Keluarga Diraja British

Keluarga Diraja British dikongsi bersama dalam Alam Komanwel; rencana ini menumpukan sudut pandangan United Kingdom. Untuk maklumat Keluarga Diraja ini di alam Komanwel lain, lihat Di alam Komanwel lain.

Keluarga Diraja British adalah sekumpulan saudara-mara dekat raja United Kingdom. Istilah ini juga digunakan secara umum pada kumpulan orang yang sama orang sebagai saudara-mara raja atau ratu dalam peranannya sebagai raja mana-mana alam Komanwel lainnya, oleh itu kadang-kadang bertentangan dengan istilah kebangsaan rasmi untuk keluarga ini. Ahli keluarga diraja tergolong dalam (dilahirkan ke dalam), berkahwin ke dalam, Kerabat Diraja Windsor, sejak 1917, apabila George V menukar nama keluarga diraja ini daripada Kerabat Diraja Saxe-Coburg dan Gotha.

Walaupun di United Kingdom tidak terdapat takrifan undang-undang atau rasmi khusus siapa ahli Keluarga Diraja, dan senarai berbeza akan memasukkan orang berbeza, mereka yang mempunyai gelaran hormatan His atau Her Majesty (HM), atau His atau Her Royal Highness (HRH) sentiasa dikira sebagai ahli, yang lazimnya menyebabkan penggunaan istilah ini kepada raja/ratu, pasangan baginda, balu raja terdahulu, anak-anak raja, cucu nasab bapa raja, dan pasangan dan balu anak lelaki raja dan cucu nasab bapa raja.

Ahli dan saudara mara Keluarga Diraja British secara bersejarah mewakili raja di pelbagai tempat di seluruh Empayar British, kadangkala untuk tempoh lanjutan sebagai wizurai, atau untuk upacara atau peristiwa tertentu. Hari ini, mereka seringkali melakukan tugasan upacara atau sosial di seluruh United Kingdom dan luar negara bagi pihak UK, namun, selain daripada raja, tidak memiliki peranan perlembagaan dalam hal ehwal kerajaan. Hal ini sama untuk alam Komanwel lain walaupun ahli keluarga di sana bertindak bagi pihak, dibiayai oleh, dan mewakili raja negara tersebut, dan bukan United Kingdom.

List of members

This is a list of current members of the Royal Family:

• HM The Queen and HRH The Duke of Edinburgh (her consort)
• TRH The Prince of Wales and The Duchess of Cornwall (The Queen's eldest son and his second wife)
  • HRH Prince William of Wales (The Prince of Wales's elder son)
  • HRH Prince Henry of Wales (The Prince of Wales's younger son)
• HRH The Duke of York (The Queen's second son)
  • HRH Princess Beatrice of York (The Duke of York's elder daughter)
  • HRH Princess Eugenie of York (The Duke of York's younger daughter)
• TRH The Earl and Countess of Wessex (The Queen's third son and his wife)
  • Viscount Severn (The Earl of Wessex's son)
  • Lady Louise Windsor (The Earl of Wessex's daughter)
• HRH The Princess Royal (The Queen's daughter)
• TRH The Duke and Duchess of Gloucester (The Queen's cousin and his wife)
• TRH The Duke and Duchess of Kent (The Queen's cousin and his wife)
• TRH Prince and Princess Michael of Kent (The Queen's cousin and his wife)
• HRH Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy (The Queen's cousin)

Collaterals

Besides the above, there are a few immediate family members carrying no official style who are sometimes in listings:

• VAdm Tim Laurence (The Princess Royal's second and current husband)
  • Mr & Mrs Peter Phillips (The Princess Royal's son by Capt Phillips, and his wife)
  • Miss Zara Phillips, MBE (The Princess Royal's daughter by Capt Phillips)

The following persons are descendants (or widows) of the younger children of Queen Victoria, King Edward VII, and King George V:

• The Earl of Harewood (grandson and first grandchild of George V through his daughter Mary, Princess Royal), his second wife, and his children, and grandchildren, as well as the children and grandchildren of his now deceased brother, Gerald Lascelles.
• The Duke of Fife (female-line great-grandson of Edward VII) and his children and grandchildren
• The Lady Saltoun (widow of Alexander Ramsay of Mar, a female-line grandson of Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, the third son of Queen Victoria), and her children and grandchildren
• The Marquess of Milford Haven (grandson of George Mountbatten, 2nd Marquess of Milford Haven, and great-grandson of H.G.D.H. Princess Victoria, eldest daughter of H.R.H. The Princess Alice The Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine, 2nd daughter of H.M. Queen Victoria, and his family
• The Countess Mountbatten of Burma (elder daughter of Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma, youngest son of H.G.D.H. Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine, and her family

The Earl of Harewood is a female-line first cousin of the Queen. The Duke of Fife, the Marquess of Milford Haven, the Countess Mountbatten of Burma, and the Lady Saltoun, and their respective families, as well as Lord Harewood's descendants, are so distant from the reigning sovereign that they are relatives of, rather than members of, the Royal Family.

None of these persons receive any money from the State or undertake official engagements on behalf of the Queen. However, the Queen does invite them to private family functions and to participate in official royal occasions, such as the Trooping the Colour, the Golden Jubilee celebrations, and ceremonial or state funerals.

