Ogham

Ogham
᚛ᚑᚌᚐᚋ᚜
Ogham ; ᚛ᚑᚌᚐᚋ᚜;
	Suatu batu bertulis ditemui tahun 1975 di Ratass Church, Tralee, Kaunti Kerry
Jenis	Abjad
Bahasa	bahasa Ireland Primitif;; bahasa Ireland; bahasa Pict
Tempoh masa	sekitar abad ke-4 hingga ke abad ke–10
Arah tulis	Campuran
ISO 15924	Ogam, 212
Alias Unikod	Ogham
Julat Unikod	U+1680–U+169F
	Rencana ini mengandungi simbol fonetik IPA. Tanpa sokongan pemaparan yang betul, anda mungkin akan melihat tanda soal, kotak atau simbol lain dan bukan aksara Unikod. Untuk panduan pengenalan mengenai simbol IPA, lihat ms:Bantuan:IPA.

Ogham - disebut [o-gĕm] / [ˈɒɡəm]^[4] atau [o-ĕm]/[ˈoːəmˠ] - ialah sebuah sistem tulisan abjad yang pernah digunakan untuk menulis bahasa Ireland kuno dari seawal abad ke-4 hingga abad ke-9. Ia ditemui pada peninggalan bertulis yang banyak ditemui serata Ireland dan barat Britain sekitar 400 buah; terutamanya di selatan Munster^[5] dan Pembrokeshire, Wales.^[6]

Latar belakang[sunting | sunting sumber]

Urutan abjad[sunting | sunting sumber]

Siri abjad ogham asal terdiri daripada 20 aksara khusus (feda), setiap satu daripadanya disusun kepada kesamaan bentuk dalam kelompok tertentu dipanggil aicme. Setiap aicme di

Aicme Beithe - kelompok B, seranjang ke kanan atau bawah

B beith [b] (*betwi-s)
L luis [l] (*lubsti-)
F fearn [w] (*wernā)
S saille [s] (*salik-s)
N nuin [n]

Aicme hÚatha - kelompok H, seranjang ke kiri atau atas

H úath [j] (*osato-)
D duir [d] (*darek-s)
T tinne [t]
C coll [k] (*koslas)
Q ceirt [kʷ] (*kʷer[x]tā)

Aicme Muine - kelompok M, merentas dan menyerong

M muin [m]
G gort [ɡ] (*gorto-s)
NG gétal [ɡʷ] (*gʷēdtlo-)
Z straif [sw] or [ts]?
R ruis [r] (*rudsti-)

Aicme Ailme - kelompok A, merentas dan seranjang

A ailm [a]
O onn [o] (*osno-)
U úr [u]
E edad [e]
I idad [i]

Lima huruf tambahan - forfeda - diperkenalkan kemudian sebagai mewakili bentuk diftong.

Rujukan[sunting | sunting sumber]

^ "Ogham alphabet".
^ "BabelStone: The Ogham Stones of Scotland". 8 Jun 2013. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2019-06-02. Dicapai pada 2019-06-02.
^ https://www.era.lib.ed.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/1842/9863/Padel1972_FULL.pdf;sequence=1
^ "ogham". Oxford English Dictionary (ed. 3rd). Oxford University Press. September 2005. (Langganan atau keahlian perpustakaan awam UK diperlukan.)
^ McManus (1991) is aware of a total of 382 orthodox inscriptions. The later scholastic inscriptions have no definite endpoint and continue into the Middle Irish and even Modern Irish periods, and record also names in other languages, such as Old Norse, (Old) Welsh, Latin and possibly Pictish. See Forsyth, K.; "Abstract: The Three Writing Systems of the Picts." in Black et al. Celtic Connections: Proceedings of the Tenth International Congress of Celtic Studies, Vol. 1. East Linton: Tuckwell Press (1999), p. 508; Richard A. V. Cox, The Language of the Ogam Inscriptions of Scotland, Dept. of Celtic, Aberdeen University ISBN 0-9523911-3-9 [1]; See also The New Companion to the Literature of Wales, by Meic Stephens, p. 540.
^ O'Kelly, Michael J., Early Ireland, an Introduction to Irish Prehistory, p. 251, Cambridge University Press, 1989

Pautan luar[sunting | sunting sumber]

Description and history of the ogham script
TITUS: The Ogham Script & Project Ogamica
Every Ogham Thing on the Web
Irish Ogham Stones

Rencana berkenaan arkeologi ini ialah rencana tunas. Anda boleh membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya.

[1] "Ogham alphabet".

[2] "BabelStone: The Ogham Stones of Scotland". 8 Jun 2013. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2019-06-02. Dicapai pada 2019-06-02.

[3] ttps://www.era.lib.ed.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/1842/9863/Padel1972_FULL.pdf;sequence=1

[4] "ogham". Oxford English Dictionary (ed. 3rd). Oxford University Press. September 2005. (Langganan atau keahlian perpustakaan awam UK diperlukan.)

[5] McManus (1991) is aware of a total of 382 orthodox inscriptions. The later scholastic inscriptions have no definite endpoint and continue into the Middle Irish and even Modern Irish periods, and record also names in other languages, such as Old Norse, (Old) Welsh, Latin and possibly Pictish. See Forsyth, K.; "Abstract: The Three Writing Systems of the Picts." in Black et al. Celtic Connections: Proceedings of the Tenth International Congress of Celtic Studies, Vol. 1. East Linton: Tuckwell Press (1999), p. 508; Richard A. V. Cox, The Language of the Ogam Inscriptions of Scotland, Dept. of Celtic, Aberdeen University ISBN 0-9523911-3-9 [1]; See also The New Companion to the Literature of Wales, by Meic Stephens, p. 540.

[6] O'Kelly, Michael J., Early Ireland, an Introduction to Irish Prehistory, p. 251, Cambridge University Press, 1989

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