Presiden Colombia
| Presiden Colombia | |
|---|---|
| Presidente de Colombia | |
.svg) | |
 Jata Presiden | |
| Anggota bagi | Executive Branch of Colombia (en)  dan Council of Ministers of Colombia (en)  |
| Bidang kuasa | Colombia |
| Institusi | Government of Colombia (en) |
| Kediaman | Casa de Nariño |
| Tempoh jawatan | 1 penggal (4 tahun) |
| Penjawat sulung | Simón Bolívar |
| Dibentuk | 17 Disember 1819 |
| Timbalan/naib | Timbalan Presiden Colombia |
| Gaji | $USD250,000.00 |
| Senarai | List of presidents of Colombia (en) |
| Tapak web | The Presidency |
sunting · sunting di Wikidata | |
Presiden Colombia merupakan ketua negara dan ketua eksekutif kerajaan di Colombia. Jawatan presiden diwujudkan pada Disember 1819 melalui Kongres Angostura. Presiden Colombia yang pertama ialah Jeneral Simón Bolívar,[1] menjawat jawatan pada tahun 1819. Pada asalnya, beliau mengisytiharkan dirinya sendiri sebagai presiden dan kemudiannya diakui oleh kongres. Presiden terkini ialah Iván Duque Márquez, menjawat sejak 7 Ogos 2018.
Fungsi
[sunting | sunting sumber]Mengikut Artikel 188 Perlembagaan Colombia tahun 1991, Presiden Colombia merupakan ketua negara, ketua eksekutif kerajaan dan ketua pihak berkuasa tertinggi. Presiden Colombia juga merupakan simbol pepaduan nasional selepas mengangkat sumpah mengikut Perlembagaan Colombia untuk mempertahan dan melindungi undang-undang negara dan beliau akan menjamin hak kebebasan untuk semua warganegara Colombia.[2]
Jabatan pentadbiran Presiden Colombia merupakan sebuah Suruhanjaya yang membantu atau menyokong Presiden Colombia mengikut mandat yang disahkan oleh Perlembagaan Colombia.[3]
Artikel 115 menyatakan Kerajaan Colombia diketuai oleh Presiden, Naib Presiden, Majlis Menteri Republic Colombia dan Ketua Pengarah Pihak Berkuasa Tempatan (PBT) Colombia.
Lain-lain akta bagi Presiden Colombia hendaklah dipersetujui oleh para menteri atau ketua pengarah jabatan-jabatan kerajaan. Selain itu, Presiden juga berhak untuk memecat para menteri, pihak berkuasa tempatan termasuk Gabenor Colombia, Datuk Bandar Colombia, Penguatkuasa Wilayah Colombia, pertubuhan awam (NGO) dan perusahaan milik negara (GLC) dan perindustrian (GLiC) semuanya adalah sebahagian dari cabang eksekutif Colombia
Penggal pentadbiran dan pilihan raya
[sunting | sunting sumber]Presiden dan Naib Presiden akan dipilih untuk tempoh satu penggal setiap 4 tahun melalui pilihan raya Presiden Colombia. Pilihan raya semula tidak diadakan sehingga 24 November 2005 apabila ahli Kongres meluluskan Undang-undang Jaminan Pilihan raya yang meminda Artikel 152 Akta Perlembagaan tahun 1991. Pilihan raya kali ini lebih diadili dengan lebih telus, terbuka, bersih dan adil. Kesemua calon yang bertanding akan dinilai dengan menyertai dari parti politik yang sah di Colombia[4]
Pada tahun 2010, Perlembagaan Colombia menolak permohonan referendum untuk membenarkan sesorang presiden boleh memegang jawatan tersebut bagi tiga penggal. Sebelum ini, seseorang presiden hanya dibenarkan menjabat jawatan tersebut selama dua penggal sahaja sekalipun mereka yang dipilih itu dari kalangan pentadbir bukan eksekutif di Colombia.
Kelayakan menjadi Presiden
[sunting | sunting sumber]Naib Presiden
[sunting | sunting sumber]Naib Presiden Colombia merupakan jawatan paling utama untuk seseorang dilantik menjadi presiden yang baharu apabila presiden sedia ada disahkan meninggal dunia, meletakkan jawatan atau dilucutkan jawatan sebagai presiden mengikut Artikel 202 Akta Perlembagaan tahun 1991.
