Joe Biden: Perbezaan antara semakan

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{{Infobox Politician
{{Infobox Politician
|name = Joe Bijan
|name = Joe Biden
|image = Joe Biden official portrait 2013.jpg
|image = Joe Biden official portrait 2013.jpg
|imagesize =
|imagesize =
Baris 27: Baris 27:
| death_place =
| death_place =
| spouse = {{marriage|Neilia Hunter|27 Ogos 1966|18 Disember 1972|end=died}}<br />{{marriage|[[Jill Biden|Jill Jacobs]]|17 Jun 1977}}
| spouse = {{marriage|Neilia Hunter|27 Ogos 1966|18 Disember 1972|end=died}}<br />{{marriage|[[Jill Biden|Jill Jacobs]]|17 Jun 1977}}
| parents = Joseph R. Bijan Sr.<br>Catherine Eugenia Finnegan
| parents = Joseph R. Biden Sr.<br>Catherine Eugenia Finnegan
| party = [[Parti Demokratik (Amerika Syarikat)|Demokrat]]
| party = [[Parti Demokratik (Amerika Syarikat)|Demokrat]]
| residence = [[Wilmington, Delaware|Wilmington]], [[Delaware]]
| residence = [[Wilmington, Delaware|Wilmington]], [[Delaware]]
Baris 36: Baris 36:
{{url|buildbackbetter.com|Laman web peralihan}}
{{url|buildbackbetter.com|Laman web peralihan}}
}}
}}
'''Joseph Robinette “Joe” Bijan, Jr. ''' ({{IPA2|bаɪ' dɛn}}, lahir 20 November 1942) ialah seorang ahli politik [[Amerika Syarikat]] dan [[Presiden Amerika Syarikat|presiden terpilih Amerika Syarikat]]. Setelah mengalahkan penyandang beliau [[Donald Trump]] pada [[pilihan raya Presiden Amerika Syarikat 2020]], beliau akan mengangkat sumpah sebagai presiden Amerika Syarikat ke-46 pada 20 Januari 2021.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://beta.astroawani.com/berita-dunia/as-memilih-joe-bijan-sah-presiden-amerika-syarikat-ke46-266843|title=AS Memilih: Joe Bijan sah Presiden Amerika Syarikat ke-46|first1=Isabelle|last1=Leong|date=8 November 2020|access-date=8 November 2020|publisher=[[Astro Awani]]}}</ref>
'''Joseph Robinette “Joe” Biden, Jr. ''' ({{IPA2|bаɪ' dɛn}}, lahir 20 November 1942) ialah seorang ahli politik [[Amerika Syarikat]] dan [[Presiden Amerika Syarikat|presiden terpilih Amerika Syarikat]]. Setelah mengalahkan penyandang beliau [[Donald Trump]] pada [[pilihan raya Presiden Amerika Syarikat 2020]], beliau akan mengangkat sumpah sebagai presiden Amerika Syarikat ke-46 pada 20 Januari 2021.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://beta.astroawani.com/berita-dunia/as-memilih-joe-biden-sah-presiden-amerika-syarikat-ke46-266843|title=AS Memilih: Joe Biden sah Presiden Amerika Syarikat ke-46|first1=Isabelle|last1=Leong|date=8 November 2020|access-date=8 November 2020|publisher=[[Astro Awani]]}}</ref>


Seorang ahli [[Parti Demokratik (Amerika Syarikat)|Parti Demokrat]], Bijan sebelum ini memegang jawatan sebagai [[Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat|naib presiden]] dari tahun 2009 sehingga 2017. Beliau juga pernah menjadi [[Senat Amerika Syarikat|Senator Amerika Syarikat]] untuk [[Delaware]] dari tahun 1973 sehingga 2009.
Seorang ahli [[Parti Demokratik (Amerika Syarikat)|Parti Demokrat]], Biden sebelum ini memegang jawatan sebagai [[Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat|naib presiden]] dari tahun 2009 sehingga 2017. Beliau juga pernah menjadi [[Senat Amerika Syarikat|Senator Amerika Syarikat]] untuk [[Delaware]] dari tahun 1973 sehingga 2009.


