Padma Bhushan
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| Padma Bhushan | |
|---|---|
 | |
Dianugerahkan oleh  Kerajaan India | |
| Negara | India |
| Jenis | National Civilian |
| Reben |  |
| Bahagian depan | A centrally located lotus flower is embossed and the text "Padma" written in Devanagari script is placed above and the text "Bhushan" is placed below the lotus. |
| Bahagian belakang | A platinum State Emblem of India placed in the centre with the national motto of India, "Satyameva Jayate" (Truth alone triumphs) in Devanagari Script |
| Statistik | |
| Ditubuhkan | 1954 |
| Nama terdahulu | Padma Vibhushan "Dusra Varg" (Class II) |
| Kali pertama dianugerahkan | 1954 |
| Kali terakhir dianugerahkan | 2019 |
| Jumlah dianugerahkan | 1254 |
| Keutamaan | |
| Seterusnya (tertinggi) |  Padma Vibhushan |
| Seterusnya (terendah) |  Padma Shri |
| Tahun | Jumlah penerima |
|---|---|
| 1954–1959 | 94
|
| 1960–1969 | 200
|
| 1970–1979 | 205
|
| 1980–1989 | 133
|
| 1990–1999 | 113
|
| 2000–2009 | 291
|
| 2010–2019 | 218
|
Padma Bhushan ialah penghargaan awam tertinggi ketiga di Republik India, didahului oleh Bharat Ratna dan Padma Vibhushan dan diikuti oleh Padma Shri. Didirikan pada 2 Januari 1954, anugerah ini diberikan untuk "perkhidmatan yang cemerlang dalam perintah tinggi... tanpa perbezaan kaum, pekerjaan, jawatan atau jantina." Kriteria penghargaan termasuk "perkhidmatan di mana-mana bidang termasuk layanan yang diberikan oleh pegawai Kerajaan" termasuk doktor dan saintis, tetapi tidak termasuk mereka yang bekerja dengan sektor awam. Setakat 2019[update], anugerah ini telah diberikan kepada 1254 individu, termasuk dua puluh satu penerima anumun dan sembilan puluh enam penerima bukan warganegara.[2][3]
Isi kandungan
Lihat juga[sunting | sunting sumber]
Rujukan[sunting | sunting sumber]
- ^ "Padma Awards Directory (1954–2014)" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs (India). 21 May 2014. m/s. 166–193. Diarkibkan daripada asal (PDF) pada 15 November 2014. Dicapai 22 March 2016.
- "Padma Awards: 2015" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs (India). 25 January 2015. m/s. 1. Diarkibkan daripada asal (PDF) pada 9 February 2018. Dicapai 18 October 2015.
- "Padma Awards: 2016" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs (India). 25 January 2016. m/s. 1. Diarkibkan daripada asal (PDF) pada 9 February 2018. Dicapai 25 January 2016.
- "Padma Awards: 2017" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs (India). 25 January 2017. m/s. 1. Diarkibkan daripada asal (PDF) pada 9 February 2018. Dicapai 25 January 2017.
- "Padma Awards: 2018" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs (India). 25 January 2018. m/s. 1. Diarkibkan daripada asal (PDF) pada 9 February 2018. Dicapai 25 January 2018.
- "Padma Awards: 2019" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs (India). 25 January 2019. m/s. 1. Diarkibkan daripada asal (PDF) pada 25 January 2019. Dicapai 25 January 2019.
- ^ Lal, Shavax A. (1954). "The Gazette of India—Extraordinary—Part I" (PDF). The Gazette of India. The President's Secretariat (diterbitkan 2 January 1954): 2. Diarkibkan daripada asal (PDF) pada 14 May 2014. Dicapai 26 September 2015.
The President is pleased to institute an award to be designated 'Padma Vibhushan' in three classes, namely: 'Pahla Varg', 'Dusra Varg' and 'Tisra Varg'
- ^ Ayyar, N. M. (1955). "The Gazette of India—Extraordinary—Part I" (PDF). The Gazette of India. The President's Secretariat (diterbitkan 15 January 1955): 8. Diarkibkan daripada asal (PDF) pada 18 May 2014. Dicapai 26 September 2015.
All persons upon whom the decoration of Padma Vibhushan (Pahela Warg) was conferred under the Regulations issued with Notification No. 2-Pres./54, dated the 2nd January, 1954, shall, for all purposes of these regulations, be deemed to be persons on whom the decoration of Padma Vibhushan has been conferred by the President.
Bibliografi[sunting | sunting sumber]
- Bhattacherje, S. B. (2009). Encyclopaedia of Indian Events & Dates. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. ISBN 978-81-207-4074-7.
- Edgar, Thorpe (2011). The Pearson General Knowledge Manual 2011. Pearson Education India. ISBN 978-81-317-5640-9.
- Hoiberg, Dale; Ramchandani, Indu (2000). Students' Britannica India. 1–5. Popular Prakashan. ISBN 978-81-7156-112-4.
Pautan luar[sunting | sunting sumber]
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Wikimedia Commons mempunyai media berkaitan Padma Bhushan |
- Laman web rasmi
- "Awards & Medals". Ministry of Home Affairs (India). 14 September 2015. Dicapai 22 October 2015.
