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Dolce & Gabbana (sunting)

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| type = [[Società a Responsabilità Limitata#Italy|Società a responsabilità limitata]]
| traded_as =
| industry = RuncitRetail
| fate =
| predecessor =
| location_country = [[Itali]]
| locations = <!-- Number of locations, stores, offices &c. -->
| area_served = WorldwideDi seluruh dunia
| key_people = {{Unbulleted list|Alfonso Dolce, CEO|Cristiana Ruella, COO}}
| products = Pakaian, kasut, beg tangan, cermin mata hitam, jam tangan, barang kemas, minyak wangi dan kosmetik.
}}
 
'''Dolce & Gabbana''' ({{IPA-it|ˈdoltʃe e ɡɡabˈbaːna}})<!-- don't edit this pronunciation, see SYNTACTIC GEMINATION --> adalahis sebuahan Italian luxury [[rumahfashion fesyenhouse]] mewah Itali<ref name="Vernon">{{cite news | url = http://observer.guardian.co.uk/focus/story/0,6903,1418537,00.html | title = Mixing business and pleasure | date = 20 February 2005 | accessdate =27 July 2007 | last = Vernon | first = Polly |location=London |work=The Guardian }}</ref> diasaskanfounded pada tahunin 1985 diin [[Legnano]] olehby perekaItalian Italidesigners [[Domenico Dolce]] danand [[Stefano Gabbana]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/dolce-gabbana_(Dizionario-di-Economia-e-Finanza)/ |publisher=Dizionario di Economia e Finanza – Enciclopedia italiana |date= |accessdate=17 November 2014 |title=Dolce & Gabbana |author=|language=it}}</ref>
 
Kedua-duanya bertemu di [[Milan]] pada tahun 1980 dan direka bentuk untuk rumah fesyen yang sama. Pada tahun 1982, mereka menubuhkan sebuah studio perunding pereka; pada masa ia berkembang menjadi "Dolce & Gabbana". Mereka mempersembahkan koleksi wanita pertama mereka pada tahun 1985<ref name=Givhan2012>{{cite news|last=Givhan|first=Robin|title=Ob-la-di, Ob-la-da, Bras Go On|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/2012/03/18/the-evolution-of-the-bra-from-mad-men-s-day-to-our-own.html|accessdate=15 October 2012|newspaper=Newsweek|date=2 April 2012}}</ref> diin Milan, diwhere manaa setahunyear kemudianlater kedaitheir merekastore akanwould membukaopen pintuits doors.
 
Pada tahun 1988, mereka melancarkan garis leotard, dan pada tahun 1989 mereka mula merancang pakaian dalam dan pakaian renang. Dolce & Gabbana mula mengeksport produk mereka ke Jepun dan negara-negara lain termasuk Amerika Syarikat, di mana mereka menubuhkan bilik pameran mereka sendiri pada tahun 1990. Pada tahun 1992, pada tahun yang sama mereka menyampaikan koleksi lelaki mereka, mereka juga melancarkan minyak wangi pertama mereka Dolce & Gabbana. Mereka memenangi anugerah [[Woolmark]] pada tahun 1991, dan Perfume's Academy "Most Feminine Flavor of the Year" (Rasa Paling Feminin Tahun" Ini) pada tahun 1993 untuk wangi mereka Dolce & Gabbana Parfum. Pada penghujung tahun 1990-an, pendapatan syarikat sekitar $ [[Dolar Amerika Syarikat|AS$]]500&nbsp;juta dan pada tahun 2003 pendapatan mereka mencapai $ 633&nbsp; juta. Menjelang tahun 2005, perolehan mereka [[Euro|€]] 600 juta.<ref name="Vogue.com UK">{{cite web | title = Who's Who – Dolce & Gabbana Biography | publisher = Vogue.com UK | url = http://www.vogue.co.uk/biographies/080421-dolce--gabbana-biography.aspx | accessdate = 27 May 2008 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080907145531/http://www.vogue.co.uk/biographies/080421-dolce--gabbana-biography.aspx | archivedate = 7 September 2008 | df = dmy-all }}</ref>
 
