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Dalam fizik , pemalar fizik merupakan kuantiti fizikal yang dipercayai mempunyai nilai sejagat yang tetap (malar). Ia dikira daripada kuantiti fizikal yang lain.
Contohnya, cas asas, e mempunyai nilai 1.602 176 487 × 10-19 C .
Kuantiti Simbol Nilai Ketakpastian relatif piawai
impedans vakum berciri
Z
0
=
μ
0
c
{\displaystyle Z_{0}=\mu _{0}c\,}
376.730 313 461... Ω ditakrif
pemalar elektrik (ketelusan vakum)
ϵ
0
=
1
/
(
μ
0
c
2
)
{\displaystyle \epsilon _{0}=1/(\mu _{0}c^{2})\,}
8.854 187 817... × 10-12 F·m-1 ditakrif
pemalar magnet (ketelusan vakum)
μ
0
{\displaystyle \mu _{0}\,}
4π × 10-7 N·A-2 = 1.256 637 061... × 10-6 N·A-2 ditakrif
pemalar graviti
G
{\displaystyle G\,}
6.67428(67) × 10-11 m3 ·kg-1 ·s-2 1.0 × 10-4
pemalar Planck
h
{\displaystyle h\,}
6.626 068 96(33) × 10-34 J·s 5.0 × 10-8
pemalar Dirac (pemalar Planck terturun)
ℏ
=
h
/
(
2
π
)
{\displaystyle \hbar =h/(2\pi )}
1.054 571 628(53) × 10-34 J·s 5.0 × 10-8
kelajuan cahaya di vakum
c
{\displaystyle c\,}
299 792 458 m·s-1 ditakrif
Kuantiti Simbol Nilai1 (SI ) Ketakpastian relatif piawai
unit jisim atom
m
u
=
1
u
{\displaystyle m_{u}=1\ u\,}
1.660 538 86(28) × 10-27 kg 1.7 × 10-7
pemalar Avogadro
N
A
,
L
{\displaystyle N_{A},L\,}
6.022 1415(10) × 1023 1.7 × 10-7
pemalar Boltzmann
k
=
R
/
N
A
{\displaystyle k=R/N_{A}\,}
1.380 6505(24) × 10-23 J·K-1 1.8 × 10-6
pemalar Faraday
F
=
N
A
e
{\displaystyle F=N_{A}e\,}
96 485.3383(83)C·mol-1 8.6 × 10-8
pemalar sinaran pertama
c
1
=
2
π
h
c
2
{\displaystyle c_{1}=2\pi hc^{2}\,}
3.741 771 38(64) × 10-16 W·m2 1.7 × 10-7
bagi kesinaran spektrum
c
1
L
{\displaystyle c_{1L}\,}
1.191 042 82(20) × 10-16 W · m2 sr-1 1.7 × 10-7
pemalar Loschmidt at
T
{\displaystyle T}
p
{\displaystyle p}
n
0
=
N
A
/
V
m
{\displaystyle n_{0}=N_{A}/V_{m}\,}
2.686 7773(47) × 1025 m-3 1.8 × 10-6
pemalar gas
R
{\displaystyle R\,}
8.314 472(15) J·K-1 ·mol-1 1.7 × 10-6
pemalar Planck molar
N
A
h
{\displaystyle N_{A}h\,}
3.990 312 716(27) × 10-10 J · s · mol-1 6.7 × 10-9
isi padu molar gas ideal at
T
{\displaystyle T}
p
{\displaystyle p}
V
m
=
R
T
/
p
{\displaystyle V_{m}=RT/p\,}
22.710 981(40) × 10-3 m3 ·mol-1 1.7 × 10-6
pada
T
{\displaystyle T}
p
{\displaystyle p}
22.413 996(39) × 10-3 m3 ·mol-1 1.7 × 10-6
pemalar Sackur-Tetrode at
T
{\displaystyle T}
p
{\displaystyle p}
S
0
/
R
=
5
2
{\displaystyle S_{0}/R={\frac {5}{2}}}
+
ln
[
(
2
π
m
u
k
T
/
h
2
)
3
/
2
k
T
/
p
]
{\displaystyle +\ln \left[(2\pi m_{u}kT/h^{2})^{3/2}kT/p\right]}
-1.151 7047(44) 3.8 × 10-6
pada
T
{\displaystyle T}
p
{\displaystyle p}
-1.164 8677(44) 3.8 × 10-6
pemalar sinaran kedua
c
2
=
h
c
/
k
{\displaystyle c_{2}=hc/k\,}
1.438 7752(25) × 10-2 m·K 1.7 × 10-6
pemalar Stefan-Boltzmann
σ
=
(
π
2
/
60
)
k
4
/
ℏ
3
c
2
{\displaystyle \sigma =(\pi ^{2}/60)k^{4}/\hbar ^{3}c^{2}}
5.670 400(40) × 10-8 W·m-2 ·K-4 7.0 × 10-6
pemalar hukum sesaran Wien
b
=
(
h
c
/
k
)
/
{\displaystyle b=(hc/k)/\,}
2.897 7685(51) × 10-3 m · K 1.7 × 10-6
Kuantiti Simbol Nilai (SI ) Ketakpastian relatif piawai
pemalar Josephson2
K
J
−
90
{\displaystyle K_{J-90}\,}
483 597.9 × 109 Hz · V-1 ditakrif
pemalar von Klitzing3
R
K
−
90
{\displaystyle R_{K-90}\,}
25 812.807 Ω ditakrif
jisim molar pemalar
M
u
=
M
(
12
C
)
/
12
{\displaystyle M_{u}=M(\,^{12}{\mbox{C}})/12}
1 × 10-3 kg · mol-1 ditakrif
bagi karbon -12
M
(
12
C
)
=
N
A
m
(
12
C
)
{\displaystyle M(\,^{12}{\mbox{C}})=N_{A}m(\,^{12}{\mbox{C}})}
12 × 10-3 kg · mol−1 ditakrif
pecutan graviti
g
n
{\displaystyle g_{n}\,\!}
9.806 65 m·s-2 ditakrif
atmosfera piawai
atm
{\displaystyle {\mbox{atm}}\,}
101 325 Pa ditakrif
![{\displaystyle +\ln \left[(2\pi m_{u}kT/h^{2})^{3/2}kT/p\right]}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f620d502b24516f88ec1e1637e8a13ef534f127f)
