Presiden Venezuela
Presiden Venezuela ialah ketua negara dan ketua kerajaan Venezuela. Sistem presiden semasa memperuntukkan tempoh 6 tahun bagi setiap penggal sehingga pilihan raya baru diadakan semula. Dalam pada itu pungutan undi boleh diadakan bila-bila masa dalam tempoh tiga tahun presiden berkuasa.
Jawatan presiden diberi kepada seseorang yang memenangi dalam pilihan raya sebagaimana deklarasi kemerdekaan selepas era pemerintahan penjajahan Sepanyol di Venezuela yang bermula 5 Julai 1811. Presiden pertama negara Venezela ialah Cristobal Mendoza.
Selepas kemerdekaan menerusi Peperangan Amerika Selatan dan selepas era Gran Colombia, ia dikenali sebagai Venezuela sekarang. Ada tempoh kekosongan antara tahun 1814 hingga 1819. Kongres Angostora telah melantik Simon Bolivar menjadi Ketua Pemerintah Republik Venezuela dari 1819 hingga 1830. Senarai dibawah termasuk tokoh pemangku jawatan presiden.
Senarai Presiden Venezuela[sunting | sunting sumber]
Fifth Republic Movement Bebas Kerajaan tentera Democratic Action COPEI
# (unique) |
# (all) |
# (selected all) |
Presiden | Tarikh menjawat | Cara menjawat | Pekerjaan | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 1 | ![]() |
Cristóbal Mendoza | 1811-1813 | Dilantik oleh Kongres Pertama | Peguam / Ahli politik |
2 | 2 | 2 | ![]() |
Simón Bolívar | 1813-1814 | Pilihan tidak langsung | Jeneral tentera |
3 | 3 | 2 | ![]() |
Simón Bolívar | 1819-1830 | Pilihan tidak langsung | Jeneral tentera |
4 | 4 | 3 | ![]() |
José Antonio Páez | 1830-1835 | Pilihan tidak langsung | Jeneral tentera |
5 | — | 5 | ![]() |
Andrés Narvarte | 1835-1835 | Pemangku Presiden | Peguam / Ahli politik |
6 | 5 | 4 | ![]() |
José María Vargas | 1835-1835 | Pilihan tidak langsung | Doktor |
7 | — | — | ![]() |
Santiago Mariño | 1835-1835 | Pemangku Presiden | Tentera / Ahli politik |
8 | — | 6 | José María Carreño | 1835-1835 | Pemangku Presiden | Jeneral tentera | |
9 | — | 4 | ![]() |
José María Vargas | 1835-1836 | Pengembalian | Doktor |
10 | 6 | 5 | ![]() |
Andrés Narvarte | 1836-1837 | Penjaga sementara | Peguam / Ahli politik |
11 | 7 | 6 | José María Carreño | 1837-1837 | Penjaga sementara | Jeneral tentera | |
12 | 8 | 7 | ![]() |
Carlos Soublette | 1837-1839 | Penjaga sementara | Jeneral tentera |
13 | 9 | 3 | ![]() |
José Antonio Páez | 1839-1843 | Pilihan tidak langsung | Jeneral tentera |
14 | 10 | 7 | ![]() |
Carlos Soublette | 1843-1847 | Pilihan tidak langsung | Jeneral tentera |
15 | 11 | 8 | ![]() |
José Tadeo Monagas | 1847-1851 | Pilihan tidak langsung | Jeneral tentera |
16 | 12 | 9 | ![]() |
José Gregorio Monagas | 1851-1855 | Pilihan tidak langsung | Jeneral tentera |
17 | 13 | 8 | ![]() |
José Tadeo Monagas | 1855-1858 | Pilihan tidak langsung | Jeneral tentera |
18 | 14 | 10 | Pedro Gual Escandon | 1858-1858 | — | — | |
19 | 15 | 11 | ![]() |
Julián Castro | 1858-1859 | Rampasan kuasa | Jeneral tentera |
20 | 16 | 10 | Pedro Gual Escandon | 1859-1859 | — | — | |
21 | 17 | 11 | ![]() |
Manuel Felipe Tovar | 1859-1861 | Rampasan kuasa (penggal pertama); pilihan raya langsung (penggal kedua) |
Ahli politik |
22 | 18 | 10 | Pedro Gual Escandon | 1861-1861 | — | — | |
23 | 19 | 3 | ![]() |
José Antonio Páez | 1861-1863 | — | — |
24 | 20 | 12 | ![]() |
Juan Crisóstomo Falcón | 1863 - 1865 | Menang dalam Perang Persekutuan (penggal pertama) | — |
25 | 20 | 12 | ![]() |
Juan Crisóstomo Falcón | 1865 - April 1868 | Pilihan tidak langsung (penggal kedua) | Jeneral tentera |
26 | 21 | 13 | ![]() |
Manuel Ezequiel Bruzual | 1868-1868 | — | — |
27 | 22 | 14 | ![]() |