Perlantikkan tambahan sebagai presiden
[sunting | sunting sumber]Jika kedua-dua orang Presiden dan Naib Presiden tiada, mengikut Artikel 203 Akta Perlembagaan tahun 1991 menyatakan jawatan presiden akan memilih dari kalangan para menteri yang diluluskan oleh undang-undang negara. Syarat utamanya ialah para menteri tersebut hendaklah sama kumpulan parti dengan presiden sedia ada sebelum Kongres meluluskan perlantikkan tersebut dalam masa 30 hari pengosongan kerusi ketua negara tersebut. Selepas perlantikkan tersebut, pemilihan Naib Presiden akan dilaksanakan dengan kadar segera bagi memenuhi kerusi pentadbiran di Colombia.
Barisan kepimpinan
[sunting | sunting sumber]| No. | Pejabat | Nama |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Naib Presiden Colombia | Oscar Naranjo |
| — | Menteri Dalaman Colombia | Guillermo Rivera Flórez |
| — | Menteri Luar Colombia | María Ángela Holguín |
| — | Menteri Kewangan Colombia | Mauricio Cárdenas Santamaría |
| — | Menteri Perundangan Colombia | Enrique Gil Botero |
| — | Menteri Pertahanan Colombia | Luis Carlos Villegas |
| 2 | Menteri Pertanian dan Pembangunan Colombia | Aurelio Iragorri Valencia |
| — | Menteri Kesihatan dan Perlindungan Sosial Colombia | Alejandro Gaviria Uribe |
| — | Menteri Buruh Colombia | Griselda Restrepo |
| — | Menteri Sumber asli dan Tenaga Colombia | Germán Arce Zapata |
| 3 | Menteri Pelancongan, Industri dan Komoditi Colombia | Maria Claudia Lacouture |
| 4 | Menteri Pendidikan Colombia | Yaneth Giha Tovar |
| — | Menteri Persekitaran dan Pembangunan Wilayah Colombia | Luis Gilberto Murillo |
| — | Menteri Perumahan, Bandar dan Wilayah Colombia | Elsa Noguera |
| — | Menteri Teknologi dam Komunikasi Colombia | David Luna Sánchez |
| 5 | Menteri Pengangkutan Colombia | Jorge Rojas Giraldo |
| — | Menteri Kebidayaan Colombia | Mariana Garcés Córdoba |
Lists of presidents
[sunting | sunting sumber]Republic of Colombia (1819–1831)
[sunting | sunting sumber].svg){kind=small} • Republic of Colombia • .svg){kind=small}
| ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. [n 1] |
President | Took office | Left office | Party | Term [n 1] |
Vice President | Acting Presidents[n 2] | |
| 1 | 
|
Simón Bolívar y Palacios [5] |
15 February 1819 | 4 May 1830 [n 3] |
no party | (1819) | Francisco Antonio Zea Díaz (16 February 1819–21 March 1820)[n 3] |
Francisco de Paula Santander y Omaña (13 December 1821–14 November 1826) Estanislao Vergara y Santamaría (10 November 1829–10 December 1829) |
| 1 (1819) | ||||||||
| Juan Germán Roscio Nieves (21 March 1820–10 March 1821)[n 4] | ||||||||
| vacant (10 March 1821–4 April 1821) | ||||||||
| Antonio Nariño y Álvarez (4 April 1821–6 June 1821)[n 3] | ||||||||
| José María del Castillo y Rada (6 June 1821–3 October 1821) | ||||||||
| 2 (1821) |
Francisco de Paula Santander y Omaña (3 October 1821–27 August 1828) | |||||||
| 3 (1826) |
Francisco de Paula Santander y Omaña (3 October 1821–27 August 1828) | |||||||
| vacant (27 August 1828– 4 May 1830) | ||||||||
| 2 | 
|
Joaquín de Mosquera y Arboleda [6] |
4 May 1830 | 4 September 1830 | no party | 4 (1830) |