== Awal hidup ==
== Awal hidup ==
Joseph Robinette Bijan Jr. lahir pada 20 November 1942 di St. Mary's Hospital in [[Scranton, Pennsylvania|Scranton]], [[Pennsylvania]]<ref name="witcover">{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780061791987|title=Joe Bijan: A Life of Trial and Redemption|last=Witcover|first=Jules|publisher=William Morrow|year=2010|isbn=978-0-06-179198-7|location=New York City|authorlink=Jules Witcover}}</ref>{{rp|5}} Beliau anak sulung empat adik-beradik dalam sebuah keluarga menganut [[Gereja Katolik|mazhab Katolik]];<ref name="witcover" />{{rp|9}} ibunya Catherine Eugenia "Jean" Finnegan (1917–2010), seorang keturunan Ireland banyak leluhur di [[Kaunti Louth]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/joe-bijans-irish-roots_b_1641678|title=Joe Bijan's Irish Roots|last=Smolenyak|first=Megan|date=July 2, 2012|accessdate=December 6, 2012|work=Huffington Post|authorlink=Megan Smolenyak}}</ref> dan [[Kaunti Londonderry]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sunday-life/number-two-bijan-has-a-history-over-irish-debate-28454443.html|title=Number two Bijan has a history over Irish debate|date=November 9, 2008|accessdate=January 22, 2008|work=[[The Belfast Telegraph]]}}</ref><ref name="witcover" />{{rp|8}} manakala ayahnya Joseph Robinette Bijan Sr. (1915–2002)<ref name="ap010810">{{cite news|url=https://www.witn.com/home/headlines/81062772.html|title=Vice President Bijan's mother, Jean, dies at 92|last=Chase|first=Randall|date=January 9, 2010|publisher=[[WITN-TV]]|agency=Associated Press}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-2002-09-03-0209030023-story.html|title=Joseph Bijan Sr., 86, father of the senator|date=September 3, 2002|newspaper=[[The Baltimore Sun]]|accessdate=April 15, 2020}}</ref> seorang peniaga minyak kacukan Inggeris-Ireland-Perancis.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://irishamerica.com/2013/03/joey-from-scranton-vice-president-bijans-irish-roots/|title=Joey From Scranton—Vice President Bijan's Irish Roots|last=Smolenyak|first=Megan|date=April–May 2013|accessdate=April 15, 2020|authorlink=Megan Smolenyak|magazine=[[Irish America (magazine)|Irish America]]}}</ref><ref name="witcover" />{{rp|8}}
Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. lahir pada 20 November 1942 di St. Mary's Hospital in [[Scranton, Pennsylvania|Scranton]], [[Pennsylvania]]<ref name="witcover">{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780061791987|title=Joe Biden: A Life of Trial and Redemption|last=Witcover|first=Jules|publisher=William Morrow|year=2010|isbn=978-0-06-179198-7|location=New York City|authorlink=Jules Witcover}}</ref>{{rp|5}} Beliau anak sulung empat adik-beradik dalam sebuah keluarga menganut [[Gereja Katolik|mazhab Katolik]];<ref name="witcover" />{{rp|9}} ibunya Catherine Eugenia "Jean" Finnegan (1917–2010), seorang keturunan Ireland banyak leluhur di [[Kaunti Louth]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/joe-bidens-irish-roots_b_1641678|title=Joe Biden's Irish Roots|last=Smolenyak|first=Megan|date=July 2, 2012|accessdate=December 6, 2012|work=Huffington Post|authorlink=Megan Smolenyak}}</ref> dan [[Kaunti Londonderry]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sunday-life/number-two-biden-has-a-history-over-irish-debate-28454443.html|title=Number two Biden has a history over Irish debate|date=November 9, 2008|accessdate=January 22, 2008|work=[[The Belfast Telegraph]]}}</ref><ref name="witcover" />{{rp|8}} manakala ayahnya Joseph Robinette Biden Sr. (1915–2002)<ref name="ap010810">{{cite news|url=https://www.witn.com/home/headlines/81062772.html|title=Vice President Biden's mother, Jean, dies at 92|last=Chase|first=Randall|date=January 9, 2010|publisher=[[WITN-TV]]|agency=Associated Press}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-2002-09-03-0209030023-story.html|title=Joseph Biden Sr., 86, father of the senator|date=September 3, 2002|newspaper=[[The Baltimore Sun]]|accessdate=April 15, 2020}}</ref> seorang peniaga minyak kacukan Inggeris-Ireland-Perancis.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://irishamerica.com/2013/03/joey-from-scranton-vice-president-bidens-irish-roots/|title=Joey From Scranton—Vice President Biden's Irish Roots|last=Smolenyak|first=Megan|date=April–May 2013|accessdate=April 15, 2020|authorlink=Megan Smolenyak|magazine=[[Irish America (magazine)|Irish America]]}}</ref><ref name="witcover" />{{rp|8}}


