Templat:LGBT rights table Europe
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Keahlian dalam Kesatuan Eropah bukan hanya memerlukan penyingkiran undang-undang anti-homoseksual, Perjanjian Amsterdam juga memerlukan undang-undang anti-perselisihan yang akan dikuatkuasakan oleh negara-negara anggotanya.[1]
Eropah Utara[sunting sumber]
| Hak LGBT di: | Kegiatan seksual sama jenis | Pengakuan hubungan | Pernikahan sama jenis | Pengangkatan anak sama jenis | Membenarkan yang gay berkhidmat secara terdedah dalam tentera? | Anti-perselisihan (Orientasi seksual) | Undang-undang mengenai pengenalan/penyataan jantina |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Denmark
|
 Sah sejak 1933 + Dekl. UN tanda. |
Sah sejak 1989
|
|
Hanya dalam kerjasama berdaftar sejak tahun 2010
|
|
Melarang semua perselisihan anti-gay[2][3]
|
|
 Estonia
|
Sah sejak 1992 + Dekl. UN tanda. |
Sah sejak 2016
|
|
Hanya pasangan berkahwinan dapat mengangkat anak
|
|
Melarang sesetengah perselisihan anti-gay[3]
|
|
 Kepulauan Faroe (negara pengundi Kerajaan Denmark)
|
Sah sejak 1933
|
|
|
|
(Denmark bertanggung jawab pada pertahanan)
|
Melarang sesetengah perselisihan anti-gay[3]
|
|
 Finland
|
Sah sejak 1971 + Dekl. UN tanda. |
Sah sejak 2002
|
(under consideration)[4]
|
/ Hanya pengangkatan anak tiri (pengangkatan anak bersama penuh dalam pertimbangan)
|
|
Melarang sesetengah perselisihan anti-gay[3]
|
|
 Greenland (constituent country of the Kingdom of Denmark)
|
Sah sejak 1933 +UN decl. sign via Denmark. |
Sah sejak 1996
|
|
/ Step-child adoption only
|
(Denmark responsible for defence)
|
Melarang sesetengah perselisihan anti-gay
|
|
 Iceland
|
Sah sejak 1940 + Dekl. UN tanda. |
Sah sejak 1996
|
Sah sejak 2010
|
Sah sejak 2006
|
N/A | Melarang semua perselisihan anti-gay<[3]
|
Perubahan jantina adalah sah dan dokumen dapat diperbaikikan pada jantina yang diakui.
|
 Ireland
|
Sah sejak 1993 + Dekl. UN tanda. |
Sah sejak 2011
|
Keputusan Mahkamah Agung menunggu keputusan
|
Orang gay tunggal dapat mengangkat anak. Pengangkatan anak tiri sedang dipertimbangkan.
|
|
Melarang semua perselisihan anti-gay<[3]
|
Penggubalan undang-undang untuk mengakui pengenalan jantina menunggu keputusan selepas Mahkamah Tinggi memerintah menggemar.
|
 Isle of Man
|
Sah sejak 1991
|
Sah sejak 2011
|
|
|
UK bertanggungjawab pada pertahanan
|
Melarang sesetengah perselisihan anti-gay
|
Akta Pengakuan Jantina 2009[1]
|
 Latvia
|
Sah sejak 1992 + Dekl. UN tanda. |
|
Constitutional ban since 2006
|
Hanya pasangan berkahwin dapat mengangkat anak
|
|
Melarang sesetengah perselisihan anti-gay
|
|
 Lithuania
|
Sah sejak 1993 + Dekl. UN tanda. |
|
Larangan perlembagaan sejak 1992
|
Hanya pasangan berkahwin dapat mengangkat anak
|
|
Melarang semua perselisihan anti-gay<[3]
|
|
 Norway
|
Sah sejak 1972 + Dekl. UN tanda. |
Sah sejak 1993
|
Sah sejak 2009
|
Sah sejak 2009
|
|
Melarang semua perselisihan anti-gay<.[3]
|
Perubahan jantina adalah sah dan dokumen boleh diubah untuk jenis kelamin yang diakui.
|
 Sweden
|
Sah sejak 1944 + Dekl. UN tanda. |
Sah sejak 1995
|
Sah sejak 2009
|
Sah sejak 2003
|
|
Melarang semua perselisihan anti-gay[2]
|
Sterilisasi dan perceraian yang diperlukan untuk perubahan jenis kelamin undang-undang.