Domingo Caycedo y Sanz de Santamaría (4 May 1830–4 September 1830) |
Domingo Caycedo y Sanz de Santamaría (4 May 1830–15 June 1830) (2 August 1830–18 August 1830) |
| 3 | 
|
Rafael Urdaneta y Faría [7] |
4 September 1830 [n 5] |
30 April 1831 | no party | suspended (4 September 1830–30 April) |
||
| vacant | 30 April 1831 | 10 March 1832 | no party | Domingo Caycedo y Sanz de Santamaría (30 April 1831–21 November 1831) | ||||
| José María Obando del Campo (21 November–10 March 1832) | ||||||||
| 4 | 
|
Francisco de Paula Santander y Omaña [8] |
10 March 1832 | 1 April 1837 | no party | 5 (1832) |
José Ignacio de Márquez Barreto (10 March 1832–1 April 1833) |
José Ignacio de Márquez Barreto (10 March 1832–7 October 1832) |
Republic of New Granada (1832 -1858)
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Parties
Conservative Liberal Military rule
 • Republic of New Granada • 
| ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. [n 1] |
President | Took office | Left office | Party | Term [n 1] |
Vice President | Acting Presidents[n 2] | |
| 4 |
|
Francisco de Paula Santander y Omaña (1792–1840) [9] |
10 March 1832 | 1 April 1837 | no party | (1832) | José Ignacio de Márquez Barreto (10 March 1832–1 April 1833) |
José Ignacio de Márquez Barreto (10 March 1832–7 October 1832) |
| 1 (1833) |
Joaquín Mariano Mosquera y Arboleda (1 April 1833–1 April 1835) | |||||||
| José Ignacio de Márquez Barreto (1 April 1835–1 April 1837) | ||||||||
| 5 | 
|
José Ignacio de Márquez Barreto (1793–1880) [10] |
1 April 1837 | 1 April 1841 | no party (Ministerials) |
2 (1837) |
vacant (1 April 1837–1 April 1839) |
|
| Domingo Caycedo y Sanz de Santamaría (1 April 1839–1 April 1843) | ||||||||
| 6 | 
|
Pedro Alcántara Herrán Martínez (1800–1872) [11] |
1 April 1841 | 1 April 1845 | no party (Ministerials) |
3 (1841) |
Juan de Dios Aranzazu González (5 July 1841–19 May 1842) | |
| Joaquín José Gori y Álvarez de Castro (1 April 1843–1 April 1847) | ||||||||
| 7 | Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera y Arboleda (1798–1878) [12] |
1 April 1845 | 1 April 1849 | no party (Ministerials) |
4 (1845) |
Rufino Cuervo y Barreto (14 August 1847–14 December 1847) | ||
| Rufino Cuervo y Barreto (1 April 1847–1 April 1851) | ||||||||
| 8 | 
|
José Hilario López Valdéz (1798–1869) [13] |
1 April 1849 | 1 April 1853 | Liberal | 5 (1849) |
||
| José de Obaldía y Orejuela (1 April 1851–1 April 1855) | ||||||||
| 9 | 
|
José María Obando del Campo (1795–1861) [14] |
1 April 1853 | 17 April 1854 | Liberal | 6 (1853) |
||
| 10 | 
|
José María Melo y Ortiz (1800–1860) [15] |
17 April 1854 [n 5] |
4 December 1854 | no party (Military) | Francisco Antonio Obregón Muñoz (20 May 1854–2 June 1854) | ||
| 11 | vacant | 4 December 1854 | 1 April 1857 | José de Obaldía y Orejuela (5 August 1854–1 April 1855) Manuel María Mallarino Ibargüen (1 April 1855–1 April 1857) | ||||
| Manuel María Mallarino Ibargüen (1 April 1855–1 April 1859) | ||||||||
| 12 | 
|
Mariano Ospina Rodríguez (1805–1885) [16] |
1 April 1857 | 1 April 1861 | Conservative | 7 (1857) |
||
| [n 6] | ||||||||
