Limau gedang

Limau gedang
	Sebiji limau gedang; dengan ulas dan belahan.
Pengelasan saintifik
Alam:	Plantae
(tanpa pangkat):	Tracheophyta
(tanpa pangkat):	Angiospermae
(tanpa pangkat):	Eudikotiledon
(tanpa pangkat):	Rosids
Order:	Sapindales
Keluarga:	Rutaceae
Genus:	Citrus
Spesies:	C. × paradisi
Nama binomial
	Citrus × paradisi; Macfad.

Limau gedang (Jawi: ‏لیماو ݢدڠ‎code: ms is deprecated ‎ , nama botani: Citrus × paradisi) ialah pokok limau subtropika dikenali dengan buahnya yang besar atau "gedang"^[1] dengan isi yang masam hingga separuh manis agak pahit.^[2] Buah ini berasal dari Barbados kacukan buah oren dan buah limau bali yang diperkenalkan dari Asia pada abad ke-17.^[3]

Gambaran[sunting | sunting sumber]

Pokok limau ini malar hijau, ia biasanya tumbuh mencapai ketinggian 5–6 meter. Namun, ada juga pokok yang boleh tumbuh setinggi 13–15 m.^[2] Daunnya panjang (sehingga 15 sentimeter), nipis dan berwarna hijau terang.

Bunga yang dihasilkan berkelopak empat putih berukuran 5 sm. Buahnya berbentuk sfera jingga-kekuningan berdiameter dari 10 hingga 15 sm. Isi buahnya bersegmen and berasid dengan warnanya berbeza mengikut kultivar dari putih, merah jambu hingga ke merah dengan tahap kemanisan yang berbeza (secara umumnya, isi buah yang merah akan lebih manis rasanya).^[2] Kultivar limau gedang yang pertama kali dipatenkan adalah "1929 US Ruby Red" (daripada jenis Redblush).

Pengeluaran[sunting | sunting sumber]

Pada tahun 2019, pengeluaran limau gedang dan limau bali sebanyak 9.3 juta tan metrik, didahului China dengan 53% jumlah pengeluaran sedunia, ia disusuli oleh Vietnam, Amerika Syarikat dan Mexico.^[4]

Pengeluaran limau gedang tahun 2019
Negara	Pengeluaran (juta tan metrik)
Republik Rakyat China	4.9
Vietnam	0.8
Amerika Syarikat	0.5
Mexico	0.5
Afrika Selatan	0.4
Dunia	9.3
Sumber: Pangkalan Data Statisikal Korporat Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu^[4]

Rujukan[sunting | sunting sumber]

^ "gedang". Kamus Dewan (ed. ke-4). Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Malaysia. 2017.
^ ^a ^b ^c Morton, Julia Frances (1987). "Grapefruit, Citrus paradisi". Fruits of Warm Climates. NewCROP, New Crop Resource Online Program, Center for New Crops and Plant Products, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University. m/s. 152–158. ISBN 978-0-9610184-1-2. OCLC 16947184.
^ Carrington, Sean; Fraser, HenryC (2003). "Grapefruit". A~Z of Barbados Heritage. Macmillan Caribbean. m/s. 90–91. ISBN 0-333-92068-6. One of many citrus species grown in Barbados. This fruit is believed to have originated in Barbados as a natural cross between sweet orange (C. sinesis) and Shaddock (C. grandis), both of which were introduced from Asia in the seventeenth century. The grapefruit first appeared as an illustration entitled 'The Forbidden Fruit Tree' in the Rev. Griffith Hughes' The Natural History of Barbados (1750). This accords with the scientific name which literally is 'citrus of paradise'. The fruit was obviously fairly common around that time since George Washington in his Barbados Journal (1750-1751) mentions 'the Forbidden Fruit' as one of the local fruit available at a dinner party he attended. The plant was later described in the 1837 Flora of Jamaica as the Barbados Grapefruit. The historical arguments and experimental work on leaf enzymes and oils from possible parents all support a Barbadian origin for the fruit.
^ ^a ^b "Grapefruit production in 2019, Crops/Regions/World list/Production Quantity (pick lists)". Pangkalan Data Statisikal Korporat Pertubuhan Makanan dan Pertanian. 2020. Dicapai pada 23 Julai 2022.

[1] "gedang". Kamus Dewan (ed. ke-4). Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Malaysia. 2017.

[morton-2] Morton, Julia Frances (1987). "Grapefruit, Citrus paradisi". Fruits of Warm Climates. NewCROP, New Crop Resource Online Program, Center for New Crops and Plant Products, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University. m/s. 152–158. ISBN 978-0-9610184-1-2. OCLC 16947184.

[Carrington_&_Fraser-3] Carrington, Sean; Fraser, HenryC (2003). "Grapefruit". A~Z of Barbados Heritage. Macmillan Caribbean. m/s. 90–91. ISBN 0-333-92068-6. One of many citrus species grown in Barbados. This fruit is believed to have originated in Barbados as a natural cross between sweet orange (C. sinesis) and Shaddock (C. grandis), both of which were introduced from Asia in the seventeenth century. The grapefruit first appeared as an illustration entitled 'The Forbidden Fruit Tree' in the Rev. Griffith Hughes' The Natural History of Barbados (1750). This accords with the scientific name which literally is 'citrus of paradise'. The fruit was obviously fairly common around that time since George Washington in his Barbados Journal (1750-1751) mentions 'the Forbidden Fruit' as one of the local fruit available at a dinner party he attended. The plant was later described in the 1837 Flora of Jamaica as the Barbados Grapefruit. The historical arguments and experimental work on leaf enzymes and oils from possible parents all support a Barbadian origin for the fruit.

[fao-4] "Grapefruit production in 2019, Crops/Regions/World list/Production Quantity (pick lists)". Pangkalan Data Statisikal Korporat Pertubuhan Makanan dan Pertanian. 2020. Dicapai pada 23 Julai 2022.

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