Francis Crick

Francis Harry Compton Crick OM FRS (8 Jun 1916-28 Julai 2004) ialah seorang ahli biologi molekul, ahli biofizik dan ahli neurosains British. Pada tahun 1953, beliau bersama-sama dengan James Watson kertas akademik yang mencadangkan struktur heliks ganda molekul DNA. Bersama Watson dan Maurice Wilkins, beliau dianugerahkan Hadiah Nobel dalam Fisiologi atau Perubatan "untuk penemuan mereka mengenai struktur molekul asid nukleik dan kepentingannya untuk pemindahan maklumat dalam bahan hidup". Hasilnya didasarkan pada kajian fundamental yang dilakukan oleh Rosalind Franklin, Raymond Gosling dan Wilkins.

Crick adalah ahli biologi molekul teori penting dan memainkan peranan penting dalam penyelidikan yang berkaitan dengan mendedahkan struktur helikal DNA. Beliau dikenali secara meluas untuk menggunakan istilah "dogma pusat" untuk meringkaskan idea bahawa sekali maklumat dipindahkan dari asid nukleat (DNA atau RNA) ke protein, ia tidak boleh mengalir kembali ke asid nukleik. Dengan kata lain, langkah terakhir dalam aliran maklumat dari asid nukleat ke protein tidak dapat dipulihkan.

Sepanjang kerjayanya, beliau memegang jawatan Profesor Penyelidikan Cemerlang JW Kieckhefer di Institut Pengajian Biologi Salk di La Jolla, California. Penyelidikannya yang terakhir berpusat pada neurobiologi teori dan percubaan untuk memajukan kajian ilmiah kesedaran manusia. Beliau kekal dalam jawatan ini sehingga kematiannya; "beliau menyunting manuskrip di atas katil kematiannya, ahli sains sehingga akhir pahit" menurut Christof Koch.

Buku

• Of Molecules and Men (Prometheus Books, 2004; original edition 1967) ISBN 1-59102-185-5
• Life Itself: Its Origin and Nature (Simon & Schuster, 1981) ISBN 0-671-25562-2
• What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific Discovery (Basic Books reprint edition, 1990) ISBN 0-465-09138-5
• The Astonishing Hypothesis: The Scientific Search For The Soul (Scribner reprint edition, 1995) ISBN 0-684-80158-2
• Georg Kreisel: a Few Personal Recollections. In: Kreiseliana: About and Around Georg Kreisel (1996), pp. 25–32. ISBN 1-56881-061-X

Bacaan lanjut

• John Bankston, Francis Crick and James D. Watson; Francis Crick and James Watson: Pioneers in DNA Research (Mitchell Lane Publishers, Inc., 2002) ISBN 1-58415-122-6.
• Bill Bryson; A Short History of Nearly Everything (Broadway Books, 2003) ISBN 0-7679-0817-1.
• Soraya De Chadarevian; Designs For Life: Molecular Biology After World War II, CUP 2002, 444 pp; ISBN 0-521-57078-6.
• Roderick Braithwaite. Strikingly Alive: The History of the Mill Hill School Foundation 1807–2007; published Phillimore & Co. ISBN 978-1-86077-330-3
• Edwin Chargaff; Heraclitean Fire, Rockefeller Press, 1978.
• S. Chomet (Ed.), D.N.A. Genesis of a Discovery, 1994, Newman- Hemisphere Press, London
• Dickerson, Richard E.; Present at the Flood: How Structural Molecular Biology Came About, Sinauer, 2005; ISBN 0-87893-168-6.
• Edward Edelson,"Francis Crick And James Watson: And the Building Blocks of Life, Oxford University Press, 2000, ISBN 0-19-513971-2.
• John Finch; A Nobel Fellow On Every Floor, Medical Research Council 2008, 381 pp, ISBN 978-1-84046-940-0.
• Hager, Thomas; Force of Nature: The Life of Linus Pauling, Simon & Schuster 1995; ISBN 0-684-80909-5
• Graeme Hunter; Light Is A Messenger, the life and science of William Lawrence Bragg (Oxford University Press, 2004) ISBN 0-19-852921-X.
• Horace Freeland Judson, The Eighth Day of Creation. Makers of the Revolution in Biology; Penguin Books 1995, first published by Jonathan Cape, 1977; ISBN 0-14-017800-7.
• Errol C. Friedberg; Sydney Brenner: A Biography, pub. CSHL Press October 2010, ISBN 0-87969-947-7.
• Torsten Krude (Ed.); DNA Changing Science and Society (ISBN 0-521-82378-1) CUP 2003. (The Darwin Lectures for 2003, including one by Sir Aaron Klug on Rosalind Franklin's involvement in the determination of the structure of DNA).
• Robert Olby; The Path to The Double Helix: Discovery of DNA; first published in October 1974 by MacMillan, with foreword by Francis Crick; ISBN 0-486-68117-3; revised in 1994, with a 9-page postscript.
• Robert Olby; Oxford National Dictionary article: Crick, Francis Harry Compton (1916–2004). In: Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, January 2008.
• Anne Sayre. 1975. Rosalind Franklin and DNA. New York: W.W. Norton and Company. ISBN 0-393-32044-8.
• James D. Watson; The Double Helix: A Personal Account of the Discovery of the Structure of DNA, Atheneum, 1980, ISBN 0-689-70602-2 (first published in 1968) is a very readable firsthand account of the research by Crick and Watson. The book also formed the basis of the award-winning television dramatization Life Story by BBC Horizon (also broadcast as Race for the Double Helix). [The Norton Critical Edition, which was published in 1980, edited by Gunther S. Stent: ISBN 0-393-01245-X]
• James D. Watson; Avoid Boring People and Other Lessons from a Life in Science, New York: Random House. ISBN 978-0-375-41284-4.

Pautan luar

• The Francis Crick Institute
• Francis Crick di Find a Grave
• "Francis Harry Compton Crick (1916-2004)" by A. Andrei at the Embryo Project Encyclopedia