Granadine Confederation (1858–1863)
[sunting | sunting sumber]| ruary 1862) | Julio Arboleda Pombo (10 July 1861–18 July 1861) Ignacio Gutiérrez Vergara (18 July 1861–18 January 1862) Leonardo Canal González (18 July 1861–6 November 1862) Manuel del Río y de Narváez (6 November 1862–13 January 1863) |
United States of Colombia (1863–1886)
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Parties
 • United States of Colombia • 
| ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | President | Took office | Left office | Party | Term | Vice President[n 7] | Acting Presidents | |
| 16 | Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera y Arboleda (1798–1878) [12] |
14 May 1863 | 1 April 1864 | Liberal (Radical) |
(1860) | Juan Agustín de Uricoechea y Rocha (29 January 1864–28 February 1864) | ||
| 17 | 
|
Manuel Murillo Toro (1816–1880) [17] |
1 April 1864 | 1 April 1866 | Liberal (Radical) |
1 (1864) |
||
| 18 | Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera y Arboleda (1798–1878) [12] |
1 April 1866 | 23 May 1867 | Liberal (Moderate) |
2 (1866) |
José María Rojas Garrido (1 April 1866–22 May 1866) | ||
| 19 | 
|
Santos Acosta Castillo (1828–1901) [18] |
23 May 1867 [n 5] |
1 April 1868 | Liberal (Radical) |
|||
| 20 | 
|
Santos Gutiérrez Prieto (1820–1872) [19] |
1 April 1868 | 1 April 1870 | Liberal (Radical) |
3 (1868) |
Salvador Camacho Roldán (21 December 1868–2 January 1869) | |
| 21 | 
|
Eustorgio Salgar Moreno (1831–1885) [20] |
1 April 1870 | 1 April 1872 | Liberal (Radical) |
4 (1870) |
||
| 22 |
|
Manuel Murillo Toro (1816–1880) [21] |
1 April 1872 | 1 April 1874 | Liberal (Radical) |
5 (1872) |
||
| 23 | 
|
Santiago Pérez de Manosalbas (1830–1900) [22] |
1 April 1874 | 1 April 1876 | Liberal (Radical) |
6 (1874) |
||
| 24 | 
|
Aquileo Parra Gómez (1825–1900) [23] |
1 April 1876 | 1 April 1878 | Liberal (Radical) |
7 (1876) |
José Sergio Camargo Pinzón (19 May 1877–14 August 1877) Manuel María Ramírez Fortoul (22 December 1877–24 December 1877) | |
| 25 | 
|
Julián Trujillo Largacha (1828–1883) [24] |
1 April 1878 | 1 April 1880 | Liberal (Radical) |
8 (1878) |
||
| 26 | 
|
Rafael Núñez Moledo (1825–1894) [25] |
1 April 1880 | 1 April 1882 | Liberal (Independent) |
9 (1880) |
||
| 27 | 
|
Francisco Javier Zaldúa y Racines (1811–1882) [26] |
1 April 1882 | 21 December 1882 [n 4] |
Liberal (Independent) |
10 (1882) |
||
| 28 | 
|
José Eusebio Otálora Martínez (1826–1884) [27] |
21 December 1882 | 1 April 1884 | Liberal (Independent) |
Clímaco Calderón Reyes (21 December 1882– 22 December 1882) | ||
| 29 |
|
Rafael Núñez Moledo (1825–1894) [25] |
1 April 1884 | 1 April 1886 | Liberal (Independent) |
11 (1884) |
Ezequiel Hurtado Hurtado (1 April 1884– 11 August 1884) José María Campo Serrano (1 April 1886– 7 August 1886) | |
Republic of Colombia (1886 present)
[sunting | sunting sumber] • Republic of Colombia • 
| ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. [n 1] |
President | Took office | Left office | Party | Term [n 1] |
Vice President | Acting Presidents[n 2] | |
| 30 | 
|
Rafael Núñez Moledo (1825–1894) [25] |
1 April 1886 [n 8] |
