Ringkasan

KeteranganPloverCrocodileSymbiosis.jpg	English: A small bird such as a plover or sandpiper, representing the Trochilus described by Herodotus, eats leeches from the gaping open mouth of a Nile crocodile in an early example of Cleaning Symbiosis.
Tarikh	1909
Sumber	http://www.50birds.com/gendalligators2.htm, image taken from Popular Natural History, 1909
Pengarang	Henry Scherren
Kebenaran (Penggunaan semula fail ini)	PD-Old-100 and PD-1923; Scherren died in 1911 so copyright has expired.
Versi lain	This file has an extracted image: PloverCrocodileSymbiosis (cropped).jpg.

A 'Trochilus' bird, perhaps a Sandpiper or Plover, Spur-winged Plover eats leeches from from the teeth of a Nile Crocodile, in a classic supposed example of cleaning symbiosis.

Egyptian Plover (Pluvianus aegyptius). Africa's Spur-winged Plover Vanellus spinosus is a lapwing and has black head with bold white triangle opening towards neck. P. aegypticus is a courser with a black head with two thin white stripes as here. The behaviour is apparently real, but not well documented. Dysmorodrepanis 21:35, 4 April 2008 (UTC)

Whatever the portrayed bird is meant to be, it is neither a Spur-winged plover (for instance black belly) nor an Egyptian plover (for instance black hindneck). The African bird it most resembles is the White-crowned/headed plover/lapwing (Vanellus albiceps). I guess the illustrator/author was not too familiar with African birds.

I wonder. The behaviour has been recorded among Sandpipers in Egypt, and the bird drawn is not unlike the Common Sandpiper (Actitis hypoleucos) (which overwinters in Egypt), so perhaps the artist used that as the model. Chiswick Chap (talk) 11:01, 17 February 2012 (UTC)

A footnote: there is little evidence for cleaning symbiosis between any bird and the Nile Crocodile, but what there is suggests that Herodotus and Scherren most likely heard about sandpipers; and Scherren clearly picked a sandpiper as his model for this illustration. Chiswick Chap (talk) 09:28, 4 November 2012 (UTC)

Illustration from Popular Natural History by Henry Scherren, published 1909. Image found at [:http://www.50birds.com/gendalligators2.htm].

Perlesenan

	Karya ini berada dalam domain awam di negara-negara dengan tempoh hak cipta hayat pencipta ditambah 100 tahun atau kurang. This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published (or registered with the U.S. Copyright Office) before January 1, 1929.
Fail ini telah dikenal pasti sebagai bebas daripada sekatan-sekatan yang dikenali mengikut undang-undang hak cipta, termasuk semua hak berkaitan dan berjiran.

https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/PDMCreative Commons Public Domain Mark 1.0falsefalse