Beliau mengalami masalah [[gagap]] yang ketara pada ketika itu yang berlanjutan sehingga awal dewasanya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.westutter.org/pdfs/Joe_Bijan-PublicGreeting_NationalStutteringAssoc_7.1.09.pdf|title=Letter to National Stuttering Association chairman|last=Bijan|first=Joseph R., Jr.|date=July 9, 2009|publisher=National Stuttering Association|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728173845/http://www.westutter.org/pdfs/Joe_Bijan-PublicGreeting_NationalStutteringAssoc_7.1.09.pdf|archivedate=July 28, 2011|accessdate=December 9, 2010}}</ref>
Beliau mengalami masalah [[gagap]] yang ketara pada ketika itu yang berlanjutan sehingga awal dewasanya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.westutter.org/pdfs/Joe_Biden-PublicGreeting_NationalStutteringAssoc_7.1.09.pdf|title=Letter to National Stuttering Association chairman|last=Biden|first=Joseph R., Jr.|date=July 9, 2009|publisher=National Stuttering Association|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728173845/http://www.westutter.org/pdfs/Joe_Biden-PublicGreeting_NationalStutteringAssoc_7.1.09.pdf|archivedate=July 28, 2011|accessdate=December 9, 2010}}</ref>


=== Pendidikan ===
=== Pendidikan ===
Beliau dikecualikan daripada [[pengerahan]] yang dilakukan ke atas banyak belia Amerika Syarikat semasa meletusnya [[Perang Vietnam]]<ref name="ap-draft">{{cite news|url=https://www.newsday.com/news/nation/bijan-got-5-draft-deferments-during-nam-as-did-cheney-1.884250|title=Bijan got 5 draft deferments during Nam, as did Cheney|last=Chase|first=Randall|date=September 1, 2008|newspaper=Newsday|agency=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> kerana penghidapan [[penyakit asma]].<ref name="ap-draft" /><ref name="wapo-romano87">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1987/06/09/joe-bijan-the-politics-of-belief/c19fd9f1-3c4a-44c2-97e2-fd30cbdb22bc/|title=Joe Bijan & the Politics of Belief|last=Romano|first=Lois|date=June 9, 1987|newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref>
Beliau dikecualikan daripada [[pengerahan]] yang dilakukan ke atas banyak belia Amerika Syarikat semasa meletusnya [[Perang Vietnam]]<ref name="ap-draft">{{cite news|url=https://www.newsday.com/news/nation/biden-got-5-draft-deferments-during-nam-as-did-cheney-1.884250|title=Biden got 5 draft deferments during Nam, as did Cheney|last=Chase|first=Randall|date=September 1, 2008|newspaper=Newsday|agency=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> kerana penghidapan [[penyakit asma]].<ref name="ap-draft" /><ref name="wapo-romano87">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1987/06/09/joe-biden-the-politics-of-belief/c19fd9f1-3c4a-44c2-97e2-fd30cbdb22bc/|title=Joe Biden & the Politics of Belief|last=Romano|first=Lois|date=June 9, 1987|newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref>


== Kerjaya politik awal ==
== Kerjaya politik awal ==
Baris 52: Baris 52:


== Dalam pilihan raya presiden 2008 ==
== Dalam pilihan raya presiden 2008 ==
{{Utama|Pilihan raya Presiden Amerika Syarikat 2008}}Bijan secara rasmi dicalonkan mewakili Parti Demokrat sebagai calon Naib Presiden pada 27 Ogos 2008 di Sidang Kebangsaan Parti Demokrat [[Denver]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://newsblaze.com/usnews/politics/democrats-formally-nominate-barack-obama-for-u-s-presidency_60148/|title=Democrats Formally Nominate Barack Obama for U.S. Presidency|last=Gray|first=Alan|date=August 29, 2008|publisher=NewsBlaze}}</ref>
{{Utama|Pilihan raya Presiden Amerika Syarikat 2008}}Biden secara rasmi dicalonkan mewakili Parti Demokrat sebagai calon Naib Presiden pada 27 Ogos 2008 di Sidang Kebangsaan Parti Demokrat [[Denver]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://newsblaze.com/usnews/politics/democrats-formally-nominate-barack-obama-for-u-s-presidency_60148/|title=Democrats Formally Nominate Barack Obama for U.S. Presidency|last=Gray|first=Alan|date=August 29, 2008|publisher=NewsBlaze}}</ref>


