Dermatitis seborea
| Dermatitis seborea | |
|---|---|
| Pengelasan dan sumber luaran | |
 |
|
| ICD-10 | L21. |
| ICD-9 | 690 |
| P. Data Penyakit | 11911 |
| MedlinePlus | 000963 |
| eMedicine | derm/396 |
| MeSH | D012628 |
 Penafian perubatan |
|
Dermatitis seborea (bahasa Inggeris Seborrhoeic eczema / Seborrheic dermatitis) merupakan sejenis penyakit kulit yang disebabkan oleh kulat. Masalah ini mampu menjangkiti kulit kepala, muka, dan tubuh menyebabkan kulit merah, bersisik, berkeruping, gatal, dan merah. Ia biasanya menyerang kawasan kulit yang kaya dengan kelenjar-sebum.
Isi kandungan |
Punca [sunting]
Punca dermatitis seborea masih tidak diketahui dengan tepat, sungguhpun banyak faktor telah dikaitkan. Yis yang banyak terdapat, Malassezia furfur (dahulunya dikenali sebagai Pityrosporum ovale), terbabit,[1][2] as well as genetic, environmental, hormonal, and immune-system factors.[3][4] A suggestion that seborrhoeic dermatitis is an inflammatory response to this yeast has yet to be proven.[5] Mereka yang menghidap dermatitis seborea mempunyai tindakbalas epidermis tidak baik kepada jangkitan, dengan kulit menjadi radang dan berkeruping.
Bagi kanak-kanak, pengambilan vitamin A berlebihan mampu menyebabkan dermatitis seborea.[6] Lack of biotin,[7] pyridoxine (vitamin B6)[7][8] and riboflavin (vitamin B2)[7] may also be a cause.
Kehilangan rambut [sunting]
Kesan sampingan kepada keradangan mungkin termasuk kehilangan rambut sementara. Sekiranya ia berlarutan tanpa dirawat bagi tempoh jangka masa yang lama, kehilangan rambut kekal mungkin berlaku akibat kerosakan folikle rambut.
Rawatan [sunting]
 |
Tolong bantu menterjemahkan sebahagian rencana ini. Rencana ini memerlukan kemaskini dalam Bahasa Melayu piawai Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. Sila membantu, bahan-bahan boleh didapati di Seborrhoeic dermatitis. Sumber-sumber bantuan: Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu. |
Sabun dan detergen seperti sodium laureth sulfate[petikan diperlukan] may precipitate a flare-up, as they strip moisture from the top layers of the skin, and the drying property of these can cause flare-ups and may worsen the condition.[perlu rujukan] Accordingly a suitable alternative should be used instead.
Among dermatologist recommended treatments are shampoos containing coal tar, ciclopiroxolamine ketoconazole, selenium sulfide, or zinc pyrithione.[9] For severe disease, keratolytics such as salicylic acid or coal tar preparations may be used to remove dense scale. Topical terbinafine solution (1%) has also been shown to be effective in the treatment of scalp seborrhoea,[10] as may lotions containing alpha hydroxy acids or corticosteroids (such as fluocinolone acetonide). Pimecrolimus topical lotion is also sometimes prescribed.
Chronic treatment with topical corticosteroids may lead to permanent skin changes, such as atrophy and telangiectasia.[11][12]
UV-A and UV-B light inhibit the growth of M. furfur,[13] although caution should be taken to avoid sun damage.