There are three living former spouses of members of the British Royal Family:

• Sarah, Duchess of York (the former wife of The Duke of York),
• Capt Mark Phillips (the first husband of The Princess Royal), and
• The Earl of Snowdon (the former husband of Princess Margaret).

Recently deceased members of the Royal Family include:

• HM Queen Elizabeth, The Queen Mother (widow of King George VI and mother of The Queen)
• HRH The Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon (sister of The Queen)
• HRH Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester (widow of Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester, and mother to the present Duke of Gloucester)

The Prince of Wales' first wife, Diana, Princess of Wales, died in a car crash in 1997. They had divorced in 1996. She lost the HRH title but was allowed the style "Princess of Wales" and remained a member of the Royal Family to reflect the fact she was the mother of the second and third in line to the throne, Princes William and Henry ("Harry").

Pokok keluarga ahli

HM George V

HM Edward VIII

HM George VI

HRH Mary, Princess Royal dan Countess Harewood

HRH Putera Henry, Duke Gloucester

HRH Putera George, Duke Kent

HRH Putera John

HRH Duke Edinburgh

HM Ratu

HRH Duchess dari Gloucester

HRH Duke Gloucester

HRH Duke Kent

HRH Duchess Kent

HRH Putera Michael dari Kent

HRH Putera Michael dari Kent

HRH Puteri Alexandra, The Hon Lady Ogilvy

HRH Putera Wales

HRH Duchess Cornwall

HRH The Princess Royal

HRH Duke York

HRH Earl Wessex

HRH Countess Wessex

HRH Putera William dari Wales

HRH Putera Harry dari Wales

HRH Puteri Beatrice dari York

HRH Putera Eugenie dari York

Viscount Severn

Lady Louise Windsor

In the United Kingdom

Public role and image

Members of the Royal Family participate in hundreds of public engagements yearly throughout the United Kingdom, as formally recorded in the Court Circular, to honour, encourage and learn about the achievements or endeavours of individuals, institutions and enterprises in a variety of areas of life. As representatives of the Queen, they often also join the nation in commemorating historical events, holidays, celebratory and tragic occurrences, and may also sponsor or participate in numerous charitable, cultural and social activities. Their travels abroad on behalf of the UK (called State Visits when the sovereign officially meets with other heads of state) draw public attention to amicable relations within and between the Commonwealth and other nations, to British goods and trade, and to Britain as a historical, vacation, and tourist destination. Their presence, activities and traditional roles constitute the apex of a modern "royal court," and provide a distinctly British and historical pageantry to ceremonies (e.g. Trooping the Colour) and flavour to public events (e.g. Garden Parties, Ascot). Throughout their lives they draw enormous media coverage in the form of photographic, written and televised commentary on their activities, family relationships, rites of passage, personalities, attire, behaviour, and public roles. Senior members of the royal family often drive themselves instead of having a driver.

In a lengthy interview conducted by PBS prior to the death of Diana, Princess of Wales in August 1997, Max Hastings, editor of the Daily Telegraph between 1986 and 1995, discussed the impact of Andrew Morton's and Jonathan Dimbleby's biographies of, respectively, the Princess and Charles, Prince of Wales on subsequent news coverage of the Royal Family in the UK:

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Di alam Komanwel lain

As the Royal Family is shared by other Commonwealth realms, its members will often also conduct official and non-official duties outside the United Kingdom, on behalf of the relevant state.

Further information: Royal Family's role in the realms

Lihat juga

Alam lain

• Canadian Royal Family

Rencana berkaitan lain

• Commonwealth realm monarchies
• List of monarchs in the British Isles
• Lists of members of the British Royal Family through history
• British prince
• British princess
• House of Windsor
• British monarchs' family tree
• Line of succession to the British Throne
• List of godchildren of members of the British Royal Family
• Genealogy of the British Royal Family
• Royal Descent

Bacaan lanjut

• Burke's Guide to the Royal Family. Burke's Peerage, 1973.
• Cannon, John Ashton. The Oxford Illustrated History of the British Monarchy. Oxford University Press, 1988.
• Churchill, Randolph S. They Serve the Queen: A New and Authoritative Account of the Royal Household. ("Prepared for Coronation Year") Hutchinson, 1953.
• Fraser, Antonia (ed). The Lives of the Kings & Queens of England. Revised & updated edition. University of California Press, 1998.
• Hayden, Ilse. Symbol and Privilege: The Ritual Context of British Royalty. University of Arizona Press, 1987.
• Longford, Elizabeth Harman (Countess of Longford). The Royal House of Windsor. Revised edition. Crown, 1984.
• Weir, Alison. Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy. Pimlico/Random House, 2002.

• Royal Family (1969) is a celebrated and reverential BBC documentary made by Richard Cawston to accompany the investiture of the current Prince of Wales. The documentary is frequently held responsible for the greater press intrusion into the Royal Family's private life since its first broadcast.

Pautan luar

• Official website of the British monarchy
• House of Windsor Family TreePDF (74.2 KB)
• Royal Families of Europe Family Tree and Genealogy.
• alt.talk.royalty FAQ: British Royal and Noble Families
• "William following Royal precedent", BBC News, 2005-10-21. 
• The Family of Elizabeth I
• The Crown Estates
• -Original press photos of Queen Elizabeth and Princess Margaret
• Styles of the members of the British royal family