Syarikat Hindia Barat Belanda

Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas.
West-Indische Compagnie
Jenis/bentuk sahTrading company Sunting ini di Wikidata
IndustriAfrican slave trade, Perdagangan hamba Atlantik, perdagangan Sunting ini di Wikidata
Ditubuhkan03 Jun 1621 (1621-06-03)
PengasasWillem Usselincx (antaranya)
Dibubarkan1792 (1792)
Ibu pejabatWest-Indisch Huis Sunting ini di Wikidata, Republik Belanda Sunting ini di Wikidata
Tokoh pentingHeeren XIX
KeluaranBulu Sunting ini di Wikidata
Syarikat indukSyarikat Hindia Timur Belanda Sunting ini di Wikidata
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Syarikat Hindia Barat Belanda (Belanda: Geoctroyeerde Westindische Compagnie, Sebutan Belanda: [ɣəʔɔktroːˈjeːrdə ʋɛstˈɪndisə kɔmpɑˈɲi] atau Belanda: WIC; Melayu: Syarikat Hindia Barat Berpiagam) merupakan syarikat berpiagam (dikenali sebagai "WIC") saudagar Belanda serta pelabur asing. Antara pengasasnya ialah Willem Usselincx (1567–1647).[1] Pada 3 Jun 1621, syarikat ini telah diberikan piagam bagi monopoli perdagangan di Hindia Barat Belanda oleh Republik Tujuh Belanda Bersatu dan diberikan kuasa ke atas penyertaan Belanda dalam perdagangan abdi Atlantik, Brazil, Caribbean, dan Amerika Utara. Kawasan syarikat itu boleh beroperasi terdiri daripada Afrika Barat (di antara Garisan Sartan dan Tanjung Harapan) dan Benua Amerika, yang termasuk Lautan Pasifik dan bahagian timur New Guinea. Tujuan piagam yang dirancang adalah untuk menyingkirkan persaingan, terutamnya Sepanyol atau Portugis, antara pelbagai pos perdagangan oleh para saudagar. Syarikat ini memainkan peranan penting dalam penjajahan Belanda di Amerika yang seketika dan besar (termasuk Belanda Baru) pada abad ketujuh belas. Dari 1624 hingga 1654, dalam konteks Perang Belanda-Portugal, WIC telah memegang wilayah Portugis di timur laut Brazil, namun mereka diusir dari Brazil Belanda berikutan penentangan yang sengit.[2]

Setelah beberapa kebalikan, WIC menyusun semula dan piagam baharu telah diberikan pada 1675, terutamanya pada kekuatan dalam perdagangan abdi Atlantik. Versi "Baharu" ini berthan selama lebih daripada seabad, sehingga selepas Perang Inggeris-Belanda Keempat, pada masa itu syarikat itu kehilangan kebanyakan asetnta.

Lihat juga[sunting | sunting sumber]

Rujukan[sunting | sunting sumber]

  1. ^ Franklin J. Jameson (1887). Willem Usselinx, Founder of the Dutch and Swedish West India Companies. Ryan Gregory University, New York.
  2. ^ Charles R. Boxer, 'The Dutch in Brazil, 1624-1654'. Oxford: Clarendon Press 1957.

Bacaan lanjut[sunting | sunting sumber]

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Pautan luar[sunting | sunting sumber]

Templat:Economic history of the Netherlands Templat:Chartered companies