== Rumah reka bentuk ==
 
=== Koleksi awal ===
Koleksi pertama dari kedua-dua reka bentuk telah ditunjukkan pada bulan Oktober 1985<ref name="Givhan2012"/><ref name=BPRT>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H5oadQtleT4C&pg=PA206&dq=history+of+dolce+and+gabbana+collections&hl=en&sa=X&ei=i9GiT9TPDvD16AGWyNnQCA&ved=0CEoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=history%20of%20dolce%20and%20gabbana%20collections&f=false |title=The Great Fashion Designers |author=Brenda Polan and Roger Trendre |year=2009 |publisher=Berg |page=206}}</ref> bersama-sama lima label Itali lain-lain yang muncul sebagai sebahagian daripada [[Minggu Fesyen Milan]]. Kedua-duanya tidak mempunyai cukup wang untuk menyewa model atau menyediakan aksesori untuk mereka, jadi mereka mencari bantuan daripada rakan-rakan mereka. Peragawati (kawan mereka) hanya memakai barang peribadi mereka untuk melengkapi pakaian. Mereka menggunakan lembaran tempat tidur yang dibawa Dolce dari rumah sebagai tirai panggung mereka.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/europe/07/16/dolce.gabbana.interview/index.html |title=Dolce & Gabbana: Fashion’s golden duo |date=21 July 2012 |accessdate=29 May 2012 |publisher=[[CNN International]] |author=Stefanie Blendis and Gisella Deputato}}</ref>
 
Pasangan itu melabel koleksi pertama mereka ''Wanita Sejati'', kerana sebahagiannya menggunakan wanita tempatan sebagai model di landasan.<ref name=BPRT /> Jualan dari koleksi pertama mereka cukup mengecewakan untuk Gabbana untuk membatalkan pesanan kain mereka akan membuat koleksi kedua mereka. Walau bagaimanapun, keluarga Dolce menawarkan untuk menolong kos mereka apabila kedua-dua mereka melawatnya di [[Sicily]] selama Krismas, sementara secara kebetulan, syarikat kain itu tidak menerima notis pembatalan pada masa sehingga kain sudah siap untuk mereka kembali di Milan ketika mereka kembali.<ref name=TNY>{{cite news |title=Hands and Eyes: When Dolce met Gabbana |author= John Seabrook |publisher=[[The New Yorker]]| date=14 March 2005 |url=http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2005/03/14/050314fa_fact1?currentPage=all}}</ref> They produced the next collection in 1986 and opened their first store that same year.<ref name=BPRT /> [[Michael Gross (penulis)|Michael Gross]] menulis koleksi ketiga mereka dalam wawancara pada tahun 1992, "Mereka adalah rahsia yang hanya diketahui oleh segelintir editor fesyen Itali. Beberapa model mereka berubah di belakang layar reyot. kain T-shirt-kapas dan elastik-sutera, Transformasi. " Pakaian dalam koleksi ini datang dengan petunjuk mengenai tujuh cara yang berbeza yang boleh dipakai dalam pakaian, kerana pemakai boleh menggunakan [[Velcro]] dan merangkul untuk mengubah bentuk pakaian.<ref name=MGNYM />
 
Koleksi keempat mereka adalah yang pertama untuk memberi impak besar kepada pasaran fesyen Itali. Dalam koleksi ini, Dolce menarik akarnya dari Sicily. Kempen pengiklanan koleksi ditembak oleh jurugambar [[Ferdinando Scianna]] di Sicily, dan menampilkan model Belanda [[Marpessa Hennink]] dalam gambar hitam dan putih<ref name=italia>{{cite journal|last1=Locatelli|first1=Rossella|title=Marpessa - Vogue Italia Encyclo|journal=Vogue Italia|url=http://www.vogue.it/en/encyclo/people/m/marpessa|accessdate=7 April 2015}}</ref><ref name=clase>{{cite journal|last1=Muñoz Martinez-Mora|first1=Ines|title=Marpessa Clase Superior|journal=Vogue España|date=May 2013|pages=206–216|accessdate=9 April 2015|trans-title=Marpessa Top Class|language=Spanish}}</ref> diilhamkan oleh pawagam Itali tahun 1940-an. Mereka meneruskan penggunaan pawagam Itali sebagai inspirasi dalam koleksi kelima mereka, melukiskan karya pembuat filem [[Luchino Visconti]] dan filemnya [[The Leopard (filem 1963)|The Leopard]]''.<ref name=BPRT />
 