18 September 1894 [n 8][n 4] |
National | (1885) | Eliseo Payán Hurtado (7 August 1886–7 August 1892) |
José María Campo Serrano (7 August 1886–5 January 1887) Eliseo Payán Hurtado (5 January 1887–4 June 1887) (12 December 1887–8 February 1888) Carlos Holguín Mallarino (7 August 1888–7 August 1892) Antonio Basilio Cuervo Urisarri (16 January 1893–17 January 1893) Miguel Antonio Caro Tobar (7 August 1892–18 September 1894) |
| 1 (1892) |
Miguel Antonio Caro Tobar (7 August 1892–18 September 1894) | |||||||
| 31 | 
|
Miguel Antonio Caro Tobar (1845–1909) [28] |
18 September 1894 | 7 August 1898 | National | vacant (18 September 1894–1 August 1898) [n 9] |
Guillermo Quintero Calderón (12 March 1896– 17 March 1896) | |
| 32 | 
|
Manuel Antonio Sanclemente Sanclemente (1814–1902) [29] |
7 August 1898 | 31 July 1900 | National | 2 (1898) |
José Manuel Marroquín Ricaurte (7 August 1898–31 July 1900) |
|
| 33 | 
|
José Manuel Marroquín Ricaurte (1827–1908) [30] |
31 July 1900 [n 5] |
7 August 1904 | Conservative | vacant (31 July 1900–7 August 1904) [n 9] |
||
| 34 | 
|
Rafael Reyes Prieto (1849–1921) [31] |
7 August 1904 | 27 July 1909 [n 3] |
Conservative | 3 (1904) |
Ramón González Valencia (7 August 1904–10 March 1905) [n 3][n 10] |
Diego Euclides de Angulo Lemos (16 March 1908– 16 April 1908) Jorge Holguín Mallarino (27 July 1909–4 August 1909) |
| [n 10] | ||||||||
| 35 | 
|
Ramón González Valencia (1851–1928) [32] |
7 August 1909 | 7 August 1910 | Conservative | [n 10] | ||
| 36 | 
|
Carlos Eugenio Restrepo Restrepo (1867–1937) [33] |
7 August 1910 | 7 August 1914 [n 11] |
Republican Union [n 12] |
4 (1910) |
[n 10] | |
| 37 | 
|
José Vicente Concha Ferreira (1867–1929) [34] |
7 August 1914 | 7 August 1918 | Conservative | 5 (1914) |
[n 10] | |
| 38 | _restored_version.jpg)
|
Marco Fidel Suárez (1855–1927) [35] |
7 August 1918 | 11 November 1921 [n 3] |
Conservative | 6 (1918) |
[n 10] | |
| 39 | 
|
Jorge Holguín Mallarino (1848–1928) [36] |
11 November 1921 | 7 August 1922 | Conservative | [n 10] | ||
| 40 | 
|
Pedro Nel Ospina Vázquez (1858–1927) [37] |
7 August 1922 | 7 August 1926 | Conservative | 7 (1922) |
[n 10] | |
| 41 | 
|
Miguel Abadía Méndez (1867–1947) [38] |
7 August 1926 | 7 August 1930 | Conservative | 8 (1926) |
[n 10] | |
| 42 | 
|
Enrique Olaya Herrera (1880–1937) [39] |
7 August 1930 | 7 August 1934 | Liberal | 9 (1930) |
[n 10] | |
| 43 | 
|
Alfonso López Pumarejo (1886–1959) [40] |
7 August 1934 | 7 August 1938 | Liberal | 10 (1934) |
[n 10] | |
| 44 | Fail:Fi 1178 Santos, Eduardo.jpg | Eduardo Santos Montejo (1888–1974) [41] |
7 August 1938 | 7 August 1942 | Liberal | 11 (1938) |
[n 10] | |
| 45 |
|
Alfonso López Pumarejo (1886–1959) [40] |
7 August 1942 | 7 August 1946 | Liberal | 12 (1942) |
[n 10] | Carlos Lozano y Lozano (9 October 1942–19 October 1942) Darío Echandía Olaya (16 May 1944–10 July 1944) Alberto Lleras Camargo (7 August 1945–7 August 1946) |
| 46 | 
|
Mariano Ospina Pérez (1891–1976) [42] |
7 August 1946 | 7 August 1950 | Conservative | 13 (1946) |
[n 10] | |
| 47 | .jpg)
|
Laureano Gómez Castro (1889–1965) [43] |