Those with seborrhoeic dermatitis might benefit from biotin supplements. One might also try a humidifier by the bed, as well as a gentle moisturizer with or without oatmeal. Applying milk of magnesia may help clear up seborrheic dermatitis; one may apply on the face while showering and rinse off at the end of the shower.[14]
Plant-based treatments [sunting]
Templat:Main article The World Health Organization mentions Aloe vera gel as a yet to be scientifically proven traditional medicine treatment for Seborrhoeic dermatitis.[15]
- Arctium lappa (Burdock) oil[16]
- Chelidonium majus (Celandine)[16]
- Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice)[16]
- Melaleuca (Tea tree) species[16]
- Plantago (Plantain) species[16]
- Symphytum officinale (Comfrey)[16]
- Zingiber officinale (Ginger) root juice[16]
Lihat juga [sunting]
- Echinopsis peruviana
Rujukan [sunting]
- ↑ Hay R, Graham-Brown R (1997). "Dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis: causes and management". Clin Exp Dermatol 22 (1): 3–6. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2230.1997.d01-231.x. PMID 9330043.
- ↑ Nowicki R (2006). "[Modern management of dandruff]". Pol Merkur Lekarski 20 (115): 121–4. PMID 16617752.
- ↑ Am Fam Physician 2000;61:2703-10,2713-4
- ↑ Janniger C, Schwartz R (1995). "Seborrheic dermatitis". Am Fam Physician 52 (1): 149–55, 159–60. PMID 7604759.
- ↑ Parry M, Sharpe G (1998). "Seborrheic dermatitis is not caused by an altered immune response to Malassezia yeast". Br J Dermatol 139 (2): 254–63. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2133.1998.02362.x. PMID 9767239.
- ↑ "MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Hypervitaminosis A". www.nlm.nih.gov. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000350.htm. Capaian 2008-03-19.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 "Seborrheic Dermatitis: An Overview - July 1, 2006 -- American Family Physician". www.aafp.org. http://www.aafp.org/afp/20060701/125.html. Capaian 2008-03-19.
- ↑ "eMedicine - Nutritional Neuropathy : Article by R Andrew Sewell". www.emedicine.com. http://www.emedicine.com/NEURO/topic278.htm. Capaian 2008-03-19.
- ↑ Schwartz R, Janusz C, Janniger C (2006). "Seborrheic dermatitis: an overview". Am Fam Physician 74 (1): 125–30. PMID 16848386. http://www.aafp.org/afp/20060701/125.html.
- ↑ Faergemann J, Jones J, Hettler O, Loria Y (Jun 1996). "Pityrosporum ovale (Malassezia furfur) as the causative agent of seborrheic dermatitis: new treatment options". Br J Dermatol 134 Suppl 46: 12–5: discussion 38. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb15652.x. PMID 8763461.
- ↑ Smith J, Wehr R, Chalker D (1976). "Corticosteroid-induced cutaneous atrophy and telangiectasia. Experimental production associated with weight loss in rats". Arch Dermatol 112 (8): 1115–7. doi:10.1001/archderm.112.8.1115. PMID 952530.
- ↑ Scheinfeld N (2005). "Seborrheic dermatitis". Skinmed 4 (1): 49–50. doi:10.1111/j.1540-9740.2005.03961.x. PMID 15654167. http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/499706.
- ↑ Wikler J, Janssen N, Bruynzeel D, Nieboer C (1990). "The effect of UV-light on pityrosporum yeasts: ultrastructural changes and inhibition of growth". Acta Derm Venereol 70 (1): 69–71. PMID 1967880.
- ↑ Graedon, Joe; Graedon, Teresa (2008-04-17), "The People's Pharmacy", Atlanta Journal Constitution Evening Edge (Atlanta Journal Constitution): 15
- ↑ "WHO Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants - Volume 1: Aloe Vera Gel". www.who.int. http://www.who.int/medicinedocs/en/d/Js2200e.6. Capaian 2008-03-18.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.5 16.6 "The Green Pharmacy: New Discoveries ... - Google Book Search". books.google.com. http://books.google.com/books?id=N-Uus_kjkNUC&pg=PA154&lpg=PA154&dq=plants+for+treating+seborrhea&source=web&ots=u4fzYOLFsb&sig=cpWVYu2MB5a3dqNC17QRX7qYhcw&hl=en#PPA154,M1. Capaian 2008-03-19.