Salah satu daripada koleksi yang keempat mereka diberi label "The Sicilian Dress" oleh akhbar fesyen, dan dinamakan oleh pengarang Hal Rubenstein sebagai salah satu daripada 100 pakaian paling penting yang pernah direka. Ia dianggap sebagai bahagian paling penting dalam era ini untuk jenama. Rubenstein menyifatkan bahagian itu pada tahun 2012 dengan menulis, "Pakaian Sicily adalah inti dari Dolce & Gabbana, batu permata sartorial jenama. Pakaian berpakaian dari slip-tetapi ia adalah satu slip yang dihiasi [[Anna Magnani]], dan ia siluet yang telah menghiasi [[Anita Ekberg]], [[Sophia Loren]], [dan sebagainya]. Tali itu menyerupai badan dengan ketat seperti tali pinggang bra, garis leher berjalan lurus tetapi mendapat sekurang-kurangnya dua kali, sekali di setiap sisi untuk membelai setiap payudara dan di tengah-tengah untuk menemui tuck uplifting yang memberikan dorongan lembut. Slip tidak hanya meluncur ke bawah, tetapi masuk ke pinggang untuk memegang angka tegas tetapi tidak terlalu ketat dan kemudian melebar untuk menekankan pinggul, hanya untuk jatuh dengan tirus sedikit di lutut untuk menjamin bahawa pinggul akan bergoyang ketika pemakai berjalan."<ref name=HB>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KvzSrWl5QP0C&pg=PT202&dq=dolce+and+gabbana+collection&hl=en&sa=X&ei=_zu1T-uFBMmF6QHWh-XtDw&ved=0CGYQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=dolce%20and%20gabbana%20collection&f=false |title=100 Unforgettable Dresses |author=Hal Rubenstein |publisher=Harper Collins |year=2012}}</ref>
 
=== 1980-an dan 1990-an ===
Pada tahun 1987, kedua-dua mereka melancarkan pakaian rajutan yang berasingan dan pada tahun 1989, mereka mula merancang pakaian dalam pakaian dan pakaian pakaian renang. Dua tahun kemudian, mereka melancarkan garis leotard mereka. Pada tahun 1989, Dolce & Gabbana membuka kedai pertama mereka di Jepun dengan kerjasama Kashiyama Co. Mereka mula mengeksport produk mereka ke Amerika Syarikat, di mana mereka mendirikan ruang pameran mereka sendiri pada tahun 1990. Pada tahun 1992, pada tahun yang sama mereka menyampaikan koleksi lelaki mereka , mereka juga melancarkan minyak wangi pertama mereka Dolce & Gabbana. Mereka memenangi "Oscar des Parfums" untuk minyak wangi lelaki terbaik pada tahun 1996 dari Akademi Parfum Perancis, yang kali pertama kali gelaran itu telah diberikan kepada jenama Itali. Menjelang akhir tahun 1990-an jualan mereka sekitar $ 500 juta dan pada tahun 2003 sahaja, pendapatan mereka mencapai $ 633.2 juta.
Pada tahun 1990, mereka melancarkan koleksi lelaki pertama mereka.<ref name=VSB /> Tahun itu, mereka juga memindahkan rumah reka bentuknya ke pejabat pejabat pertamanya dan mula merancang pakaian dan potongan lain yang lebih mahal sebagai tambahan kepada pakaian aslinya.<ref name=MGNYM /> Koleksi wanita Spring / Summer 1990 mereka merujuk lukisan mitos [[Raphael]], dan kedua-duanya mula membina reputasi untuk pakaian berlapis kristal. Koleksi wanita musim gugur / musim sejuk 1991 juga dihiasi oleh pernak-pernik, termasuk pingat [[filigree]] dan korset embellished. Koleksi Wanita 1992 / Musim Sejuk 1992 kemudiannya diilhamkan oleh skrin perak tahun 1950-an, walaupun koleksi itu masih termasuk saman kristal yang dihiasi dengan kristal.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.swide.com/luxury-magazine/History/DG-Archive/dg-archive-embellishments/2011/11/27 |work=Swide Magazine |date=27 November 2011 |accessdate=19 May 2012 |title=Dolce & Gabbana and their Private Renaissance |author=Valentina Zannoni}}</ref>
 
