Genre muzik: Perbezaan antara semakan

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==Kategorian==
==Kategorian==
Senarai genre muzik (termasuk subgenre) boleh didapati di [[Senarai genre muzik]]. Bagaimanapun, adanya sebilangan kriteria yang dapat digunakan untuk mengelaskan genre muzik, termasuk:
A list of genres of music (including sub genres) can be found at [[List of music genres]]. However, there are a number of criteria with which one may classify musical genres, including:
* Perbezaan Seni/Pop/Tradisional;
* The Art/Popular/Traditional distinction
* Perbezaan kawasan dan negara;
* Regional and national distinctions
* Asal pergabungan.
* Fusional origins


===Muzik seni===
===Muzik seni===
{{main|Muzik seni}}
{{main|Muzik seni}}


Musik seni ialah pengungkapan muzik [[budaya tinggi]]. Terutamanya, ia merujuk kepada muzik klasik, termasuk [[muzik klasik Eropah]] atau lain-lain yang tersenarai dalam [[Senarai gaya muzik klasik]] (termasuk muzik klasik bukan Eropah]], [[muzik klasik kontemporari]] (termasuk [[muzik seni elektronik]], [[muzik uji kaji]], dan [[muzik minimalisme]]). Muzik seni juga boleh merangkumi sesetengah bentuk [[jaz]] (walaupun jaz terutamanya merupakan sejenis bentuk muzik pop.)
Art music is the musical expression of [[high culture]].

Art music primarily refers to classical music, including [[European classical music]], or others listed at [[List of classical music styles]] (including non-European classical music), [[contemporary classical music]] (including [[Electronic art music]], [[Experimental music]] and [[Minimalist music]]). Art music may also include certain forms of [[Jazz]] (even though jazz is primarily a form of popular music).


===Muzik pop===
===Muzik pop===
{{main|Muzik pop}}
{{main|Muzik pop}}


Muzik pop ialah pengungkapan [[budaya pop]].
Popular music is the musical expression of [[popular culture]]


The usual stereotype of "popular music" is [[music]] belonging to any of a number of musical styles that are accessible to the [[mainstream|general public]] and are disseminated by one or more of the [[mass media]]. For a critical introduction, see the work of Richard Middleton (e.g. ''Studying Popular Music'' 1998) and Starr/Waterman ''American Popular Music'' (2004)
The usual stereotype of "popular music" is [[music]] belonging to any of a number of musical styles that are accessible to the [[mainstream|general public]] and are disseminated by one or more of the [[mass media]]. For a critical introduction, see the work of Richard Middleton (e.g. ''Studying Popular Music'' 1998) and Starr/Waterman ''American Popular Music'' (2004)
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* '''[[Culture|Cultural basis]]''': The music derives from and is part of the traditions of a particular region or culture.
* '''[[Culture|Cultural basis]]''': The music derives from and is part of the traditions of a particular region or culture.


===Regional and national music===
===Muzik kawasan dan negara===
It is possible to categorize music geographically. For example, the term "Australian music" could include Australian rock music, Australian traditional music in the European style (eg. Waltzing Matilda), Aboriginal Australian music, Australian classical music, and Australian Jazz.
It is possible to categorize music geographically. For example, the term "Australian music" could include Australian rock music, Australian traditional music in the European style (eg. Waltzing Matilda), Aboriginal Australian music, Australian classical music, and Australian Jazz.


===Fusional origins===
===Asal pergabungan===
In the West, nearly all music except [[Traditional music]] has a fusional origin.
In the West, nearly all music except [[Traditional music]] has a fusional origin.


Semakan pada 15:27, 5 Oktober 2009

Genre muzik ialah binaan kategori dan tipologi yang mengenal pasti bunyi-bunyi muzik sebagai tergolong dalam sesuatu kategori dan jenis muzik yang dapat dibezakan daripada jenis muzik yang lain.

Terdapat banyak pendekatan terhadap genre. Dalam bukunya, Form in Tonal Music (Bentuk dalam Muzik Tonal), Douglass M. Green menyenaraikan madrigal, motet, kanzona, ricercar, dan tarian sebagai contoh genre daripada Zaman Pembaharuan Eropah. Menurutnya, "Op. 61 Beethoven dan Op. 64 Mendelssohn tergolong dalam genre yang sama — kedua-duanya merupakan konserto — tetapi memiliki bentuk yang berbeza. Sebaliknya, kedua-dua Rondo untuk Piano, K. 511, dan Agnus Dei daripada Mass, K. 317 Mozart agak berbeza genrenya tetapi kebetulan mempunyai bentuk yang sama".[1]

Sesetengah orang menganggap kedua-dua istilah "genre" dan "gaya" sebagai sama sahaja dan menyatakan bahawa genre harus ditakrifkan sebagai buah-buah muzik yang berkongsi sesuatu "gaya" atau "bahasa muzik asas".[2] Sebaliknya, ada juga yang menyatakan bahawa "genre" dan "gaya" merupakan dua buah istilah yang berbeza, dengan ciri sekunder seperti kandungan juga dapat membezakan genre.[3] Sesuatu genre (atau subgenre) muzik juga dapat ditentukan menerusi teknik, gaya, konteks, dan temanya (kandungan, semangat). Asal geografi kekadang juga dapat dipergunakan untuk menentukan genre muzik, walaupun setiap kategori geografi tunggal biasanya merangkumi berbagai-bagai subgenre.

