Louis XVI dari Perancis: Perbezaan antara semakan

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Semakan pada 13:57, 12 Mei 2020

Louis XVI (23 Ogos 1754 – 21 Januari 1793), ialah Raja Perancis daripada Wangsa Bourbon sejak tahun 1774 hingga 1792. Kekuasaannya dihentikan dan beliau ditangkap pada Revolusi 10 Ogos, dan akhirnya dihukum dengan gilotin atas dakwaan pengkhianatan pada 21 Januari 1793, di hadapan para penonton yang menyoraki hukumannya.

Louis XVI awalnya dicintai rakyatnya, namun ketidakcekapannya dalam pemerintahan dan sikapnya yang konservatif membuatkan rakyatnya berbalik membencinya. Isterinya ialah Marie Antoinette, dan bersamanya mereka mempunyai empat orang anak:

Marie-Thérèse-Charlotte
Louis-Joseph-Xavier-François
Louis-Charles
Sophie-Beatrix

Keputeraan

Pemerintahan

Semasa Revolusi

Penggulingan

Pemenjaraan, penghukuman pancung

Rujukan

Bibliografi

Baecque, Antoine De. "From Royal Dignity to Republican Austerity: the Ritual for the Reception of Louis XVI in the French National Assembly (1789–1792)." Journal of Modern History 1994 66(4): 671–696. JSTOR.org
Burley, Peter. "A Bankrupt Regime." History Today (January 1984) 34:36–42.ISSN 0018-2753 Fulltext in EBSCO
Doyle, William. Origins of the French Revolution (3rd ed. 1999) online edition
Doyle, William. "The Execution of Louis XVI and the End of the French Monarchy." History Review. (2000) pp 21+ Questia.com, online edition
Doyle, William (2002). The Oxford History of the French Revolution. UK: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-925298-5. Pages 194–196 deal with the trial of Louis XVI.
Doyle, William, ed. Old Regime France (2001).
Dunn, Susan. The Deaths of Louis XVI: Regicide and the French Political Imagination. (1994). 178 pp.
Hardman, John. Louis XVI: The Silent King (2nd ed. 2016) 500 pages; much expanded new edition; now the standard scholarly biography
- Hardman, John. Louis XVI: The Silent King (1994) 224 pages, an older scholarly biography
Hardman, John. French Politics, 1774–1789: From the Accession of Louis XVI to the Fall of the Bastille. (1995). 283 pp.
Jones, Colin. The Great Nation: France from Louis XV to Napoleon (2002) Amazon.com, excerpt and text search
Mignet, François Auguste (1824). "History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814". Project Gutenberg. See Chapter VI, The National Convention, for more details on the king's trial and execution.
Padover, Saul K. The Life and Death of Louis XVI (1939) Questia.com, online edition
Price, Munro. The Road from Versailles: Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette, and the Fall of the French Monarchy (2004) 425 pp. Amazon.com, excerpt and text search; also published as The Fall of the French Monarchy: Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette and the Baron de Breteuil. (2002)

Schama, Simon. Citizens. A Chronicle of the French Revolution (1989), highly readable narrative by scholar Amazon.com, excerpt and text search
Tackett, Timothy. When the King Took Flight. (2003). 270 pp. Amazon.com, excerpt and text search