Pada tahun 1991, koleksi lelaki mereka dianugerahkan Anugerah Woolmark untuk koleksi lelaki yang paling inovatif tahun ini.<ref name=BIOCH /> Apa yang dianggap sebagai perjumpaan pertama mereka ke dalam pengiktirafan antarabangsa datang apabila Madonna (penghibur) ] memakai korset yang diperbuat daripada batu permata dan jaket yang disertakan dari Dolce & Gabbana di premiere 1991 [[New York City]] ''[[Madonna: Truth or Dare|Truth or Dare]]: In Bed with Madonna''. Kedua-duanya kemudian bermitra dengan Madonna pada tahun 1993 untuk merekabentuk 1500 kostum untuk tur antarabangsa ''[[Girlie Show]]'' untuk menyokong album 1992-nya [[Erotica (Madonna album)|Erotica]]''.<ref name=VSB>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Hemsvn9ZbRkC&pg=PA224&dq=history+of+dolce+and+gabbana+collections&hl=en&sa=X&ei=i9GiT9TPDvD16AGWyNnQCA&ved=0CEQQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=history%20of%20dolce%20and%20gabbana%20collections&f=false |pages=223–225 |title=The Berg Companion to Fashion |author=Valerie Steele |publisher=Berg |year=2010 |accessdate=3 May 2012}}</ref> Dalam temu bual mengenai pakaian, Madonna menyatakan bahawa, "Pakaian mereka seksi dengan rasa humor-seperti saya."<ref name=MGNYM>{{cite news |author=Michael Gross |title=La Dolce (& Gabbana) Vita |work=[[New York Magazine]] |date=7 September 1992 |pages=16–17}}</ref> Pada tahun 1994, jaket cap [[derma dua-breasted]] rumah itu dinamakan "La Turlington" selepas model [[Christy Turlington]]. Pada tahun yang sama syarikat itu melancarkan talian utama kedua-D & G, garis yang bertujuan untuk individu yang lebih muda. Pada tahun 1996, pameran landasan D & G hanya disiarkan di Internet dan bukan landasan, dalam gerakan eksperimen ke arah media baru. Pada tahun itu Dolce & Gabbana juga merancang pakaian untuk filem ''[[Romeo + Juliet]]''.<ref name=VGP />
 
Dalam industri perfileman, kedua-dua Dolce & Gabbana muncul dalam filem '' The Star Maker (1995 film) | The Star Maker] '(L'Uomo delle Stelle)' 'oleh pengarah [[Giuseppe Tornatore]] peranan kecil sebagai tambahan. Mereka muncul dalam peranan yang lebih penting dalam penyesuaian filem [[Rob Marshall]] '' [[Nine (filem tindakan secara langsung 2009)|Nine]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.graziadaily.co.uk/fashion/archive/2009/12/03/dolce---gabbana-turn-film-stars.htm |work=Grazia Daily |date=3 December 2009 |author=Angela Bottolph |accessdate=29 May 2012 |title=Dolce & Gabbana turn film stars!}}</ref> Sebagai penggemar, mereka juga bekerja di video muzik ''[[All You Need Is Now|Girl Panic!]]'' oleh [[Duran Duran]].<ref>{{cite journal |journal=[[Vogue (majalah)|Vogue]] |title=Supermodel Summit |author=Lauren Milligan |url= http://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2011/06/13/supermodels-in-duran-duran-video-dolce-and-gabbana |date=13 June 2011 |accessdate=29 May 2012}}</ref>
 
Dari segi pengembangan pasaran, pada tahun 1989 Dolce & Gabbana menandatangani perjanjian dengan kumpulan Kashiyama untuk membuka butik pertamanya di Jepun. Mereka mengeluarkan wangian pertama mereka untuk wanita pada tahun 1992, yang dipanggil "Dolce & Gabbana Pour Femme", yang dianugerahi anugerah Akademi Perfume 1993 untuk haruman feminin terbaik tahun ini. Haruman lelaki pertama mereka, "Dolce & Gabbana pour Homme", adalah penerima anugerah maskulin terbaik penghargaan tahun dari Akademi yang sama pada tahun 1995.<ref name=BIOCH>{{cite web|url=http://www.thebiographychannel.co.uk/biographies/dolce-gabbana.html |title=Dolce & Gabbana |accessdate=29 May 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120815181601/http://www.thebiographychannel.co.uk/biographies/dolce-gabbana.html |archivedate=15 August 2012 |df=dmy }}</ref> That year Dolce & Gabbana's collections caused a controversy with the British and Italian press, when they selected the American gangster motif as inspiration for their work.<ref>{{cite book |page=19 |title=Fashion at the Edge: Spectacle, Modernity, and Deathliness |author=Caroline Evans |publisher=Yale University Press |year=2003}}</ref> Dolce & Gabbana mengubah inspirasi Musim Gugur / Musim Sejuk 1995 ini ke pakaian wanita, yang mana pengkritik menyatakan membawa kelebihan erotik kepada pakaian. Kedua-dua mereka telah menggunakan motif ini sebelum pada tahun 1992 apabila jurugambar [[Steven Meisel]] menembak sebuah kempen iklan untuk rumah di mana model-model itu muncul dalam "gangster chic". Ini termasuk mantel gaya 1930-an dan topi kulit hitam yang luas.<ref>{{cite book |title=Fashion, Desire and Anxiety: Image and Morality in the 20th Century |pages=39–40 |author=Rebecca Arnold |year=2001 |publisher=I.B. Tauris}}</ref>
 