Pada 4 November 2008, Obama dan Bijan berjaya memenangi pilihan raya<ref>{{cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/11/04/election.president/index.html|title=Barack Obama wins presidential election|date=November 4, 2008|accessdate=November 5, 2008|work=CNN}}</ref> menewaskan gandingan [[John McCain]]-[[Sarah Palin]] sebanyak 192 undian<ref>{{cite news|url=http://voices.washingtonpost.com/the-trail/2008/11/19/mccain_takes_missouri.html|title=McCain Takes Missouri|last=Franke-Ruta|first=Garance|date=November 19, 2008|newspaper=The Washington Post|accessdate=November 19, 2008}}</ref> serta 53% undian popular.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/ELECTION/2008/results/president/|title=President—Election Center 2008|accessdate=November 19, 2008|work=CNN}}</ref> Bijan mengangkat sumpah sebagai [[Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat]] ke-47 pada tengah hari tanggal 20 Januari 2009.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.oregonlive.com/politics/2009/01/in_culminating_moment_bijan_is.html|title=In culminating moment, Bijan is vice president|date=January 20, 2009|accessdate=July 27, 2016|work=[[OregonLive.com]]|agency=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref>
Pada 4 November 2008, Obama dan Biden berjaya memenangi pilihan raya<ref>{{cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/11/04/election.president/index.html|title=Barack Obama wins presidential election|date=November 4, 2008|accessdate=November 5, 2008|work=CNN}}</ref> menewaskan gandingan [[John McCain]]-[[Sarah Palin]] sebanyak 192 undian<ref>{{cite news|url=http://voices.washingtonpost.com/the-trail/2008/11/19/mccain_takes_missouri.html|title=McCain Takes Missouri|last=Franke-Ruta|first=Garance|date=November 19, 2008|newspaper=The Washington Post|accessdate=November 19, 2008}}</ref> serta 53% undian popular.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/ELECTION/2008/results/president/|title=President—Election Center 2008|accessdate=November 19, 2008|work=CNN}}</ref> Biden mengangkat sumpah sebagai [[Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat]] ke-47 pada tengah hari tanggal 20 Januari 2009.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.oregonlive.com/politics/2009/01/in_culminating_moment_biden_is.html|title=In culminating moment, Biden is vice president|date=January 20, 2009|accessdate=July 27, 2016|work=[[OregonLive.com]]|agency=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref>


== Sebagai Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat ==
== Sebagai Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat ==
Baris 63: Baris 63:


== Dalam pilihan raya presiden 2020 ==
== Dalam pilihan raya presiden 2020 ==
{{Utama|Pilihan raya Presiden Amerika Syarikat 2020|Kempen presiden 2020 Joe Bijan}}
{{Utama|Pilihan raya Presiden Amerika Syarikat 2020|Kempen presiden 2020 Joe Biden}}
Beliau melancarkan kempennya pada 25 April 2019<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/former-vice-president-joe-bijan-jumps-into-white-house-race/2019/04/25/093ff596-0aef-11e9-88e3-989a3e456820_story.html|title=Former vice president Joe Bijan jumps into White House race|last1=Scherer|first1=Michael|date=April 25, 2019|access-date=April 25, 2019|work=The Washington Post|last2=Wagner|first2=John}}</ref> dengan [[Philadelphia]] sebagai markas utama kempen.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.philly.com/news/joe-bijan-2020-presidential-campaign-philadelphia-headquarters-20190516.html|title=Joe Bijan chooses Philadelphia for 2020 presidential campaign headquarters|last=Tamari|first=Jonathan|date=May 16, 2019|newspaper=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]|accessdate=May 17, 2019}}</ref>
Beliau melancarkan kempennya pada 25 April 2019<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/former-vice-president-joe-biden-jumps-into-white-house-race/2019/04/25/093ff596-0aef-11e9-88e3-989a3e456820_story.html|title=Former vice president Joe Biden jumps into White House race|last1=Scherer|first1=Michael|date=April 25, 2019|access-date=April 25, 2019|work=The Washington Post|last2=Wagner|first2=John}}</ref> dengan [[Philadelphia]] sebagai markas utama kempen.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.philly.com/news/joe-biden-2020-presidential-campaign-philadelphia-headquarters-20190516.html|title=Joe Biden chooses Philadelphia for 2020 presidential campaign headquarters|last=Tamari|first=Jonathan|date=May 16, 2019|newspaper=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]|accessdate=May 17, 2019}}</ref>


Beliau bersaing kuat khususnya dengan [[Bernie Sanders]] yang utuh momentumnya di mana Bijan berjaya di peringkat primer dalam 18 daripada 26 pilihan raya termasuk Alabama, Arkansas, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia;<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2020/03/04/811868704/5-takeaways-from-super-tuesday-and-joe-bijans-big-night|title=5 Takeaways From Super Tuesday And Joe Bijan's Big Night|last1=Montanaro|first1=Domenico|publisher=NPR}}</ref> lagi-lagi dengan turunnya saingan lain sama parti seperti [[Elizabeth Warren]] dan [[Michael Bloomberg|Mike Bloomberg]] di mana beliau mendahului Sanders di empat negeri - Idaho, Michigan, Mississippi, and Missouri - pada 10 Mac.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/11/politics/2020-primary-election-takeaways/index.html|title=5 takeaways as Bijan takes command of Democratic race on Super Tuesday II|date=March 11, 2020|accessdate=March 11, 2020|work=CNN}}</ref>
Beliau bersaing kuat khususnya dengan [[Bernie Sanders]] yang utuh momentumnya di mana Biden berjaya di peringkat primer dalam 18 daripada 26 pilihan raya termasuk Alabama, Arkansas, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia;<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2020/03/04/811868704/5-takeaways-from-super-tuesday-and-joe-bidens-big-night|title=5 Takeaways From Super Tuesday And Joe Biden's Big Night|last1=Montanaro|first1=Domenico|publisher=NPR}}</ref> lagi-lagi dengan turunnya saingan lain sama parti seperti [[Elizabeth Warren]] dan [[Michael Bloomberg|Mike Bloomberg]] di mana beliau mendahului Sanders di empat negeri - Idaho, Michigan, Mississippi, and Missouri - pada 10 Mac.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/11/politics/2020-primary-election-takeaways/index.html|title=5 takeaways as Biden takes command of Democratic race on Super Tuesday II|date=March 11, 2020|accessdate=March 11, 2020|work=CNN}}</ref>


