''' merupakan sebuah [[bandaraya]] di [[Jerman]], terletak dalam [[States of Germany|Bundesland]] di [[North Rhine-Westphalia]], dalam [[Ruhr are]]. Population: 587,830 ([[20 June]] [[2005]]). [[Sungai Ruhr]] mengalir ke selatan bandaraya itu, dan sungai [[Emscher]] mengalir melalui kawasan perbandaran. [[Terusan Dortmund-Ems]] juga berakhir di [[Pelabuhan Dortmund]], yang merupakan terusan terbesar di Jerman, dan menyambungkan Dortmund ke[[Laut Utara]].

{{terjemah}}

Dortmund is known as Westphalia's "green metropolis". Nearly half the municipal territory consists of waterways, woodland, agriculture and green spaces with spacious parks such as Westfalenpark and the Rombergpark. Historically seen, after nearly a hundred years of extensive coal mining, coking, and steel milling within the city limits, this is quite a contrast.

The Christmas market (Weihnachtsmarkt) is one of the largest in Germany, and is host to the largest "christmas tree" in the world, formed by stacking hundreds of trees into the shape of a pyramid.

== Sports ==
[[Image: Suedtribuene.jpg|thumb|Westfalenstadion/ Signal- Iduna- Park]]
Dortmund is home of the sport club [[Borussia Dortmund]] which won the [[UEFA Champions League]] and the [[Intercontinental Cup]] in 1997, as well as the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup against Liverpool (2:1 after extra-time in Hampden Park, Glasgow) in 1966. This made it to the first European Cup Winner in Germany. They play at [[Signal Iduna Park]], formerly known as the Westfalenstadion. It was built for the 1974 FIFA World Cup and some matches of 2006 FIFA World Cup will take place, including a semi-final. It is Germany's largest football stadium with a capacity of 82,932 spectators.

Borussia Dortmund has also a women's handball team playing in the first [[Bundesliga]] and a [[Table tennis]] team playing in the second.

Dortmund is the Olympiastützpunkt Northrhine-Westphalia.

Since 1982 the Sparkassen Chess-Meeting has taken place in Dortmund.

== Traffic ==
[[Image:Dortmund_City.jpg|thumb|Dortmund City]]
[[Dortmund Airport]] is a medium-sized, but quickly growing airport 13 km east of the city centre at the city limit to [[Holzwickede]].

The central train station (Hauptbahnhof) is the third largest long distance traffic junction in Germany.

Dortmund Harbour (Hafen) is the largest canal harbour in Europe; almost as large as the one in [[Duisburg]], the world's largest inland port.

Dortmund also serves as a major European and German crossroads for the Autobahnsystem. The [[Bundesautobahn 40|Ruhrschnellweg]] follows old Hanseatic trade routes to connect the city with the other metropolises of the [[Ruhr Area]]. Connections to the more distant parts of Germany are maintained by the [[Bundesautobahn 1|A1]] and the [[Bundesautobahn 2|A2]] which pass closely to the north and east of the city and cross each other at the [[Kamener Kreuz]] interchange northeast of Dortmund. For public transportation, the city has an extensive [[Stadtbahn]], streetcar and bus system. An additional light rail line is currently under construction in the city centre.

The [[H-Bahn]] at [[Dortmund University]] is a unique hanging monorail built specifically to shuttle passengers across the university's campus, which is now also flanked by research laboratories and other high-tech corporations.

== History ==
[[Image:View of the Town of Dortmund in the Sixteenth Century From an Engraving on Copper in P Bertius Theatrum Geographicum.png|right|thumb|View of the Town of Dortmund in the Sixteenth Century.--From an Engraving on Copper in P. Bertius's "Theatrum Geographicum."]]
The [[history]] of Dortmund goes back as far as [[880]] AD, when the city was first mentioned in official documents as ''Throtmanni''. It was a small village at that time. In [[1152]] the emperor [[Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor|Barbarossa]] came to the region and rebuilt the town, which had been destroyed in a fire shortly before. For two years Dortmund was the residence of Barbarossa — a short time, but afterwards it grew to become one of the most powerful towns of the empire. In the 13th century Dortmund joined the [[Hanseatic League]]. In [[1220]], it attained the status of an [[Imperial Free City]], i.e. it was directly subordinated to the emperor. After 1320, the wealthy trading city started to appear in writing as "Dorpmunde". The etymology of the name is uncertain.

Dortmund lost its status as an Imperial Free City in 1803. It was incorporated into [[Prussia]] after the [[Napoleonic Wars]] and became a major center for coal, steel, and [[Dortmund (beer)|beer]].

During the rule of the [[Third Reich]], Dortmund was home to the [[Aplerbeck Hospital]] that "took care" of mentally and/or physically disabled persons. Located in the heart of the [[Ruhr Area]] (Ruhrgebiet), Dortmund, along with neighbouring cities, was a target of allied bombing raids. During [[World War II]] about two-thirds of homes in Dortmund were destroyed.

Today the city is a center for hi-tech industry. It is also one of the greenest cities in Westphalia, with extensive parks and gardens laid out in the reconstruction period after the World War II. Additionally, the [[Dortmund chess tournament]], one of the strongest in the world, is held there annually.

== Buildings ==
*[[Florianturm]] (TV Tower Dortmund): One of the first TV towers built in Germany has a [[revolving restaurant]] — one of the first in the world. Used to offer the adventerous an opportunity to bungee jump from a height of nearly 140m. This however was discontinued after a tragic accident which resulted in a fatality.
*[[Signal Iduna Park]]: Soccer Ground of [[Borussia Dortmund]], formerly known as the Westfalenstadion. Close to it is the [[Westfalenhalle]], a large convention center, the site of several major conventions, trade fairs, ice-skating competitions, and other major events since the 1950s.

==Sister Cities Affiliations==
{|
| valign="top" |
* {{flagicon|France}} - [[Amiens]], [[France]], ([[1960]])
* {{flagicon|UK}} - [[Leeds]], [[United Kingdom]], ([[1969]])
* {{flagicon|Russia}} - [[Rostov-on-Don]], [[Russia]], ([[1978]])
* {{flagicon|USA}} - [[Buffalo, New York|Buffalo]] ([[New York]]), [[United States]], ([[1977]])
| valign="top" |
* {{flagicon|Israel}} - [[Netanya]], [[Israel]], ([[1981]])
* {{flagicon|Serbia}} - [[Novi Sad]], [[Serbia]], ([[1982]])
* {{flagicon|People's Republic of China}} - [[Xi'an]], [[People's Republic of China]], ([[1992]])
|}

==See also==
[[Dortmunder Export]]

==External links==
{{Commons|Dortmund}}
*[http://www.dortmund.de/ Dortmund city website]
*[http://www.hoeckmann.de/germany/ruhr-area.htm Map of Dortmund and the Ruhr-Area in 1789]
* [http://www.inyourpocket.com/germany/dortmund/en/ Dortmund In Your Pocket] City Guide (also a [http://www.inyourpocket.com/instant/ruhrgebiet-iyp-full-guide.pdf downloadable PDF guide])
<!-- advertisement? *[http://www.eutropia.com/fotos/fotos-967.html Photos of Dortmund] -->

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[[Category:Cities in North Rhine-Westphalia]]
[[Category:Dortmund]]

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Semakan pada 13:33, 30 April 2007

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