Pengarang Nirupama Pundir menyatakan, "Dolce & Gabbana, dengan gaya superfeminin dan fantastik mereka, memisahkan diri dari fesyen yang serius dan sihat yang dikuasai selama sedekad."<ref>{{cite book |page=40 |title=Fashion Technology: Today And Tomorrow |author=Nirupama Pundir |publisher=Mittal Publications |year=2007}}</ref>
 
=== 2000an ===
Dolce & Gabbana terus bekerjasama dengan Madonna, mereka bentuk kostum untuk [[Dunia Terbenamnya Turun]] pada tahun 2001, untuk menyokong album albumnya ''[[Muzik (Madonna album)]]''.<ref name=VGP>{{cite web |url=http://www.vogue.com/voguepedia/Dolce_%26_Gabbana |title=Dolce & Gabbana |work=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]] |accessdate=29 May 2012}}</ref> Mereka juga direka pakaian untuk lawatan antarabangsa [[Missy Elliott]], [[Beyoncé]], dan [[Mary J. Blige]].<ref name=VGP /><ref>{{cite book |page=55 |title= Cherry Bomb: The Ultimate Guide to Becoming a Better Flirt, a Tougher Chick, and a Hotter Girlfriend—and to Living Life Like a Rock Star |publisher=Simon & Schuster |author=Carrie Bornillo-Vrenna |year=2008}}</ref> Pada tahun 1999, kedua-duanya muncul pada ''[[The Oprah Winfrey Show]]'' untuk menyokong penyanyi [[Whitney Houston]], yang menggunakan pertunjukan untuk debut pakaian Dolce & Gabbana yang direka bagi lawatan ''[[My Love Is Your Love]]'', yang dianggap oleh fesyen dan pengkritik muzik menjadi ''risqué'' luar biasa.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.elle.com/Pop-Culture/Celebrity-Spotlight/Looking-Back-at-Whitney-Houston/(imageIndex)/14/(play)/false#mode=base;slide=14; |title=Looking Back at Whitney Houston |author=Britt Aboutaleb |date=13 February 2012 |accessdate=29 May 2012 |work=[[Elle (magazine)|Elle]] }}{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Kedua-duanya terus merancang pakaian untuk artis-artis muzik sepanjang tahun 2000an, termasuk kostum untuk lawatan [[Kembara Showgirl]] [[Kylie Minogue]].<ref name=VGP /> Madonna also participated in Dolce & Gabbana's 2010 advertising campaigns.<ref name=HB />
 
Pada tahun 2000an, Dolce & Gabbana mengambil banyak inspirasi dari sukan bola sepak juga. Pada tahun 2003 barisan lelaki itu mendapat inspirasi utama dari bintang bola sepak dunia yang hebat.<ref name=VSB /> Bentuk seni yang lain mula mengambil inspirasi dari Dolce & Gabbana juga. Pada tahun 2003 artis muzik tarian [[Frankie Knuckles]] mengatakan bahawa rumah fesyen adalah "barometer yang hebat" untuk trend dalam kedua-dua fesyen dan muzik.<ref>{{cite news |date=8 November 2003 |work=[[Billboard Magazine]] |author=Michale Paoletta |title=Armani Conjures 'Night' for its Second A/X Disc |page=28}}</ref> Bagi impak mereka terhadap dunia reka bentuk, pada tahun 2002, korset yang merupakan bahagian utama reka bentuk awal Dolce & Gabbana telah dihidupkan kembali oleh banyak pereka utama Eropah sebagai trend.<ref>{{cite news |page=74 |work=Out Magazine |title=A model designers |date=March 2002 |author=Brendan Lemon}}</ref> Dalam beberapa tahun kebelakangan ini, Dolce & Gabbana telah mula memamerkan koleksi peribadi mereka untuk pembeli, untuk menjual koleksi mereka sebelum mereka menjadi awam dan untuk mempercepat penyalinan rekaan mereka dengan [[Fesyen cepat|syarikat fesyen cepat]].<ref>{{cite book |title= Beating the Commodity Trap: How to Maximize Your Competitive Position and Increase Your Pricing Power |author=Richard A. D'Aveni |publisher=Harvard Business Press |year=2009 |page=34}}</ref>
 