Pada 8 April 2020, Bernie Sanders mengumumkan keputusan menggantung kempennya selepas mempertimbangkan situasi genting yang melanda A.S susulan [[Pandemik COVID-19 di Amerika Syarikat|wabak COVID-19]];<ref name=":8">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/08/us/politics/bernie-sanders-drops-out.html|title=Bernie Sanders Drops Out of 2020 Democratic Race for President|last=Ember|first=Sydney|date=April 8, 2020|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=April 8, 2020|issn=0362-4331|url-status=live}}</ref> Bijan secara automatiknya menjadi calon utama Parti Demokrat.<ref name="NYT4-8-2020">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/08/us/politics/bernie-sanders-drops-out.html|title=Bernie Sanders Drops Out of 2020 Democratic Race for President|last=Ember|first=Sydney|date=April 8, 2020|access-date=April 8, 2020|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|url-status=live}}</ref> Sanders memberikan sokongan penuh kepada Bijan pada 13 April,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/13/us/politics/bernie-sanders-joe-bijan-endorsement.html|title=Bernie Sanders Endorses Joe Bijan for President|last1=Ember|first1=Sydney|date=April 13, 2020|accessdate=April 13, 2020|work=The New York Times|last2=Glueck|first2=Katie}}</ref> [[Barack Obama]] menyusuli keesokan harinya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/14/politics/obama-endorses-bijan/index.html|title=Obama endorses Bijan for president in video message|last=Merica|first=Dan|date=April 14, 2020|access-date=April 14, 2020|work=CNN|language=en|url-status=live}}</ref>
Pada 8 April 2020, Bernie Sanders mengumumkan keputusan menggantung kempennya selepas mempertimbangkan situasi genting yang melanda A.S susulan [[Pandemik COVID-19 di Amerika Syarikat|wabak COVID-19]];<ref name=":8">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/08/us/politics/bernie-sanders-drops-out.html|title=Bernie Sanders Drops Out of 2020 Democratic Race for President|last=Ember|first=Sydney|date=April 8, 2020|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=April 8, 2020|issn=0362-4331|url-status=live}}</ref> Biden secara automatiknya menjadi calon utama Parti Demokrat.<ref name="NYT4-8-2020">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/08/us/politics/bernie-sanders-drops-out.html|title=Bernie Sanders Drops Out of 2020 Democratic Race for President|last=Ember|first=Sydney|date=April 8, 2020|access-date=April 8, 2020|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|url-status=live}}</ref> Sanders memberikan sokongan penuh kepada Biden pada 13 April,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/13/us/politics/bernie-sanders-joe-biden-endorsement.html|title=Bernie Sanders Endorses Joe Biden for President|last1=Ember|first1=Sydney|date=April 13, 2020|accessdate=April 13, 2020|work=The New York Times|last2=Glueck|first2=Katie}}</ref> [[Barack Obama]] menyusuli keesokan harinya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/14/politics/obama-endorses-biden/index.html|title=Obama endorses Biden for president in video message|last=Merica|first=Dan|date=April 14, 2020|access-date=April 14, 2020|work=CNN|language=en|url-status=live}}</ref>