Guillermo Tell Villegas | 1868-1869 | — | — |
28 | 23 | 15 | ![]() |
José Ruperto Monagas | 1869-1870 | Revolusi | Jeneral tentera |
29 | 24 | 14 | ![]() |
Guillermo Tell Villegas | 1870-1870 | — | — |
30 | 25 | 16 | Antonio Guzmán Blanco | 1870-1877 | Revolusi (penggal pertama) | Peguam / Jeneral tentera | |
31 | 25 | 16 | Antonio Guzmán Blanco | 1870-1877 | Pilihan tidak langsung (penggal kedua) | Peguam / Jeneral tentera | |
32 | 26 | 17 | ![]() |
Francisco Linares Alcántara | 1877-1878 | Pilihan tidak langsung | Jeneral tentera |
33 | 27 | 18 | ![]() |
José Gregorio Varela | 1878-1878 | — | — |
34 | 28 | 16 | Antonio Guzmán Blanco | 1879-1880 | Pilihan raya Negeri Persekutuan | Peguam / Jeneral tentera | |
35 | 28 | 16 | Antonio Guzmán Blanco | 1880-1882 | Pilihan raya Negeri Persekutuan | Peguam / Jeneral tentera | |
36 | 28 | 16 | Antonio Guzmán Blanco | 1882-1884 | Pilihan raya Negeri Persekutuan | Peguam / Jeneral tentera | |
37 | 29 | 18 | ![]() |
Joaquín Sinforiano de Jesús Crespo | 1884-1886 | Pilihan raya Negeri Persekutuan | Jeneral tentera |
38 | 30 | 16 | Antonio Guzmán Blanco | 1886-1887 | Pilihan raya Negeri Persekutuan | Peguam / Jeneral tentera | |
39 | 31 | 19 | ![]() |
Hermógenes López | 1887 - 1888 | Penjaga sementara | Jeneral tentera |
40 | 32 | 20 | Fail:Rojapaul.jpg | Juan Pablo Rojas Paúl | 1888 - 1890 | Pilihan raya Negeri Persekutuan | Peguam |
41 | 33 | 27 | Fail:Presidente Raimundo Andueza.jpg | Raimundo Andueza Palacio | 1890-1892 | Pilihan raya Negeri Persekutuan | Peguam |
42 | 34 | — | ![]() |
Guillermo Tell Villegas | 1892-1892 | — | — |
43 | 35 | 28 | ![]() |
Joaquín Sinforiano de Jesús Crespo | 1892-1894 | Revolusi | Jeneral tentera |
44 | 35 | 29 | ![]() |
Joaquín Sinforiano de Jesús Crespo | 1894-1898 | Revolusi | Jeneral tentera |
45 | 36 | 30 | Fail:PresidenteIgnacioAndrade.jpg | Ignacio Andrade | 1898-1899 | Pilihan raya langsung | Ahli politik |
46 | 37 | 31 | Fail:PresidenteCiprianoCastro.jpg | Cipriano Castro Ruiz | 1899-1908 | Revolusi | Jeneral tentera |
47 | 38 | 32 | ![]() |
Juan Vicente Gómez | 1908-1914 | Rampasan kuasa | Jeneral tentera |
48 | 39 | — | Fail:PresidenteVictorinoMarquezBustillos.jpg | Victorino Márquez Bustillos | 1915-1922 | Appointed provisional president[1] | Peguam / Ahli politik |
49 | 40 | 32 | ![]() |
Juan Vicente Gómez | 1922-1929 | — | — |
50 | 41 | — | ![]() |
Juan Bautista Pérez | 30 Mei 1929 - 13 Jun 1931 | Pilihan tidak langsung by the National Assembly | Peguam / magistrate |
51 | 42 | 32 | ![]() |
Juan Vicente Gómez | 1931-1935 | Pilihan tidak langsung by the National Assembly | Jeneral tentera |
52 | 43 | 33 | Fail:PresidenteEleazarLopez.jpg | Eleazar López Contreras | 1935-1936 | Penjaga sementara (penggal pertama) | — |
53 | 43 | 34 | Fail:PresidenteEleazarLopez.jpg | Eleazar López Contreras | 1936-1941 | Pilihan tidak langsung (penggal kedua) | Jeneral tentera |
54 | 44 | 35 | Fail:PresidenteIsaiasMedinaAngarita1.jpg | Isaías Medina Angarita | 1941-1945 | Pilihan tidak langsung | Jeneral tentera |
55 | 45 | 36 | ![]() |
Rómulo Ernesto Betancourt Bello | October 18, 1945 - 17 February, 1948 | Rampasan kuasa | Ahli politik |
56 | 46 | 37 | Fail:President Gallegos.jpg | Rómulo Gallegos Freire | February 17, 1948 - 24 November, 1948 | Pilihan raya langsung | Writer / Novelist |
57 | 47 | 38 | Fail:PresidenteDelgadoChalbaud.jpg | Carlos Delgado Chalbaud | November 24, 1948 - 13 November, 1950 | Rampasan kuasa | Military officer |
58 | 48 | 39 | Fail:Germán Suárez Flamerich 1.jpg | Germán Suárez Flamerich | November 13, 1950 - 2 December, 1952 | Penjaga sementara | Peguam |
