Dimer protein

Dalam biokimia, dimer protein ialah kompleks makromolekul atau multimer yang dibentuk oleh dua monomer protein, atau protein tunggal, yang biasanya tidak terikat secara kovalen. Banyak makromolekul seperti protein atau asid nukleik membentuk dimer. Perkataan dimer mempunyai akar yang bermaksud "dua bahagian", di- + -mer. Dimer protein ialah sejenis struktur kuaterner protein.

Protein homodimer dibentuk oleh dua proteins yang serupa, manakala protein heterodimer dibentuk oleh dua protein yang berbeza.

Kebanyakan dimer protein dalam biokimia tidak terikat dengan ikatan kovalen. Satu contoh heterodimer bukan kovalen ialah enzim transkiptase terbalik yang terdiri daripada dua rantai asid amino berbeza.^[1] Satu pengecualian ialah dimer yang berhubung dengan ikatan disulfida seperti protein homodimer NEMO.^[2]

Sesetengah protein memiliki domain khas untuk menjamin pendimeran (domain pendimeran) dan pengkhususan.^[3]

Reseptor kanabinoid bergandingan G mempunyai keupayaan untuk membentuk kedua-dua homo- dan heterodimer dengan beberapa jenis reseptor seperti reseptor mu-opioid, dopamina dan adenosina A2.^[4]

Contoh[sunting | sunting sumber]

Faktor transkripsi
- Protein motif zip leusina
Protein 14-3-3
Glikoprotein permukaan boleh ubah parasit Trypanosoma
Tubulin
Beberapa faktor penggumpalan
Beberapa reseptor
- Reseptor nukleus
- Dimer subunit βγ protein G
- Reseptor seperti tol
- Tirosina kinase reseptor
Beberapa enzim

Rujukan[sunting | sunting sumber]

^ Sluis-Cremer N, Hamamouch N, San Félix A, Velazquez S, Balzarini J, Camarasa MJ (August 2006). "Structure-activity relationships of [2',5'-bis-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-beta-D-ribofuranosyl]- 3'-spiro-5' '-(4' '-amino-1' ',2' '-oxathiole-2' ',2' '-dioxide)thymine derivatives as inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase dimerization". J. Med. Chem. 49 (16): 4834–41. doi:10.1021/jm0604575. PMID 16884295.
^ Herscovitch M, Comb W, Ennis T, Coleman K, Yong S, Armstead B, Kalaitzidis D, Chandani S, Gilmore TD (February 2008). "Intermolecular disulfide bond formation in the NEMO dimer requires Cys54 and Cys347". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 367 (1): 103–8. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.12.123. PMC 2277332. PMID 18164680.
^ Amoutzias, Grigoris D.; Robertson, David L.; Van de Peer, Yves; Oliver, Stephen G. (2008-05-01). "Choose your partners: dimerization in eukaryotic transcription factors". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 33 (5): 220–229. doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2008.02.002. ISSN 0968-0004. PMID 18406148.
^ Filipiuc, Leontina Elena; Ababei, Daniela Carmen; Alexa-Stratulat, Teodora; Pricope, Cosmin Vasilica; Bild, Veronica; Stefanescu, Raluca; Stanciu, Gabriela Dumitrita; Tamba, Bogdan-Ionel (2021-11-01). "Major Phytocannabinoids and Their Related Compounds: Should We Only Search for Drugs That Act on Cannabinoid Receptors?". Pharmaceutics. 13 (11): 1823. doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics13111823. ISSN 1999-4923. PMC 8625816 Check |pmc= value (bantuan). PMID 34834237 Check |pmid= value (bantuan).

[pmid16884295-1] Sluis-Cremer N, Hamamouch N, San Félix A, Velazquez S, Balzarini J, Camarasa MJ (August 2006). "Structure-activity relationships of [2',5'-bis-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-beta-D-ribofuranosyl]- 3'-spiro-5' '-(4' '-amino-1' ',2' '-oxathiole-2' ',2' '-dioxide)thymine derivatives as inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase dimerization". J. Med. Chem. 49 (16): 4834–41. doi:10.1021/jm0604575. PMID 16884295.

[pmid18164680-2] Herscovitch M, Comb W, Ennis T, Coleman K, Yong S, Armstead B, Kalaitzidis D, Chandani S, Gilmore TD (February 2008). "Intermolecular disulfide bond formation in the NEMO dimer requires Cys54 and Cys347". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 367 (1): 103–8. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.12.123. PMC 2277332. PMID 18164680.

[3] Amoutzias, Grigoris D.; Robertson, David L.; Van de Peer, Yves; Oliver, Stephen G. (2008-05-01). "Choose your partners: dimerization in eukaryotic transcription factors". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 33 (5): 220–229. doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2008.02.002. ISSN 0968-0004. PMID 18406148.

[4] Filipiuc, Leontina Elena; Ababei, Daniela Carmen; Alexa-Stratulat, Teodora; Pricope, Cosmin Vasilica; Bild, Veronica; Stefanescu, Raluca; Stanciu, Gabriela Dumitrita; Tamba, Bogdan-Ionel (2021-11-01). "Major Phytocannabinoids and Their Related Compounds: Should We Only Search for Drugs That Act on Cannabinoid Receptors?". Pharmaceutics. 13 (11): 1823. doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics13111823. ISSN 1999-4923. PMC 8625816 Check |pmc= value (bantuan). PMID 34834237 Check |pmid= value (bantuan).

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