Beliau memilih Senator [[Kamala Harris]] dari [[California]] sebagai timbalannya pada 11 Ogos - Bijan ada mengatur pelantikan Timbalan Presiden dalam kalangan kaum wanita pada Mac tahun sama.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.axios.com/joe-bijan-woman-running-mate-6add0a5b-2600-43b0-8e83-b38d74042881.html|title=Joe Bijan commits to picking a woman as his running mate|date=March 16, 2020|accessdate=May 3, 2020|work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]]}}</ref> Bijan disahkan sebagai calon utama di Sidang Kebangsaan Parti Demokrat seminggu kemudian pada 18 Ogos.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/democrats-to-nominate-joe-bijan-bill-clinton-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-to-speak-11597777946|title=DNC Nominates Joe Bijan to Lead Nation Through Pandemic|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date=August 18, 2020|access-date=August 19, 2020|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|location=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/elections/2020/08/18/democratic-national-convention-live-updates/|title=Joe Bijan officially becomes the Democratic Party's nominee on convention's second night|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date=August 19, 2020|access-date=August 19, 2020|work=[[The Washington Post]]|location=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/democrats-formally-nominate-joe-bijan-to-be-2020-presidential-nominee|title=Democrats formally nominate Joe Bijan for president in virtual roll call|last=Schultz|first=Marisa|date=August 18, 2020|access-date=August 19, 2020|work=[[Fox News]]|location=}}</ref>
Beliau memilih Senator [[Kamala Harris]] dari [[California]] sebagai timbalannya pada 11 Ogos - Biden ada mengatur pelantikan Timbalan Presiden dalam kalangan kaum wanita pada Mac tahun sama.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.axios.com/joe-biden-woman-running-mate-6add0a5b-2600-43b0-8e83-b38d74042881.html|title=Joe Biden commits to picking a woman as his running mate|date=March 16, 2020|accessdate=May 3, 2020|work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]]}}</ref> Biden disahkan sebagai calon utama di Sidang Kebangsaan Parti Demokrat seminggu kemudian pada 18 Ogos.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/democrats-to-nominate-joe-biden-bill-clinton-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-to-speak-11597777946|title=DNC Nominates Joe Biden to Lead Nation Through Pandemic|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date=August 18, 2020|access-date=August 19, 2020|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|location=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/elections/2020/08/18/democratic-national-convention-live-updates/|title=Joe Biden officially becomes the Democratic Party's nominee on convention's second night|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date=August 19, 2020|access-date=August 19, 2020|work=[[The Washington Post]]|location=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/democrats-formally-nominate-joe-biden-to-be-2020-presidential-nominee|title=Democrats formally nominate Joe Biden for president in virtual roll call|last=Schultz|first=Marisa|date=August 18, 2020|access-date=August 19, 2020|work=[[Fox News]]|location=}}</ref>


== Catatan ==
== Catatan ==
Baris 81: Baris 81:


== Pautan luar ==
== Pautan luar ==
{{sisterlinks|s=author:Joe Bijan}}
{{sisterlinks|s=author:Joe Biden}}
'''Rasmi'''
'''Rasmi'''
* [http://my.barackobama.com/page/s/welcomejoe?source=bidendotcom Official Senate campaign website]
* [http://my.barackobama.com/page/s/welcomejoe?source=bidendotcom Official Senate campaign website]
* [http://bijan.senate.gov/ Official Senate website]
* [http://biden.senate.gov/ Official Senate website]
'''Media'''
'''Media'''
* [http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/wire/chi-ap-biobox-bijan,0,7014937.story Chicago Tribune profile]
* [http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/wire/chi-ap-biobox-biden,0,7014937.story Chicago Tribune profile]
* [http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2008/aug/23/uselections2008.barackobama Guardian profile]
* [http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2008/aug/23/uselections2008.barackobama Guardian profile]
* [http://www.pbs.org/kcet/tavissmiley/special/forums/candidates/bijan.html PBS profile]
* [http://www.pbs.org/kcet/tavissmiley/special/forums/candidates/biden.html PBS profile]
* [http://archive.is/20121209025709/projects.washingtonpost.com/2008-presidential-candidates/joe-bijan/ Washington Post profile]
* [http://archive.is/20121209025709/projects.washingtonpost.com/2008-presidential-candidates/joe-biden/ Washington Post profile]


{{Lifetime|1942|LIVING|Bijan, Joe}}
{{Lifetime|1942|LIVING|Biden, Joe}}
{{Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat}}
{{Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat}}


Semakan pada 03:03, 9 November 2020

Joe Biden
Potret rasmi, 2013
Presiden terpilih Amerika Syarikat
Memegang jawatan
20 Januari 2021
Naib PresidenKamala Harris (terpilih)
MenggantikanDonald Trump
Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat ke-47
Dalam jawatan
20 Januari 2009 – 20 Januari 2017
PresidenBarack Obama
Didahului olehDick Cheney
Digantikan olehMike Pence
Senator Amerika Syarikat
(Delaware)
Dalam jawatan
3 Januari 1973 – 15 Januari 2009
Didahului olehJ. Caleb Boggs
Digantikan olehTed Kaufman
Butiran peribadi
Lahir (1942-11-20) 20 November 1942 (umur 81)
Scranton, Pennsylvania
Parti politikDemokrat
PasanganNeilia Hunter (k. 1966; m. 1972)
Jill Jacobs (k. 1977)
Ibu bapaJoseph R. Biden Sr.
Catherine Eugenia Finnegan
KediamanWilmington, Delaware
Alma materUniversiti Delaware
Universiti Syracuse
PekerjaanPeguam, ahli politik, penulis
Tandatangan
Laman web rasmiLaman web kempen Laman web peralihan

