Kecerdasan

Kecerdasan telah ditakrifkan dalam pelbagai aspek dan tidak terhad kepada sesuatu perkara termasuklah peniskalaan, logik, pemahaman, kesedaran kendiri, pembelajaran, pengetahuan emosi, taakulan, perancangan, kreativiti, pemikiran kritis serta penyelesaian masalah.^[1]

Kebanyakan ahli psikologi berpendapat bahawa kecerdasan boleh dibahagikan kepada pelbagai domain atau dimensi atau kecekapan.^[2]

Kecerdasan telah lama dipelajari pada manusia, dan merentasi pelbagai disiplin. Ia juga telah diperhatikan dalam kognitif haiwan bukan manusia.^[3] Sesetengah penyelidik juga telah mencadangkan bahawa tumbuhan menunjukkan bentuk kecerdasan yang tersendiri, walaupun ini masih menjadi kontroversi.^[4]

Rujukan

^ Sharma, Radha R. (2008). Emotional Intelligence from 17th Century to 21st Century: Perspectives and Directions for Future Research. Sage Journals. Vol. 12.
^ Stanek, Kevin C.; Ones, Deniz S. (2018), "Taxonomies and Compendia of Cognitive Ability and Personality Constructs and Measures Relevant to Industrial, Work and Organizational Psychology", The SAGE Handbook of Industrial, Work and Organizational Psychology: Personnel Psychology and Employee Performance, 1 Oliver's Yard, 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP: SAGE Publications Ltd, m/s. 366–407, doi:10.4135/9781473914940.n14, ISBN 978-1-4462-0721-5, dicapai pada 2024-01-08CS1 maint: location (link)
^ Shettleworth SJ (2010). Cognition, Evolution and Behavior (ed. 2ND). New York: Oxford Press.
^ Parise, André Geremia; Gaglianob, Monica; Souza, Gustavo Maia (3 January 2020). "Extended cognition in plants: is it possible?". Plant Signaling & Behavior. 15 (2). Bibcode:2020PlSiB..1510661P. doi:10.1080/15592324.2019.1710661. PMC 7053971. PMID 31900033.

Lihat juga

Kecerdasan buatan (AI)

[1] Sharma, Radha R. (2008). Emotional Intelligence from 17th Century to 21st Century: Perspectives and Directions for Future Research. Sage Journals. Vol. 12.

[:5-2] Stanek, Kevin C.; Ones, Deniz S. (2018), "Taxonomies and Compendia of Cognitive Ability and Personality Constructs and Measures Relevant to Industrial, Work and Organizational Psychology", The SAGE Handbook of Industrial, Work and Organizational Psychology: Personnel Psychology and Employee Performance, 1 Oliver's Yard, 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP: SAGE Publications Ltd, m/s. 366–407, doi:10.4135/9781473914940.n14, ISBN 978-1-4462-0721-5, dicapai pada 2024-01-08CS1 maint: location (link)

[Shettleworth-3] Shettleworth SJ (2010). Cognition, Evolution and Behavior (ed. 2ND). New York: Oxford Press.

[4] Parise, André Geremia; Gaglianob, Monica; Souza, Gustavo Maia (3 January 2020). "Extended cognition in plants: is it possible?". Plant Signaling & Behavior. 15 (2). Bibcode:2020PlSiB..1510661P. doi:10.1080/15592324.2019.1710661. PMC 7053971. PMID 31900033.

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