59 | 49 | 40 | Marcos Pérez Jiménez | December 2, 1952 - 23 January, 1958 | Pilihan tidak langsung | Military officer | |
60 | 50 | 41 | Wolfgang Larrazábal | January 23, 1958 - 14 November, 1958 | Rampasan kuasa | Rear admiral | |
61 | 51 | 42 | Fail:Edgar Sanabria 1.jpg | Edgar Sanabria | November 14, 1958 - 13 February, 1959 | Penjaga sementara | Peguam |
62 | 52 | 43 | ![]() |
Rómulo Ernesto Betancourt Bello | February 13, 1959 - 13 March, 1964 | Pilihan raya langsung | Ahli politik |
63 | 53 | 44 | Fail:PresidenteRaulLeoni.jpg | Raúl Leoni Otero | March 13, 1964 - 11 March, 1969 | Pilihan raya langsung | Peguam |
64 | 54 | 45 | Fail:Caldera6.jpg | Rafael Caldera Rodríguez | March 11, 1969 - 12 March, 1974 | Pilihan raya langsung | Peguam |
65 | 55 | 46 | Fail:CAP, 1979.jpg | Carlos Andrés Pérez Rodríguez | March 12, 1974 - 12 March, 1979 | Pilihan raya langsung | Ahli politik |
66 | 56 | 47 | Luis Herrera Campins | March 12, 1979 - 2 February, 1984 | Pilihan raya langsung | Peguam | |
67 | 57 | 48 | Fail:Jaime Lusinchi 1.jpg | Jaime Lusinchi | February 2, 1984 - 2 February, 1989 | Pilihan raya langsung | Doktor |
68 | 58 | 49 | Fail:CAP 2do periodo.jpg | Carlos Andrés Pérez Rodríguez[2] | February 2, 1989 - 21 May, 1993 | Pilihan raya langsung | Ahli politik |
69 | — | — | Fail:Lepage 1.jpg | Octavio Lepage Barreto[3] | May 21, 1993 - 5 June, 1993 | Interim president | Peguam / Ahli politik |
70 | 59 | 50 | Ramón José Velásquez | June 5, 1993 - 2 February, 1994 | Interim president | Writer | |
71 | 60 | 51 | Fail:Rafael Caldera 1.jpg | Rafael Caldera Rodríguez | February 2, 1994 - 2 February 1999 | Pilihan raya langsung | Peguam |
72 | 61 | 52 | Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías | 2 February 1999 - 10 January 2001 | Pilihan raya langsung | Military officer (Lt. colonel) | |
73 | 62 | 52 | Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías | 10 January 2001 - 10 January 2007[4] | Pilihan raya langsung | Military officer (Lt. colonel) | |
74 | 63 | 52 | Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías | 10 January 2007 - 5 Mac 2013 | Pilihan raya langsung | Military officer (Lt. colonel) | |
74 | 64 | 53 | 50px | Nicolás Maduro | 14 April 2013 - Kini | Pemangku Presiden | Ahli Politik |
Rujukan[sunting | sunting sumber]
- ^ Bustillos was appointed to the presidency in a provisional fashion after Juan Vicente Gómez, after himself being elected (by the National Assembly) as president. Gómez opted not to assume the presidency, instead choosing to continue in the role of directing the Venezuelan army.
- ^ On May 21 1993 Pérez resigned after being accused of corruption by the Attorney General.
- ^ Octavio Lepage was the President of Congress and was in charge of the government until Ramón J. Velásquez was elected by Congress on June 5, 1993.
- ^ On April 11, 2002, senior military officers refused Chávez's orders to carry out Plan Ávila. They arrested Chávez, saying he had resigned, and Pedro Carmona Estanga assumed the presidency. Following an uprising, aided by sectors of the military loyal to Chávez, the new government collapsed and Chávez was restored to power early on April 15 2002. Between the deposing of Carmona and the return of Chávez, Vice President Diosdado Cabello assumed the presidency.
Pautan luar[sunting | sunting sumber]
Rencana ini ialah rencana tunas. Anda boleh membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya. |
Jika anda melihat rencana yang menggunakan templat {{tunas}} ini, gantikanlah ia dengan templat tunas yang lebih spesifik.