Sejarah Atlantik

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Sejarah Atlantik (سجاره أطلنطيق) adalah bidang khusus dalam sejarah yang mengkaji Dunia Atlantik pada zaman moden awal. Dunia Atlantik dicipta oleh penemuan tanah baru oleh orang Eropah, dan Sejarah Atlantik adalah kajian dunia itu.[1] Ia berasaskan idea bahawa, berikutan peningkatan hubungan Eropah dengan Dunia Baru pada abad ke-16, benua-benua yang bersempadan dengan Lautan Atlantik—Amerika, Eropah, dan Afrika—merupakan sistem serantau atau llingkungan ekonomi dan pertukaran kebudayaan yang boleh dipelajari sebagai satu kesatuan. [2][3]

Tema ini adalah interaksi kompleks antara Eropah (terutama Britain, Perancis, dan Semenanjung Iberia) dan koloni Dunia Baru. Ia merangkumi pelbagai topik demografi, sosial, ekonomi, politik, undang-undang, ketenteraan, intelektual dan agama yang diperlakukan dengan cara perbandingan dengan melihat kedua-dua belah Atlantik. Kebangkitan agama mencirikan Britain dan Jerman, serta Kesedaran Besar Pertama di koloni Amerika. Migrasi dan bangsa/perhambaan menjadi topik penting.

Pengamal sejarah Atlantik biasanya menumpukan pada saling hubungan dan pertukaran antara kawasan-kawasan dan tamadun-tamadun yang mereka harungi. Khususnya, mereka berpendapat bahawa sempadan antara negara-negara yang secara tradisinya menentukan batas-batas historiografi yang lebih tua tidak boleh digunakan untuk fenomena transnasional seperti perhambaan, kolonialisme, aktiviti mubaligh dan pengembangan ekonomi. Sejarah alam sekitar dan kajian demografi sejarah juga memainkan peranan penting, kerana banyak persoalan utama dalam bidang ini berputar di sekitar kesan ekologi dan epidemiologi Pertukaran Columbus.

Lihat juga[sunting | sunting sumber]

Nota[sunting | sunting sumber]

  1. ^ Bailyn, Bernard. 2005. Atlantic History : Concept and Contours. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 2005
  2. ^ Karen Ordahl Kupperman, The Atlantic in World History (2012)
  3. ^ O'Reilly, (2004)

Bibliografi[sunting | sunting sumber]

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