Pada tahun 2005, perolehan mereka berjumlah €597 juta.<ref name="Vogue.com UK"/> Pada tahun 2006, syarikat itu memulakan perjalanan baru dalam aksesori dan barangan kulit untuk lelaki dan wanita. Syarikat itu juga meneroka kosmetik, dengan Scarlett Johansson sebagai wajah kempen pengiklanan.
 
Pada tahun 2012, D & G digabungkan dengan Dolce & Gabbana untuk mengukuhkan garisan utama. Koleksi D & G lepas akhir adalah koleksi Musim Bunga / Panas 2012 yang ditunjukkan pada bulan September 2011.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2011/03/03/dolce-and-gabbana-considers-merging-dandg-line |title=The End of D&G |work=[[Vogue UK]] |author=Ella Alexander |date=1 June 2011 |accessdate=19 May 2012}}</ref> ''[[The New Yorker]]'' diterbitkan pada tahun 2005 bahawa, "Dolce dan Gabbana menjadi dua belas tahun [[Prada]] kepada sembilan belas sembilan puluhan dan Armani adalah untuk sembilan belas tahun lapan puluhan—''gli stilisti'' yang sensitifnya menentukan dekad."<ref name=TNY /> Sebagai penghargaan peribadi, pada tahun 1996 dan tahun 1997 Dolce & Gabbana dinamakan oleh ''[[FHM]]'' sebagai pereka tahun ini. Pada tahun 2003 ''[[GQ Magazine]]'' bernama Dolce & Gabbana di kalangan mereka "Men of the Year" (Lelaki Tahun Ini). Pembaca tahun berikut ''[[Elle (majalah)|British Elle]]'' mengutip Dolce & Gabbana sebagai pereka antarabangsa terbaik pada 2004 Elle Style Awards.<ref name=AWD>{{cite web |url= http://www.dolcegabbana.com/corporate/en/history/international-awards.html |title=International Awards |accessdate=29 May 2012}}</ref> Dolce & Gabbana merayakan ulang tahun ke-20 jenama mereka pada 19 Jun 2010 di Piazza della la Scala dan [[Palazzo Marino]] di Milan. Sebuah pameran awam juga diadakan pada hari berikutnya yang termasuk sebuah bilik di mana beberapa belas televisyen ditumpuk secara tidak sengaja di antara satu sama lain, masing-masing menunjukkan koleksi yang berbeza dari sejarah dua puluh tahun reka bentuk rumah itu.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dolce&Gabbana 20th Anniversary. A day in history. A video. |author=Dolce & Gabbana |publisher=Youtube: Dolce & Gabbana Channel |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9k3c0DtbiZw |date=16 July 2010 |accessdate=31 May 2012}}</ref>
 
== Jenama ==
[[File:D&G Golden Sneakers.jpg|thumb|Sepasang Kasut Sukan Emas Dolce & Gabbana.]]
Dolce & Gabbana mempunyai dua garisan tengah (D & G dan Dolce & Gabbana) hingga 2012, apabila garisan itu bergabung di bawah label Dolce & Gabbana.
 