Joseph Robinette “Joe” Biden, Jr. (IPA: [bаɪ' dɛn], lahir 20 November 1942) ialah seorang ahli politik Amerika Syarikat dan presiden terpilih Amerika Syarikat. Setelah mengalahkan penyandang beliau Donald Trump pada pilihan raya Presiden Amerika Syarikat 2020, beliau akan mengangkat sumpah sebagai presiden Amerika Syarikat ke-46 pada 20 Januari 2021.[1]

Seorang ahli Parti Demokrat, Biden sebelum ini memegang jawatan sebagai naib presiden dari tahun 2009 sehingga 2017. Beliau juga pernah menjadi Senator Amerika Syarikat untuk Delaware dari tahun 1973 sehingga 2009.

Awal hidup

Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. lahir pada 20 November 1942 di St. Mary's Hospital in Scranton, Pennsylvania[2]:5 Beliau anak sulung empat adik-beradik dalam sebuah keluarga menganut mazhab Katolik;[2]:9 ibunya Catherine Eugenia "Jean" Finnegan (1917–2010), seorang keturunan Ireland banyak leluhur di Kaunti Louth[3] dan Kaunti Londonderry[4][2]:8 manakala ayahnya Joseph Robinette Biden Sr. (1915–2002)[5][6] seorang peniaga minyak kacukan Inggeris-Ireland-Perancis.[7][2]:8

Beliau mengalami masalah gagap yang ketara pada ketika itu yang berlanjutan sehingga awal dewasanya.[8]

Pendidikan

Beliau dikecualikan daripada pengerahan yang dilakukan ke atas banyak belia Amerika Syarikat semasa meletusnya Perang Vietnam[9] kerana penghidapan penyakit asma.[9][10]

Kerjaya politik awal

Dalam pilihan raya presiden 2008

Rencana utama: Pilihan raya Presiden Amerika Syarikat 2008

Biden secara rasmi dicalonkan mewakili Parti Demokrat sebagai calon Naib Presiden pada 27 Ogos 2008 di Sidang Kebangsaan Parti Demokrat Denver.[11]

Pada 4 November 2008, Obama dan Biden berjaya memenangi pilihan raya[12] menewaskan gandingan John McCain-Sarah Palin sebanyak 192 undian[13] serta 53% undian popular.[14] Biden mengangkat sumpah sebagai Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat ke-47 pada tengah hari tanggal 20 Januari 2009.[15]

Sebagai Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat

Tempoh renggang

Dalam pilihan raya presiden 2020

Laman utama: Pilihan raya Presiden Amerika Syarikat 2020 dan Kempen presiden 2020 Joe Biden

Beliau melancarkan kempennya pada 25 April 2019[16] dengan Philadelphia sebagai markas utama kempen.[17]

Beliau bersaing kuat khususnya dengan Bernie Sanders yang utuh momentumnya di mana Biden berjaya di peringkat primer dalam 18 daripada 26 pilihan raya termasuk Alabama, Arkansas, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia;[18] lagi-lagi dengan turunnya saingan lain sama parti seperti Elizabeth Warren dan Mike Bloomberg di mana beliau mendahului Sanders di empat negeri - Idaho, Michigan, Mississippi, and Missouri - pada 10 Mac.[19]

Pada 8 April 2020, Bernie Sanders mengumumkan keputusan menggantung kempennya selepas mempertimbangkan situasi genting yang melanda A.S susulan wabak COVID-19;[20] Biden secara automatiknya menjadi calon utama Parti Demokrat.[21] Sanders memberikan sokongan penuh kepada Biden pada 13 April,[22] Barack Obama menyusuli keesokan harinya.[23]

Beliau memilih Senator Kamala Harris dari California sebagai timbalannya pada 11 Ogos - Biden ada mengatur pelantikan Timbalan Presiden dalam kalangan kaum wanita pada Mac tahun sama.[24] Biden disahkan sebagai calon utama di Sidang Kebangsaan Parti Demokrat seminggu kemudian pada 18 Ogos.[25][26][27]

