Protura

Protura
	; Acerentomon doderoi
Pengelasan saintifik
Alam:	Animalia;
Filum:	Arthropoda;
Subfilum:	Hexapoda;
Kelas:	Entognatha;
Order:	Protura; Silvestri, 1907
Famili
	Acerentomata Hesperentomidae; Protentomidae; Acerentomidae; Eosentomata Antelientomidae; Eosentomidae; Sinentomata Fujientomidae; Sinentomidae;

Protura, atau proturan, dan kadang-kadang nama gelaran kepala kon (coneheads)^[2]^[3] ialah order Hexapoda dahulunya dianggap sebagai serangga, dan kadang-kadang dirujuk sebagai kelasnya sendiri.^[4] Terdapat beberapa bukti bahawa Protura ialah asas kepada semua heksapod lain^[5], walaupun heksapod dianggap sebagai polifiletik.^[6] Ia adalah sangat kecil (<2 mm panjang) haiwan hidup dalam tanah dan unik antara heksapod dengan menunjukkan kemajuan anamorfik, di mana segmen badan ditambah semasa bersalin kulit.^[7] Szeptycki (2007) menyenaraikan jumlah 731 spesies yang dikenalpasti di seluruh dunia, dalam tujuh famili, hampir 300 daripadanya dalam satu genus, Eosentomon.^[1]

Acerentomon spesies di bawah mikroskop stereo

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↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Andrzej Szeptycki (2007). "Catalogue of the World Protura". http://www.isez.pan.krakow.pl/journals/azc_i/pdf/50B(1)/01.pdf.
↑ "Proturans / Coneheads". North Carolina State University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/course/ent425/compendium/protura.html. Capaian July 30, 2008.
↑ "Order Protura - Coneheads". http://bugguide.net bugguide.net, hosted by Iowa State University Department of Entomology. http://bugguide.net/node/view/99913/bgpage. Capaian July 30, 2008.
↑ Charles S. Henry (2005). "Insect phylogeny". University of Connecticut. http://www.eeb.uconn.edu/Courses/Eeb477/.
↑ Ryuichiro Machida (2006). "Evidence from embryology for reconstructing the relationships of hexapod basal clades". http://globiz.sachsen.de/snsd/publikationen/ArthropodSystematicsPhylogeny/ASP_64_1/ASP_64_1_Machida_95-104.pdf.
↑ Charles E Cook, Qiaoyun Yue & Michael Akam (2005). "Mitochondrial genomes suggest that hexapods and crustaceans are mutually paraphyletic". Proceedings of the Royal Society B 272 (1569): 1295–1304. doi:10.1098/rspb.2004.3042. PMC 1564108. PMID 16024395.
↑ P. J. Gullan & P. S. Cranston (1994). The insects: an outline of entomology, Chapman and Hall. ISBN 0-412-49360-8.

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Portal Arthropods

Templat:Wikispecies-inline
Media berkenaan Protura di Wikimedia Commons.
Proturans on the University of Florida / Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Featured Creatures website

[szeptycki-0] 1.0 ^1.1 Andrzej Szeptycki (2007). "Catalogue of the World Protura". http://www.isez.pan.krakow.pl/journals/azc_i/pdf/50B(1)/01.pdf.

[NCSU_General_Entomology-1] "Proturans / Coneheads". North Carolina State University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/course/ent425/compendium/protura.html. Capaian July 30, 2008.

[BugGuide_Iowa_State_Protura-2] "Order Protura - Coneheads". http://bugguide.net bugguide.net, hosted by Iowa State University Department of Entomology. http://bugguide.net/node/view/99913/bgpage. Capaian July 30, 2008.

[3] Charles S. Henry (2005). "Insect phylogeny". University of Connecticut. http://www.eeb.uconn.edu/Courses/Eeb477/.

[machida-4] Ryuichiro Machida (2006). "Evidence from embryology for reconstructing the relationships of hexapod basal clades". http://globiz.sachsen.de/snsd/publikationen/ArthropodSystematicsPhylogeny/ASP_64_1/ASP_64_1_Machida_95-104.pdf.

[5] Charles E Cook, Qiaoyun Yue & Michael Akam (2005). "Mitochondrial genomes suggest that hexapods and crustaceans are mutually paraphyletic". Proceedings of the Royal Society B 272 (1569): 1295–1304. doi:10.1098/rspb.2004.3042. PMC 1564108. PMID 16024395.

[Gullan-6] P. J. Gullan & P. S. Cranston (1994). The insects: an outline of entomology, Chapman and Hall. ISBN 0-412-49360-8.

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Protura

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