Kerabat diraja British

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Keluarga Diraja British dikongsi bersama dalam Alam Komanwel; rencana ini menumpukan sudut pandangan United Kingdom. Untuk maklumat Keluarga Diraja ini di alam Komanwel lain, lihat Di alam Komanwel lain.

Keluarga Diraja British adalah sekumpulan saudara-mara dekat raja United Kingdom. Istilah ini juga digunakan secara umum pada kumpulan orang yang sama orang sebagai saudara-mara raja atau ratu dalam peranannya sebagai raja mana-mana alam Komanwel lainnya, oleh itu kadang-kadang bertentangan dengan istilah kebangsaan rasmi untuk keluarga ini.[1] Ahli keluarga diraja tergolong dalam (dilahirkan ke dalam), berkahwin ke dalam, Kerabat Diraja Windsor, sejak 1917, apabila George V menukar nama keluarga diraja ini daripada Kerabat Diraja Saxe-Coburg dan Gotha.

Walaupun di United Kingdom tidak terdapat takrifan undang-undang atau rasmi khusus siapa ahli Keluarga Diraja,[2] dan senarai berbeza akan memasukkan orang berbeza, mereka yang mempunyai gelaran hormatan His atau Her Majesty (HM), atau His atau Her Royal Highness (HRH) sentiasa dikira sebagai ahli, yang lazimnya menyebabkan penggunaan istilah ini kepada raja/ratu, pasangan baginda, balu raja terdahulu, anak-anak raja, cucu nasab bapa raja, dan pasangan dan balu anak lelaki raja dan cucu nasab bapa raja.

Ahli dan saudara mara Keluarga Diraja British secara bersejarah mewakili raja di pelbagai tempat di seluruh Empayar British, kadangkala untuk tempoh lanjutan sebagai wizurai, atau untuk upacara atau peristiwa tertentu. Hari ini, mereka seringkali melakukan tugasan upacara atau sosial di seluruh United Kingdom dan luar negara bagi pihak UK, namun, selain daripada raja, tidak memiliki peranan perlembagaan dalam hal ehwal kerajaan. Hal ini sama untuk alam Komanwel lain walaupun ahli keluarga di sana bertindak bagi pihak, dibiayai oleh, dan mewakili raja negara tersebut, dan bukan United Kingdom.

Senarai anggota[sunting | sunting sumber]

Keluarga Diraja British di balkoni Istana Buckingham selepas perarakan Trooping the Colour pada tahun 2013.

Berikut ialah senarai anggota semasa Keluarga Diraja:

Ahli Keluarga Lain[sunting | sunting sumber]

Selain di atas, terdapat beberapa ahli keluarga terdekat yang tidak membawa gelaran rasmi yang berada dalam senarai:

Salasilah Keluarga[sunting | sunting sumber]

Raja George V
Ratu Mary
Raja George VI
Ratu Elizabeth
Putera Henry, Duke Gloucester
Puteri Alice, Duchess Gloucester
Putera George, Duke Kent
Puteri Marina, Duchess Kent
Duke Edinburgh
 Ratu Elizabeth II
Duke Gloucester
Duchess Gloucester
Duke Kent
Duchess Kent
Puteri Alexandra, Yang Berhormat, Lady Ogilvy
Putera Michael dari Kent
Puteri Michael dari Kent
Diana, Puteri dari Wales[N 1]
(div. 1996)
Putera dari Wales
Duchess Cornwall
Puteri Diraja
Duke York
Sarah, Duchess York
(div. 1996)
Earl Wessex
Countess Wessex
Duke Cambridge
Duchess Cambridge
Putera Harry dari Wales
Puteri Beatrice dari York
Puteri Eugenie dari York
Lady Louise Windsor
Viscount Severn
Putera George dari Cambridge
Notes
  1. ^ Isteri pertama Putera Wales, Diana, Puteri dari Wales, meninggal sewaktu kemalangan jalan raya pada tahun 1997. Mereka telah bercerai pada tahun 1996. Dia kehilangan gelaran "Yang Teramat Mulia" tetapi kekal sebagai ahli Keluarga Diraja untuk mencerminkan hakikat dia adalah ibu kepada Putera William dan Putera Harry yang masing - masing menduduki tangga ke dua dan ketiga (kedudukan Putera Harry pada waktu itu).