7 August 1950 | 13 June 1953 | Conservative | 14 (1949) |
[n 10] | Roberto Urdaneta Arbeláez (5 November 1951–13 June 1953) |
| 48 | 
|
Gustavo Rojas Pinilla (1900–1975) [44] |
13 June 1953 [n 5] |
10 May 1957 [n 3] |
no party (Military) | [n 10] | Gabriel París Gordillo (30 July 1955–3 August 1955) | |
(1954) | ||||||||
| 49 | Military Junta | 10 May 1957 | 7 August 1958 | no party (Military) | [n 10] | Gabriel París Gordillo Rafael Navas Pardo Deogracias Fonseca Espinosa Rubén Piedrahíta Arango Luis Ernesto Ordóñez Castillo | ||
| 50 | 
|
Alberto Lleras Camargo (1906–1990) [45] |
7 August 1958 | 7 August 1962 | Liberal [n 13] |
15 (1958) |
[n 10] | |
| 51 | 
|
Guillermo León Valencia Muñoz (1909–1971) [46] |
7 August 1962 | 7 August 1966 | Conservative [n 13] |
16 (1962) |
[n 10] | José Antonio Montalvo Berbeo (6 August 1963–8 August 1963) |
| 52 | 
|
Carlos Lleras Restrepo (1908–1994) [47] |
7 August 1966 | 7 August 1970 | Liberal [n 13] |
17 (1966) |
[n 10] | |
| 53 | 
|
Misael Pastrana Borrero (1923–1997) [48] |
7 August 1970 | 7 August 1974 | Conservative [n 13] |
18 (1970) |
[n 10] | Rafael Azuero Manchola (21 July 1973–24 July 1973) |
| 54 | 
|
Alfonso López Michelsen (1913–2007) [49] |
7 August 1974 | 7 August 1978 | Liberal | 19 (1974) |
[n 10] | Indalecio Liévano Aguirre (20 September 1975–24 September 1975) |
| 55 | Fail:CAM00051.jpg | Julio César Turbay Ayala (1916–2005) [50] |
7 August 1978 | 7 August 1982 | Liberal | 20 (1978) |
[n 10] | Víctor Mosquera Chaux (3 February 1981–11 February 1981) |
| 56 | 
|
Belisario Betancur Cuartas (1923–2018) [51][52] |
7 August 1982 | 7 August 1986 | Conservative | 21 (1982) |
[n 10] | |
| 57 | 
|
Virgilio Barco Vargas (1921–1997) [53][54] |
7 August 1986 | 7 August 1990 | Liberal | 22 (1986) |
[n 10] | |
| 58 | 
|
César Gaviria Trujillo (1947–) [55][56] |
7 August 1990 | 7 August 1994 | Liberal | 23 (1990) |
[n 10] | |
| 59 | 
|
Ernesto Samper Pizano (1950–) [57][58] |
7 August 1994 | 7 August 1998 | Liberal | 24 (1994) |
Humberto de la Calle Lombana (7 August 1994–19 September 1997) [n 10][n 3] |
Carlos Lemos Simmonds (11 January 1998–21 January 1998) |
| Carlos Lemos Simmonds (19 September 1997–7 August 1998) | ||||||||
| 60 | 
|
Andrés Pastrana Arango (1954–) [59][60] |
7 August 1998 | 7 August 2002 | Conservative | 25 (1998) |
Gustavo Adolfo Bell Lemus (7 August 1998–7 August 2002) |
|
| 61 | .jpg)
|
Álvaro Uribe Vélez (1952–) [61][62] |
7 August 2002 | 7 August 2010 [n 14] |
Colombia First | 26 (2002) |
Francisco Santos Calderón (7 August 2002–7 August 2010) |
|
| 27 (2006) | ||||||||
| 62 | 
|
Juan Manuel Santos Calderón (1951–) [63][64] |
7 August 2010 | 7 August 2018 | National Unity | 28 (2010) |
Angelino Garzón (7 August 2010–7 August 2014) |
|
| 29 (2014) |
German Vargas Lleras (7 August 2014–21 March 2017)[n 3] |
|||||||
| Óscar Naranjo (29 March 2017–7 August 2018) |
||||||||
| 63 | 
|
Iván Duque Márquez (1976–) |
7 August 2018 | Incumbent | Democratic Center | 30 (2018) |
Marta Lucía Ramírez (7 August 2018–) |
|
Bekas presiden yang masih hidup
[sunting | sunting sumber]Terdapat 5 orang tokoh yang masih hidup.