|
 United Kingdom
|
Sah sejak 1967 in England dan Wales, 1981 di Scotland and 1982 in Northern Ireland + Dekl. UN tanda. |
Pengongsian sivil sejak 2005
|
Sah sejak 2014
|
Sah sejak 2002 in England dan Wales, 2009 di Scotland dan tidak jelas dalam Ireland Utara
|
|
Melarang semua perselisihan anti-gay<[5][2]
|
Akta Pengakuan Jantina 2004
|
Eropah Barat[sunting sumber]
| Hak LGBT di: | Kegiatan seksual sama jenis | Pengakuan hubungan | Pernikahan sama jenis | Pengangkatan anak sama jenis | Membenarkan yang gay berkhidmat secara terdedah dalam tentera? | Anti-perselisihan (Orientasi seksual) | Undang-undang mengenai pengenalan/penyataan jantina |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Belgium
|
Legal since 1795 + UN decl. sign. |
Legal since 2000
|
Legal since 2003
|
Legal since 2006
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination[3]
|
|
 France
|
Legal since 1791 + UN decl. sign. |
Pacte civil de solidarité since 1999 |
|
Single gay persons may adopt
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination[2][3]
|
|
 Guernsey (incl. Templat:Country data Alderney Alderney, Templat:Country data Herm Herm and Templat:Country data Sark Sark)
|
legal since 1983
|
|
|
|
UK responsible for defence
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination[6]
|
[6]
|
 Jersey
|
legal since 1990
|
civil partnership bill now awaiting assent
|
|
|
UK responsible for defence
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
Gender Recognition (Jersey) Law 2010[2]
|
 Luxembourg
|
Legal since 1795 + UN decl. sign. |
Legal since 2004
|
Legal since 2015
|
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
|
 Monaco
|
Legal since 1793
|
|
|
|
France responsible for defence
|
|
|
 Netherlands
|
Legal since 1811 + UN decl. sign. |
Legal since 1998
|
Legal since 2001. First country to legalise same-sex marriage.
|
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination[3]
|
|
Eropah Tengah[sunting sumber]
| Hak LGBT di: | Kegiatan seksual sama jenis | Pengakuan hubungan | Pernikahan sama jenis | Pengangkatan anak sama jenis | Membenarkan yang gay berkhidmat secara terdedah dalam tentera? | Anti-perselisihan (Orientasi seksual) | Undang-undang mengenai pengenalan/penyataan jantina |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Austria
|
Legal since 1971 + UN decl. sign. |
Registered partnership since 2010
|
|
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
|
 Croatia
|
Legal since 1977 + UN decl. sign. |
Unregistered cohabitation since 2003
|
|
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination[7][3]
|
Act on the elimination of discrimination, The Law on volunteering, Electronic media Law (all including both gender identity and gender expression)
|
 Czech Republic
|
Legal since 1962 + UN decl. sign. |
Registered partnership since 2006.
|
|
Single gay persons may adopt
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
|
 Germany
|
Legal since 1994 (since 1968 in East Germany) + UN decl. sign. |
Registered partnership since 2001
|
|
/ Step-child adoption only (full joint adoption proposed)
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
|
 Hungary
|
Legal since 1962 + UN decl. sign. |
Registered partnership since 2009
|
|
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
|
 Liechtenstein
|
Legal since 1989 + UN decl. sign. |
Pending, as of March 2011 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
 Poland
|
Never punished. Legal until 18th century, criminalized in 19th by laws of Russia, Germany and Austria-Hungary, formally legal again since 1932 + UN decl. sign. |
(proposed)
|
Constitution defines marriage as "a union of a man and a woman"[8]
|
Single gay persons may adopt
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
Sex change legal; birth certificate is amended after the reassignment surgery
|
 Slovakia
|
Legal since 1962 + UN decl. sign. |
|
|
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
|
 Slovenia
|
Legal since 1977 + UN decl. sign. |
Registered partnership since 2006
|
|
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
Sex change can be recorded in a central register, and new documents can be issued based on person's new gender identity.[9]
|
 Switzerland
|
Geneva, Vaud, Valais and Ticino: legal since 1798. Nationwide since 1942 + UN decl. sign. |
Registered partnership since 2007
|
|
Single gay persons may adopt.
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
Eropah Timur[sunting sumber]
| Hak LGBT di: | Kegiatan seksual sama jenis | Pengakuan hubungan | Pernikahan sama jenis | Pengangkatan anak sama jenis | Membenarkan yang gay berkhidmat secara terdedah dalam tentera? | Anti-perselisihan (Orientasi seksual) | Undang-undang mengenai pengenalan/penyataan jantina |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Albania
|
Legal since 1995 + UN decl. sign. |
|
|
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination[10]
|
Forbids discrimination based on gender identity.
|
 Armenia
|
Legal since 2002 + UN decl. sign. |
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
|
 Azerbaijan
|
Legal since 2000
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
|
 Belarus
|
Legal since 1994
|
|
Constitutional ban since 1994.
|
|
Banned from military service
|
|
|
 Bosnia and Herzegovina
|
Legal since 1998 + UN decl. sign. |
|
|
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
|
 Bulgaria
|
Legal since 1968 + UN decl. sign. |
|
Constitutional ban since 1991.
|
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
|
 Georgia
|
Legal since 2000 + UN decl. sign. |
|
|
|
Unknown | Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
|
 Macedonia
|
Legal since 1996 + UN decl. sign. |
|
|
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination[3]
|
|
 Moldova
|
Legal since 1995
|
|
Constitutional ban since 1994.
|
|
|
|
|
 Montenegro
|
Legal since 1977 + UN decl. sign. |
|
Constitutional ban since 2007.
|
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination[11]
|
Forbids discrimination based on gender identity.