In the United Kingdom[sunting | sunting sumber]

Public role and image[sunting | sunting sumber]

Members of the Royal Family participate in hundreds of public engagements yearly throughout the United Kingdom, as formally recorded in the Court Circular, to honour, encourage and learn about the achievements or endeavours of individuals, institutions and enterprises in a variety of areas of life. As representatives of the Queen, they often also join the nation in commemorating historical events, holidays, celebratory and tragic occurrences, and may also sponsor or participate in numerous charitable, cultural and social activities. Their travels abroad on behalf of the UK (called State Visits when the sovereign officially meets with other heads of state) draw public attention to amicable relations within and between the Commonwealth and other nations, to British goods and trade, and to Britain as a historical, vacation, and tourist destination. Their presence, activities and traditional roles constitute the apex of a modern "royal court," and provide a distinctly British and historical pageantry to ceremonies (e.g. Trooping the Colour) and flavour to public events (e.g. Garden Parties, Ascot). Throughout their lives they draw enormous media coverage in the form of photographic, written and televised commentary on their activities, family relationships, rites of passage, personalities, attire, behaviour, and public roles. Senior members of the royal family often drive themselves instead of having a driver.[3]

In a lengthy interview conducted by PBS prior to the death of Diana, Princess of Wales in August 1997,[4] Max Hastings, editor of the Daily Telegraph between 1986 and 1995, discussed the impact of Andrew Morton's and Jonathan Dimbleby's biographies of, respectively, the Princess and Charles, Prince of Wales on subsequent news coverage of the Royal Family in the UK:

Untuk lebih terperinci berkenaan dengan topik ini, sila lihat [[{{{1}}}]].

Di alam Komanwel lain[sunting | sunting sumber]

As the Royal Family is shared by other Commonwealth realms, its members will often also conduct official and non-official duties outside the United Kingdom, on behalf of the relevant state.

Further information: Royal Family's role in the realms

Lihat juga[sunting | sunting sumber]

Catatan[sunting | sunting sumber]

  1. ^ Sebagai contoh, di Kanada keluarga ini dikenali sebagai Keluarga Diraja Kanada
  2. ^ FAQ: British Royal & Noble Families alt.talk.royalty
  3. ^ BBC News - Prince Andrew 'hit Met officer' with car outside palace
  4. ^ frontline: princess and the press: interview: max hastings

Bacaan lanjut[sunting | sunting sumber]

  • Burke's Guide to the Royal Family. Burke's Peerage, 1973.
  • Cannon, John Ashton. The Oxford Illustrated History of the British Monarchy. Oxford University Press, 1988.
  • Churchill, Randolph S. They Serve the Queen: A New and Authoritative Account of the Royal Household. ("Prepared for Coronation Year") Hutchinson, 1953.
  • Fraser, Antonia (ed). The Lives of the Kings & Queens of England. Revised & updated edition. University of California Press, 1998.
  • Hayden, Ilse. Symbol and Privilege: The Ritual Context of British Royalty. University of Arizona Press, 1987.
  • Longford, Elizabeth Harman (Countess of Longford). The Royal House of Windsor. Revised edition. Crown, 1984.
  • Weir, Alison. Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy. Pimlico/Random House, 2002.
  • Royal Family (1969) is a celebrated and reverential BBC documentary made by Richard Cawston to accompany the investiture of the current Prince of Wales. The documentary is frequently held responsible for the greater press intrusion into the Royal Family's private life since its first broadcast.

Pautan luar[sunting | sunting sumber]

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