Orogeni

Orogeni ialah proses pembinaan gunung yang berlangsung pada pinggir keping tumpu apabila gerakan keping memampat pinggir. Jalur orogeni atau orogen membentuk apabila keping termampat merenyuk dan dijulungkan untuk membentuk satu atau lebih banjaran gunung. Ini melibatkan siri proses geologi yang dipanggil bersama orogenesis. Ini termasuk kedua-dua canggaan struktur kerak benua sedia ada dan penciptaan kerak benua baharu melalui volkanisme. Magma menaik di orogen membawa bahan kurang tumpat ke atas sambil meninggalkan bahan lebih tumpat di belakang, mengakibatkan pembezaan gubahan litosfera Bumi (kerak dan mantel teratas).^[1]^[2] Proses atau peristiwa sinorogenik (atau sinkinematik) ialah satu yang berlaku semasa orogeni.^[3]

Rujukan

^ Waltham, Tony (2009). Foundations of Engineering Geology (ed. 3rd). Taylor & Francis. m/s. 20. ISBN 978-0-415-46959-3.
^ Kearey, Philip; Klepeis, Keith A.; Vine, Frederick J. (2009). "Chapter 10: Orogenic belts". Global Tectonics (ed. 3rd). Wiley-Blackwell. m/s. 287. ISBN 978-1-4051-0777-8.
^ Allaby, Michael (2013). "synorogenic". A dictionary of geology and earth sciences (ed. Fourth). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199653065.

Bacaan lanjut

Harms; Brady; Cheney (2006). "Exploring the Proterozoic Big Sky Orogeny in Southwest Montana". 19th annual Keck symposium.
Kevin Jones (2003). Mountain Building in Scotland: Science : A Level 3 Course Series. Open University Worldwide Ltd. ISBN 978-0-7492-5847-4. provides a detailed history of a number of orogens, including the Caledonian Orogeny, which lasted from the late Cambrian to the Devonian, with the main collisional events occurring during Ordovician and Silurian times.
Tom McCann, penyunting (2008). Precambrian and Palaeozoic. The Geology of Central Europe. 1. Geological Society of London. ISBN 978-1-86239-245-8. is one of a two-volume exposition of the geology of central Europe with a discussion of major orogens.
Suzanne Mahlburg Kay; Víctor A. Ramos; William R. Dickinson, penyunting (2009). Backbone of the Americas: Shallow Subduction, Plateau Uplift, and Ridge and Terrane Collision; Memoir 204. Geological Society of America. ISBN 978-0-8137-1204-8. Evolution of the Cordilleras of the Americas from a multidisciplinary perspective from a symposium held in Mendoza, Argentina (2006).

Pautan luar

Templat:Structural geology

[Waltham-1] Waltham, Tony (2009). Foundations of Engineering Geology (ed. 3rd). Taylor & Francis. m/s. 20. ISBN 978-0-415-46959-3.

[Vine-2] Kearey, Philip; Klepeis, Keith A.; Vine, Frederick J. (2009). "Chapter 10: Orogenic belts". Global Tectonics (ed. 3rd). Wiley-Blackwell. m/s. 287. ISBN 978-1-4051-0777-8.

[3] Allaby, Michael (2013). "synorogenic". A dictionary of geology and earth sciences (ed. Fourth). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199653065.

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