@@ Baris 8: / Baris 8: @@
 * Sophie-Beatrix
+== Keputeraan ==
+{{Bahagian kosong|date=Mei 2020}}
+== Pemerintahan ==
+{{Bahagian kosong|date=Mei 2020}}
+== Semasa Revolusi ==
+=== Penggulingan ===
+{{Bahagian kosong|date=Mei 2020}}
+=== Pemenjaraan, penghukuman pancung ===
+{{Bahagian kosong|date=Mei 2020}}
+== Rujukan ==
+== Bibliografi ==
+* Baecque, Antoine De. "From Royal Dignity to Republican Austerity: the Ritual for the Reception of Louis XVI in the French National Assembly (1789–1792)." ''Journal of Modern History'' 1994 66(4): 671–696. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2125154 JSTOR.org]
+* Burley, Peter. "A Bankrupt Regime." ''History Today'' (January 1984) 34:36–42.{{ISSN|0018-2753}} Fulltext in [[EBSCO]]
+* Doyle, William. ''Origins of the French Revolution'' (3rd ed. 1999) [https://www.questia.com/library/book/origins-of-the-french-revolution-by-william-doyle.jsp online edition]
+* Doyle, William. "The Execution of Louis XVI and the End of the French Monarchy." ''History Review.'' (2000) pp 21+ [https://www.questia.com/read/5001205429 Questia.com], online edition
+* {{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordhistoryoff00doyl|title=The Oxford History of the French Revolution|author=Doyle, William|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2002|isbn=978-0-19-925298-5|location=UK|url-access=registration}} Pages 194–196 deal with the trial of Louis XVI.
+* Doyle, William, ed. ''Old Regime France'' (2001).
+* Dunn, Susan. ''The Deaths of Louis XVI: Regicide and the French Political Imagination.'' (1994). 178 pp.
+* Hardman, John. ''Louis XVI: The Silent King'' (2nd ed. 2016) 500 pages; much expanded new edition; now the standard scholarly biography
+** Hardman, John. ''Louis XVI: The Silent King'' (1994) 224 pages, an older scholarly biography
+* Hardman, John. ''French Politics, 1774–1789: From the Accession of Louis XVI to the Fall of the Bastille.'' (1995). 283 pp.
+* Jones, Colin. ''The Great Nation: France from Louis XV to Napoleon'' (2002) [https://www.amazon.com/dp/0140130934 Amazon.com], excerpt and text search
+* {{cite web|url=http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/etext06/8hfrr10.txt|title=History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814|author=Mignet, François Auguste|year=1824|publisher=[[Project Gutenberg]]}} See Chapter VI, ''The National Convention'', for more details on the king's trial and execution.
+* Padover, Saul K. ''The Life and Death of Louis XVI'' (1939) [https://www.questia.com/read/3921322 Questia.com], online edition
+* Price, Munro. ''The Road from Versailles: Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette, and the Fall of the French Monarchy'' (2004) 425 pp. [https://www.amazon.com/dp/0312326130 Amazon.com], excerpt and text search; also published as ''The Fall of the French Monarchy: Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette and the Baron de Breteuil.'' (2002)
+* [[Schama, Simon]]. ''[[Citizens. A Chronicle of the French Revolution]]'' (1989), highly readable narrative by scholar [https://www.amazon.com/dp/0141017279 Amazon.com], excerpt and text search
+* Tackett, Timothy. ''When the King Took Flight.'' (2003). 270 pp. [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B000F4LMP8 Amazon.com], excerpt and text search
 {{Commons|Louis XVI of France}}

l b s Senarai raja Perancis
Karoling (843–888, 898–922, 936–987)	Pepin (751–768) • Carloman I (768–771) • Charlemagne (768–814) • Louis I (814–840) • Charles I (843–877) • Louis II (877–879) • Louis III (879–882) • Carloman II (879–884) • Charles II (885–888) • Charles III (898–922) • Louis IV (936–954) • Lothair (954–986) • Louis V (986–987)
Robert (888–898, 922–923)	Odo dari Paris (888–898) • Robert I (922–923)
Bosonid (923–936)	Rudolph (923–936)
Wangsa Capet (987–1328)	Hugh Capet (987–996) • Robert II (996–1031) • Henri I (1031–1060) • Philip I (1060–1108) • Louis VI (1108–1137) • Louis VII (1137–1180) • Philip II (1180–1223) • Louis VIII (1223–1226) • Louis IX (1226–1270) • Philip III (1270–1285) • Philip IV (1285–1314) • Louis X (1314–1316) • Jean I (1316) • Philip V (1316–1322) • Charles IV (1322–1328)
Wangsa Valois (1328–1498)	Philip VI (1328–1350) • Jean II (1350–1364) • Charles V (1364–1380) • Charles VI (1380–1422) • Charles VII (1422–1461) • Louis XI (1461–1483) • Charles VIII (1483–1498)
Wangsa Lancaster (1422–1453)	Henry VI dari England (1422–1453) (dipertikaikan)
Kerabat Diraja Valois-Orléans (1498–1515)	Louis XII (1498–1515)
Kerabat Diraja Valois-Angoulême (1515–1589)	Francis I (1515–1547) • Henri II (1547–1559) • Francis II (1559–1560) • Charles IX (1560–1574) • Henri III (1574–1589)
Wangsa Bourbon (1589–1792)	Henri IV (1589–1610) • Louis XIII (1610–1643) • Louis XIV (1643–1715) • Louis XV (1715–1774) • Louis XVI (1774–1792) • Louis XVII (claimant, 1792–1795)
Wangsa Bonaparte Empayar Perancis (1804–1814, 1815)	Napoleon I (1804–1814, 1815) • Napoleon II (1815)
Wangsa Bourbon Pengambilan Kuasa Bourbon (1814, 1815–1830)	Louis XVIII (1814–1815, 1815–1824) • Charles X (1824–1830) • Louis XIX (1830) (dipertikaikan) • Henri V (1830) (dipertikaikan)
Wangsa Orléans Pemerintahan beraja Julai (1830–1848)	Louis-Philippe I (1830–1848)
Wangsa Bonaparte Empayar Kedua (1852–1870)	Napoleon III (1852–1870)