Dalam eseinya yang berjudul "Genres, Subgenres, Sub-Subgenres and More" (Genre, Subgenre, Sub-Subgenre dan Lanjut",[4] Kembrew McLeod mencadangkan bahawa dalam bidang muzik elektronik:

"pemberian nama subgenre baharu dapat dikaitkan kepada pelbagai pengaruh, seperti sifat muzik yang berkembang dengan pesat dan budaya pengguna terpecut, serta juga sinergi yang dibentuk oleh kedua-dua strategi pemasaran syarikat rakaman dan gembar-gembur majalah muzik. Pengambilan muzik kelompok minoriti secara langsung oleh kelas menengah atas dan kelas menengah orang putih di Amerika Syarikat dan Great Britain juga memainkan sebahagian peranan, dengan proses pemberian nama yang pesat dan berterusan dalam subbudaya muzik elektronik/tarian juga bertindak sebagai mekanisme penjaga pintu."


Kategorian

Senarai genre muzik (termasuk subgenre) boleh didapati di Senarai genre muzik. Bagaimanapun, adanya sebilangan kriteria yang dapat digunakan untuk mengelaskan genre muzik, termasuk:

  • Perbezaan Seni/Pop/Tradisional;
  • Perbezaan kawasan dan negara;
  • Asal pergabungan.

Muzik seni

Rencana utama: Muzik seni

Musik seni ialah pengungkapan muzik budaya tinggi. Terutamanya, ia merujuk kepada muzik klasik, termasuk muzik klasik Eropah atau lain-lain yang tersenarai dalam Senarai gaya muzik klasik (termasuk muzik klasik bukan Eropah]], muzik klasik kontemporari (termasuk muzik seni elektronik, muzik uji kaji, dan muzik minimalisme). Muzik seni juga boleh merangkumi sesetengah bentuk jaz (walaupun jaz terutamanya merupakan sejenis bentuk muzik pop.)

Muzik pop

Rencana utama: Muzik pop

Muzik pop ialah pengungkapan budaya pop.

The usual stereotype of "popular music" is music belonging to any of a number of musical styles that are accessible to the general public and are disseminated by one or more of the mass media. For a critical introduction, see the work of Richard Middleton (e.g. Studying Popular Music 1998) and Starr/Waterman American Popular Music (2004)

Muzik tradisional

Rencana utama: Muzik tradisional

Traditional music is the musical expression of Traditional culture.

Traditional music is the modern name for what used to be called "Folk music", before the term "Folk music" was expanded to include a lot of non-traditional material. The defining characteristics of traditional music are:

  • Oral transmission: The music is passed down, or learned, through singing and listening and sometimes dancing
  • Cultural basis: The music derives from and is part of the traditions of a particular region or culture.

Muzik kawasan dan negara

It is possible to categorize music geographically. For example, the term "Australian music" could include Australian rock music, Australian traditional music in the European style (eg. Waltzing Matilda), Aboriginal Australian music, Australian classical music, and Australian Jazz.

Asal pergabungan

In the West, nearly all music except Traditional music has a fusional origin.

A fusion genre is a music genre that combines two or more genres. For example, rock and roll originally developed as a fusion of blues, gospel and country music. The main characteristics of fusion genres are variations in tempo, rhythm and sometimes the use of long musical "journeys" that can be divided into smaller parts, each with their own dynamics, style and tempo.

Artists who work in fusion genres are often difficult to categorise within non-fusion styles. Most styles of fusion music are influenced by various musical genres. While there are many reasons for this, the main reason is that most genres evolved out of other genres. When the new genre finally identifies itself as separate, there is often a large gray area in which musicians are left. These artists generally consider themselves part of both genres. A musician who plays music that is dominantly blues, influenced by rock, is often labelled a blues-rock musician. The first genre is the one from which the new one evolved. The second genre is the newer and less-dominant genre in the artist's playing. An example of a blues-rock group would be Stevie Ray Vaughan and Double Trouble. Vaughan, a Texas blues guitarist, surrounded by a world in which rock was dominating music, used rock and blues together.

Aversi terhadap genre yang lain

Banyak orang mengalami aversi yang teruk terhadap genre-genre yang amat berbeza daripada apa yang lebih disukai mereka.

Rujukan

  1. ^ Green, Douglass M. (1965). Form in Tonal Music. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, Inc. m/s. 1. ISBN 0030202868. Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (bantuan)
  2. ^ van der Merwe, Peter (1989). Origins of the Popular Style: The Antanddececedents of Twentieth-Century Popular Music. Oxford: Clarendon Press. m/s. 3. ISBN 0-19-316121-4. Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (bantuan)
  3. ^ Moore, Allan F. "Categorical Conventions in Music Discourse: Style and Genre" Music & Letters, Vol. 82, No. 3 (Aug., 2001), pp. 432-442
  4. ^ McLeod, Kembrew (2001). "Genres, Sub-Genres, Sub-Sub-Genres, etc.: Sub-Genre Naming In Electronic/Dance Music". JOURNAL OF POPULAR MUSIC STUDIES (13): 59–75. |access-date= requires |url= (bantuan)
  • "Genre." The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians. Grove Music Online.
  • Holt, Fabian (2007). Genre in Popular Music. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (bantuan)
  • Negus, Keith (1999). Music Genres and Corporate Cultures. New York: Routledge. ISBN 041517399X. Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (bantuan)

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