Babi Yar
Babi Yar (Bahasa Ukraine: Бабин Яр Babyn Yar atau Babin Yar; Rusia: Бабий Яр Babiy Yar) adalah jurang di Kyiv, ibu kota Ukraine moden di mana berlakunya pembunuhan beramai-ramai dilakukan balatentera Nazi Jerman dalam kemaraan menentang Kesatuan Soviet dalam Perang Dunia Kedua.
Dianggarkan antara 100,000 dan 150,000 orang terbunuh di Babi Yar semasa penjajahan Jerman[1] termasuk kira-kira 33,771 orang Yahudi pada 29-30 September 1941 atas arahan gabenor tentera Generalmajor Kurt Eberhard, Komandan Polis Kumpulan Tentera Selatan, SS-Obergruppenführer Friedrich Jeckeln, dan Komander Einsatzgruppe C Otto Rasch;[2][3][4] mangsa-mangsa pembantaian lain di lokasi termasuk tahanan perang Soviet, komunis, pejuang nasionalis Ukraine dan orang-orang Roma.[5][6][7]
Rujukan[sunting | sunting sumber]
- ^ Magocsi, Paul Robert (1996). A History of Ukraine. University of Toronto Press. m/s. 633. ISBN 978-0-8020-7820-9.
- ^ Karel C. Berkhoff (28 May 2008). Babi Yar Massacre. The Shoah in Ukraine: History, Testimony, Memorialization. m/s. 303. ISBN 978-0253001597. Dicapai pada 23 February 2013.
- ^ "Holocaust in Kiev and the Tragedy of Babi Yar". historical-background3.html (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Dicapai pada 1 August 2019.
- ^ Wette, Wolfram (2005). Die Wehrmacht : Feindbilder, Vernichtungskrieg, Legenden (ed. Überarb. Ausg.). Frankfurt am Main: Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verl. m/s. 115–128. ISBN 3596156459.
- ^ Hoffman, Avi (23 October 2011). "A Museum for Babi Yar". The Jerusalem Post. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 26 June 2013.
- ^ "Archived copy". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 27 December 2014. Dicapai pada 26 December 2014.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Zionism and Israel - Encyclopedic Dictionary - Babi Yar
- ^ Ludmyla Yurchenko, "Life is not to be sold for a few pieces of silver: The life of Olena Teliha Diarkibkan 2007-08-14 di Wayback Machine", Ukrainian Youth Association.
Pautan luar[sunting | sunting sumber]
- The Invasion of the Soviet Union and the Beginnings of Mass Murder, <i>Yad Vashem</i>
- Marking 70 Years to Operation Barbarossa , Yad Vashem
- Babi Yar: Mass Murder (history1900s.about.com)
- In-depth study on Babi Yar
- The Massacre at Babi Yar Near Kyiv (historyplace.com)
- Babi Yar (Jewish Virtual Library)
- Babi Yar: Killing Ravine of Kyiv Jewry – WWII (zchor.org)
- Babi Yar (berdichev.org)
- (dalam bahasa Rusia) History. Geography. Memory by Tatyana Yevstafyeva. 15 August 2002 (a reprint from newspaper "Jewish Observer")