| Presiden | Tempoh | Tarikh lahir |
|---|---|---|
| Belisario Betancur Cuartas | 1982–1986 | 4 Februari 1923 |
| César Gaviria Trujillo | 1990–1994 | 31 Mac 1947 |
| Ernesto Samper Pizano | 1994–1998 | 3 Ogos 1950 |
| Andrés Pastrana Arango | 1998–2002 | 17 Ogos 1954 |
| Álvaro Uribe Vélez | 2002–2010 | 4 Julai 1952 |
| Iván Duque Márquez | 2018–2022 | 1 Ogos 1976 |
Rujukan
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ Gobernantes Colombianos, Ignacio Arismendi Posada, Interprint Editors Ltd., Italgraf, Segunda Edición, Page 15, Bogotá, Colombia, 1983
- ^ http://www.presidencia.gov.co/nuestra_enti/
- ^ http://www.presidencia.gov.co/nuestra_enti/
- ^ http://www.presidencia.gov.co/sne/2005/noviembre/25/01252005.htm
- ^ "Biography of Rafael Núñez Moledo" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Rafael Núñez Moledo" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Rafael Urdaneta" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Francisco de Paula Santander" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Francisco de Paula Santander" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of José Ignacio de Márquez" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Pedro Alcántara Herrán" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ a b c "Biography of Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of José Hilario López" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of José María Obando del Campo" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of José María Melo" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Mariano Ospina Rodríguez" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Manuel Murillo Toro" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Santos Acosta Castillo" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Santos Gutiérrez Prieto" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Eustorgio Salgar Moreno" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Manuel Murillo Toro" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Santiago Pérez de Manosalbas" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Santiago Aquileo Parra Gómez" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 13 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Julián Trujillo Largacha" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ a b c "Biography of Rafael Núñez Moledo" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Francisco Javier Zaldúa y Racines" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of José Eusebio Otálora Martínez" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Miguel Antonio Caro Tovar" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Manuel Antonio Sanclemente Sanclemente" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of José Manuel Marroquín" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Rafael Reyes Prieto" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Ramón González Valencia" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Carlos Eugenio Restrepo" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of José Vicente Concha" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Marco Fidel Suárez" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Jorge Holguín Jaramillo" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Pedro Nel Ospina Vázquez" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Miguel Abadía Méndez" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Enrique Olaya Herrera" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ a b "Biography of Alfonso López Pumarejo" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Eduardo Santos Montejo" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Mariano Ospina Pérez" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Laureano Gómez Castro" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Gustavo Rojas Pinilla" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 July 2013. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Biography of Alberto Lleras Camargo" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ "Biography of Guillermo León Valencia Muñoz" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ "Biography of Carlos Lleras Restrepo" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ "Biography of Misael Pastrana Borrero" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ "Biography of Alfonso López Michelsen" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ "Biography of Julio César Turbay Ayala" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ "Biography of Belisario Betancur Cuartas" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ "Biography of Belisario Betancur Cuartas" (dalam bahasa Spanish). Barcelona: CIDOB Foundation. 6 June 2011. Dicapai pada 16 November 2012.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ "Biography of Virgilio Barco Vargas" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ "Biography of Virgilio Barco Vargas" (dalam bahasa Spanish). Barcelona: CIDOB Foundation. 6 June 2011. Dicapai pada 16 November 2012.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ "Biography of César Gaviria Trujillo" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ "Biography of César Gaviria Trujillo" (dalam bahasa Spanish). Barcelona: CIDOB Foundation. 6 June 2011. Dicapai pada 16 November 2012.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ "Biography of Ernesto Samper Pizano" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ "Biography of Ernesto Samper Pizano" (dalam bahasa Spanish). Barcelona: CIDOB Foundation. 6 June 2011. Dicapai pada 16 November 2012.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ "Biography of Andrés Pastrana Arango" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ "Biography of Andrés Pastrana Arango" (dalam bahasa Spanish). Barcelona: CIDOB Foundation. 6 June 2011. Dicapai pada 16 November 2012.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ "Biography of Álvaro Uribe Vélez" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ "Biography of Álvaro Uribe Vélez" (dalam bahasa Spanish). Barcelona: CIDOB Foundation. 6 June 2011. Dicapai pada 16 November 2012.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ "Biography of Juan Manuel Santos Calderón" (dalam bahasa Spanish). wsp.presidencia.gov.co. Dicapai pada 15 November 2012.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ "Biography of Juan Manuel Santos Calderón" (dalam bahasa Spanish). Barcelona: CIDOB Foundation. 6 June 2011. Dicapai pada 16 November 2012.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
Pautan luar
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Presidencia de la Republica de Colombia (Sepanyol)
- Georgetown University - Requisites to be President of Colombia
- Presidencia de Colombia - Ley de Garantias Electorales
Jika anda melihat rencana yang menggunakan templat {{tunas}} ini, gantikanlah dengan templat tunas yang lebih spesifik.
Ralat petik: Tag <ref> wujud untuk kumpulan bernama "n", tetapi tiada tag <references group="n"/> yang berpadanan disertakan