Aksara Glagol
| Glagolitic | |
|---|---|
 Contoh tulisan Glagol dari teks-teks Kiev abad ke-10 dan Gospel Reims abad ke-14. | |
| Jenis | |
| Bahasa | Bahasa Slav Gereja Lama (jenis bulat), Bahasa Croatia (jenis bersegi) |
| Pencipta | Cyrillus dan Methodius |
Tempoh masa | 862 / 863 to the Middle Ages |
Aksara induk | hieroglif Mesir
|
| Arah tulis | Kiri-ke-kanan |
| ISO 15924 | Glag, 225 |
Alias Unikod | Glagolitic |
| |
Abjad Glagol (Ⰳⰾⰰⰳⱁⰾⰹⱌⰰ, glagolitsa dari ⰳⰾⰰⰳⱁⰾⱏ glagolŭ "tuturan, kata"[1]) abjad yang digunakan untuk menulis bahasa Slav Gereja Lama; ia diciptakan pada abad ke-9 oleh Cyrillus dan Methodius, adik-beradik rahib Thessaloniki atas perintah Maharaja Byzantium Maharaja Mikhael III untuk menyebarkan ajaran Kristian dalam kalangan masyarakat Slav kawasan Moravia Raya di Eropah Tengah.[2][3][4][5][6]
Jadual huruf[sunting | sunting sumber]
| Unicode | Bentuk bulat | Bentuk bersegi | Abjad Cyril | Bunyi IPA | Nama huruf | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| bahasa Slav Gereja Lama | bahasa Slav Gereja baru | |||||
| Ⰰ | 
|
|
А | /ɑ/ | Azъ | Az |
| Ⰱ | 
|
|
Б | /b/ | Buky | Buky |
| Ⰲ | 
|
|
В | /ʋ/ | Vědě | Vedi |
| Ⰳ | 
|
|
Г, Ґ | /ɡ/ | Glagoli | Glagoli |
| Ⰴ | 
|
|
Д | /d/ | Dobro | Dobro |
| Ⰵ | 
|
|
Є, Е, Э, Ё | /ɛ/ | Jestъ | Yest |
| Ⰶ | 
|
|
Ж | /ʒ/ | Živěte | Zhivete |
| Ⰷ | 
|
|
Ѕ | /d͡z/ | Dzělo | Dzelo |
| Ⰸ | 
|
|
З | /z/ | Zemlja | Zemlja |
| Ⰹ, Ⰺ |  , 
|
|
Ι, Ї | /i/, /j/ | Iže | Izhe |
| Ⰻ | 
|
|
И | /i/, /j/ | I/ižei | I/izhei |
| Ⰼ | 
|
|
Ꙉ, Ћ, Ђ | /d͡ʑ/ | Djervь, ǵervь | |
| Ⰽ | 
|
|
К | /k/ | Kako | Kako |
| Ⰾ | 
|
|
Л, Љ | /l/, /ʎ/ | Ljudie | Ljudi |
| Ⰿ | 
|
|
М | /m/ | Myslite | Mislete |
| Ⱀ | 
|
|
Н, Њ | /n/, /ɲ/ | Našь | Nash |
| Ⱁ | 
|
|
О | /ɔ/ | Onъ | On |
| Ⱂ | 
|
|
П | /p/ | Pokoj | Pokoj |
| Ⱃ | 
|
|
Р | /r/ | Rьci | Rtsi |
| Ⱄ | 
|
|
С | /s/ | Slovo | Slovo |
| Ⱅ | 
|
|
Т | /t/ | Tvrьdo | Tverdo |
| Ⱆ | 
|
|
У | /u/ | Ukъ | Uk |
| Ⱇ | 
|
|
Ф | /f/ | Frьtъ | Fert |
| Ⱈ | 
|
|
Х | /x/ | Xěrъ | Kher |
| Ⱉ | 
|
|
Ѡ | /ɔ/ | Otъ | Oht, Omega |
| Ⱋ | 
|
|
Щ | /tʲ/, /ʃ͡t/ | Šta/Šča | Shta/Shcha |
| Ⱌ | 
|
|
Ц | /t͡s/ | Ci | Tsi |
| Ⱍ | 
|
|
Ч, Џ | /t͡ʃ/ | Črьvъ | Cherv |
| Ⱎ | 
|
|
Ш | /ʃ/ | Ša | Sha |
| Ⱏ |  , 
|
|
Ъ | /ɯ/ | Jerъ | Yer, Yor |
| ⰟⰊ | 
|
Ы | /ɨ/ | Jery | Yerɨ | |
| Ⱐ |  , 
|
|
Ь | /ə/ | Jerь | Yer` |
| Ⱑ | 
|
|
Ѣ, Я | /æ/, /jɑ/ | Jatь | Yat, Ya |
| Ⱖ | 
|
Ё | /jo/ | |||
| Ⱓ | 
|
Ю | /ju/ | Ju | Yu | |
| Ⱔ | 
|
Ѧ | /ɛ̃/ | [Ensь] | [Small yus] | |
| Ⱗ | 
|
Ѩ | /jɛ̃/ | [Jensь] | [Small iotated yus] | |
| Ⱘ | 
|
Ѫ | /ɔ̃/ | [Onsь] | [Big yus] | |
| Ⱙ | 
|
Ѭ | /jɔ̃/ | [Jonsь] | [Big iotated yus] | |
| Ⱚ | 
|
Ѳ | /θ/ | [Thita] | Fita | |
| Ⱛ | 
|
Ѵ | /ʏ/, /i/ | Ižica | Izhitsa | |
Rujukan[sunting | sunting sumber]
- ^ "glagolitic". Dictionary.com Unabridged. Random House.
- ^ Alan Timberlake, A Reference Grammar of Russian, Cambridge University Press, 2004, p. 14
- ^ Florin Curta & Paul Stephenson, Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500–1250, Cambridge University Press, 2006, p. 125
- ^ Simon Franklin, Writing, Society and Culture in Early Rus, c. 950–1300, Cambridge University Press, 2002, p. 93: "East Christian Slays used two alphabets, Glagolitic and Cyrillic.
- ^ Henri-Jean Martin, The History and Power of Writing, University of Chicago Press, 1995, p. 40
- ^ Jean W. Sedlar,East Central Europe in the Middle Ages, 1000-1500, University of Washington Press, 1994, p. 144