Catatan

  1. ^ Leong, Isabelle (8 November 2020). "AS Memilih: Joe Biden sah Presiden Amerika Syarikat ke-46". Astro Awani. Dicapai pada 8 November 2020.
  2. ^ a b c d Witcover, Jules (2010). Joe Biden: A Life of Trial and Redemption. New York City: William Morrow. ISBN 978-0-06-179198-7.
  3. ^ Smolenyak, Megan (July 2, 2012). "Joe Biden's Irish Roots". Huffington Post. Dicapai pada December 6, 2012.
  4. ^ "Number two Biden has a history over Irish debate". The Belfast Telegraph. November 9, 2008. Dicapai pada January 22, 2008.
  5. ^ Chase, Randall (January 9, 2010). "Vice President Biden's mother, Jean, dies at 92". WITN-TV. Associated Press.
  6. ^ "Joseph Biden Sr., 86, father of the senator". The Baltimore Sun. September 3, 2002. Dicapai pada April 15, 2020.
  7. ^ Smolenyak, Megan (April–May 2013). "Joey From Scranton—Vice President Biden's Irish Roots". Irish America. Dicapai pada April 15, 2020.
  8. ^ Biden, Joseph R., Jr. (July 9, 2009). "Letter to National Stuttering Association chairman" (PDF). National Stuttering Association. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal (PDF) pada July 28, 2011. Dicapai pada December 9, 2010.
  9. ^ a b Chase, Randall (September 1, 2008). "Biden got 5 draft deferments during Nam, as did Cheney". Newsday. Associated Press.
  10. ^ Romano, Lois (June 9, 1987). "Joe Biden & the Politics of Belief". The Washington Post.
  11. ^ Gray, Alan (August 29, 2008). "Democrats Formally Nominate Barack Obama for U.S. Presidency". NewsBlaze.
  12. ^ "Barack Obama wins presidential election". CNN. November 4, 2008. Dicapai pada November 5, 2008.
  13. ^ Franke-Ruta, Garance (November 19, 2008). "McCain Takes Missouri". The Washington Post. Dicapai pada November 19, 2008.
  14. ^ "President—Election Center 2008". CNN. Dicapai pada November 19, 2008.
  15. ^ "In culminating moment, Biden is vice president". OregonLive.com. Associated Press. January 20, 2009. Dicapai pada July 27, 2016.
  16. ^ Scherer, Michael; Wagner, John (April 25, 2019). "Former vice president Joe Biden jumps into White House race". The Washington Post. Dicapai pada April 25, 2019.
  17. ^ Tamari, Jonathan (May 16, 2019). "Joe Biden chooses Philadelphia for 2020 presidential campaign headquarters". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Dicapai pada May 17, 2019.
  18. ^ Montanaro, Domenico. "5 Takeaways From Super Tuesday And Joe Biden's Big Night". NPR.
  19. ^ "5 takeaways as Biden takes command of Democratic race on Super Tuesday II". CNN. March 11, 2020. Dicapai pada March 11, 2020.
  20. ^ Ember, Sydney (April 8, 2020). "Bernie Sanders Drops Out of 2020 Democratic Race for President". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Dicapai pada April 8, 2020.
  21. ^ Ember, Sydney (April 8, 2020). "Bernie Sanders Drops Out of 2020 Democratic Race for President". The New York Times (dalam bahasa Inggeris). ISSN 0362-4331. Dicapai pada April 8, 2020.
  22. ^ Ember, Sydney; Glueck, Katie (April 13, 2020). "Bernie Sanders Endorses Joe Biden for President". The New York Times. Dicapai pada April 13, 2020.
  23. ^ Merica, Dan (April 14, 2020). "Obama endorses Biden for president in video message". CNN (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Dicapai pada April 14, 2020.
  24. ^ "Joe Biden commits to picking a woman as his running mate". Axios. March 16, 2020. Dicapai pada May 3, 2020.
  25. ^ "DNC Nominates Joe Biden to Lead Nation Through Pandemic". The Wall Street Journal. August 18, 2020. Dicapai pada August 19, 2020.
  26. ^ "Joe Biden officially becomes the Democratic Party's nominee on convention's second night". The Washington Post. August 19, 2020. Dicapai pada August 19, 2020.
  27. ^ Schultz, Marisa (August 18, 2020). "Democrats formally nominate Joe Biden for president in virtual roll call". Fox News. Dicapai pada August 19, 2020.

Rujukan

  • Barone, Michael (2005). Almanac of American Politics. Washington: National Journal Group. ISBN 0892341122. More than one of |author= dan |last= specified (bantuan)
  • Boyer, William W. (2000). Governing Delaware. Newark, DE: University of Delaware Press. ISBN 0874137217.
  • Cohen, Celia (2002). Only in Delaware, Politics and Politicians in the First State. Newark, DE: Grapevine Publishing. ISBN B0006S3PP8 Check |isbn= value: invalid character (bantuan).
  • Peirce, Neil R. (1977). Mid-Atlantic States of America. New York: W.W. Norton & Co. ISBN 0393055418. More than one of |author= dan |last= specified (bantuan)

Pautan luar

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Rasmi

Media

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