|
 Romania
|
Legal since 1996 + UN decl. sign. |
(proposed)
|
|
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination[3]
|
|
 Russia (incl. all constituent regions)
|
Legal since 1993. Previously legal from 1917 to 1930.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
 Serbia
|
Legal since 1994 + UN decl. sign. |
|
Constitution defines marriage as "a union of a man and a woman"
|
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
Act on the elimination of discrimination
|
 Ukraine
|
Legal since 1991
|
|
Constitution defines marriage as "a union of a man and a woman"
|
|
|
|
Eropah Selatan[sunting sumber]
| Hak LGBT di: | Kegiatan seksual sama jenis | Pengakuan hubungan | Pernikahan sama jenis | Pengangkatan anak sama jenis | Membenarkan yang gay berkhidmat secara terdedah dalam tentera? | Anti-perselisihan (Orientasi seksual) | Undang-undang mengenai pengenalan/penyataan jantina |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Andorra
|
Legal since 1790 + UN decl. sign. |
Legal since 2005
|
|
Legal since 2005
|
N/A | Bans all anti-gay discrimination[3]
|
|
 Cyprus
|
Legal since 1998 + UN decl. sign. |
(proposed)
|
|
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
|
 Gibraltar (overseas territory of the UK)
|
Legal since 1993
|
Legal since 2014
|
|
Legal since 2013
|
UK responsible for defence
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
|
 Greece
|
Legal since 1951 (Age of consent discrepancy) + UN decl. sign. |
(proposed)
|
|
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
|
 Italy
|
Legal since 1890 + UN decl. sign. |
|
|
Only married couples can adopt
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
Sex changes are legal and documents can be amended to the recognised gender.[12]
|
 Malta
|
Legal since 1973 + UN decl. sign. |
Legal since 2014
|
|
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
Sex changes are legal and documents can be amended to the recognised gender
|
 Portugal
|
Legal since 1983 + UN decl. sign. |
Legal since 2001
|
Legal since 2010
|
Single gay persons may adopt
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination, according to Constitution[3]
|
Sex changes are legal and documents can be amended to the recognised gender since 2011
|
 San Marino
|
Legal since 2001 + UN decl. sign. |
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
|
 Spain
|
Legal since 1979 + UN decl. sign. |
Legal since 1998
|
Legal since 2005
|
|
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination[3]
|
La Ley de Identidad de Género (Gender Identity Law), enacted in 2007.
|
 Turkey
|
Legal since 1858
|
|
|
|
|
Committee formed in March 2010 to draft a discrimination clause including sexual orientation.[13]
|
|
 Vatican City
|
Legal since 1929
|
|
|
|
Unknown |
|
Negara-negara diakui sebahagian[sunting sumber]
| Hak LGBT di: | Kegiatan seksual sama jenis | Pengakuan hubungan | Pernikahan sama jenis | Pengangkatan anak sama jenis | Membenarkan yang gay berkhidmat secara terdedah dalam tentera? | Anti-perselisihan (Orientasi seksual) | Undang-undang mengenai pengenalan/penyataan jantina |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Kosovo (hanya separuh diakui, didakwa oleh Serbia)
|
Sah sejak 1994 (sebagai sebahagian dari Serbia), 2008 (sebagai diakui separuh wilayah berdaulat)
|
|
|
|
|
Melarang semua perselisihan anti-gay[3]
|
|
 Republik Turki Cyprus Utara (diakui hanya oleh Republik Turki)
|
Legal since 2014
|
|
|
|
|
Bans some anti-gay discrimination
|
|
Rujukan[sunting sumber]
- ^ "Consolidated Version of the Treaty on European Union" (PDF). Dicapai pada 30 September 2010. Unknown parameter
|[work=ignored (bantuan) - ^ a b c d Ottosson, Daniel. "State-sponsored Homophobia: A world survey of laws prohibiting same sex activity between consenting adults" (PDF). The International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association. Dicapai pada 30 September 2010.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Rainbow Europe Country Index
- ^ "Gender-Neutral Marriage Law Possible by 2012". YLE. Dicapai pada 2 Julai 2010.
- ^ Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 (c. 4)
- ^ a b "The Prevention of Discrimination (Enabling Provisions) (Bailiwick of Guernsey) Law, 2004". Guernsey Legal Resources. Dicapai pada 30 September 2010.
- ^ "Zakon o suzbijanju diskriminacije". Narodne-novine.nn.hr. 21 Julai 2008. Dicapai pada 30 September 2010.
- ^ The Constitution of the Republic of Poland
- ^ ZAKON O MATIČNEM REGISTRU
- ^ "Albania protects LGBT people from discrimination". ILGA-Europe. 5 Februari 2010. Dicapai pada 5 Februari 2010.
- ^ Montenegro fulfils EU membership requirement and protects LGBT people from discrimination
- ^ "Legge 14 Aprile 1982, n. 164 (GU n. 106 del 19/04/1982) Norme in Materia di Rettificazione di Attribuzione di Sesso" (dalam bahasa Italian). Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 23 Mei 2007.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ Discrimination will be banned, draft law says