=== Dolce & Gabbana ===
Dolce & Gabbana (dieja tanpa ruang, tidak seperti nama saya) mengkhususkan diri dalam barangan mewah yang diilhami oleh reka bentuk yang tinggi dan lebih formal dan 'abadi', menanggapi trend jangka panjang serta perubahan bermusim.<ref name=AAB>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hemsvn9ZbRkC&pg=PA225&dq=Dolce%26Gabbana++rather+than+seasonal+changes&hl=en&sa=X&ei=JyF3T5nQIYTi0QGg1ISbDQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Dolce%26Gabbana%20%20rather%20than%20seasonal%20changes&f=false |title=The Berg Companion to Fashion |author=Valerie Steele |publisher=Berg |page=225 |year=2010}}</ref> Ia juga menjual cermin mata hitam dan eyewear pembetulan, dompet, dan jam tangan.
Pada bulan April 2009, ia melancarkan pelbagai bentuknya, yang dilancarkan di [[Selfridges]], London oleh [[Scarlett Johansson]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Scarlett Johansson launches D&G Make-up at Selfridges|url=http://www.sofeminine.co.uk/fashion-designers/scarlett-johansson-launches-d-g-make-up-at-selfridges-n34289.html|publisher=Sofeminine.co.uk}}</ref>
Pada bulan Februari 2010, ia diumumkan bahawa penyanyi Amerika [[Madonna (penghibur)|Madonna]] akan merekabentuk koleksi cermin mata hitam berjudul '' MDG '', yang akan dikeluarkan pada bulan Mei tahun itu.
Ia juga menawarkan wangian untuk lelaki dan wanita. Contohnya ialah 'The One' yang merupakan minyak wangi oleh Dolce & Gabbana.
 
=== D & G ===
D & G adalah jenama [[garis penyebaran]] yang lebih muda dan lebih flamboyan. Tidak seperti Dolce & Gabbana, D & G menjual jam tangan dan pakaian: jam tangan dihasilkan oleh Naloni dan Kumpulan Binda. Pada tahun 2011, Dolce & Gabbana memutuskan untuk menghentikan D & G-line untuk meletakkan "lebih banyak kekuatan dan tenaga" ke koleksi mereka yang lain.<ref name="nymag">{{cite journal| url=http://nymag.com/daily/fashion/2012/06/dolce-gabbana-to-launch-couture-on-july-9.html|title=Dolce & Gabbana to launch Couture | journal=NYMag |accessdate=29 June 2012}}</ref>
 
=== Talian lain ===
Dolce & Gabbana mencipta koleksi [[Gaun pengantin|pengantin]], tetapi hanya antara tahun 1992 dan 1998. Koleksi Rumah Dolce & Gabbana yang dimulakan pada tahun 1994-juga dihentikan pada tahun 1999, kecuali potongan unik dicipta untuk premis D & G. Koleksi pakaian renang wanita pertama telah dibangunkan pada tahun 1989, diikuti oleh koleksi pakaian renang lelaki pertama pada tahun 1992. D & G melancarkan garis kacamata pada tahun 1998 dan garis timepieces pada tahun 2000. Pada tahun yang sama, D & G melancarkan koleksi seluar lelaki dan wanita, berasingan dari mereka Koleksi pakaian Dolce & Gabbana. Pada tahun 2001 mereka melancarkan talian D & G Junior untuk kanak-kanak. Pada tahun 2006, kedua-duanya melancarkan talian aksesori cetak harimau Anamalier untuk wanita, dan pada tahun 2007 mereka melancarkan garis perjalanan buaya untuk lelaki. Beg lain yang dihasilkan oleh rumah termasuk beg tote Miss Sicily,<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.vogue.com/vogue-daily/article/editors-eye-february/ |title=Editors' Eye: The Ten Things We Loved (or Longed For) This February |date=28 February 2012 |accessdate=19 May 2012 |author=Tabitha Simmons |work=[[Vogue UK]]}}</ref> and the "Dolce" bag, offered in straw and leather.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.glamour.com/fashion/blogs/slaves-to-fashion/2012/01/it-bag-alert-dolce-gabbanas-do.html |title=Celebrity Obsession Alert: Dolce & Gabbana's "Dolce" Bag Is Everything For Spring |date=27 January 2012 |work=[[Glamour (magazine)|Glamour]] |author=Tracy Lomrantz}}</ref>
 
Pada tahun 2009 mereka melancarkan garis kosmetik warna pertama mereka,<ref name=DGGH /> with [[Scarlett Johansson]] as the face of the advertising campaign.<ref name=Scarl /> Dolce & Gabbana launched its first line of fine jewellery in late 2011 with an 80-piece line including bejewelled rosaries, charm bracelets, and necklaces.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.vogue.co.uk/jewellery/news/2011/11/9/dolce-and-gabbana-launch-fine-jewellery |work=[[Vogue UK]] |author=Lisa Niven |date=9 November 2011 |title=Dolce's Jewels |accessdate=19 May 2012}}</ref> Mereka kemudian melancarkan koleksi barang kemas untuk lelaki.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sfluxe.net/fit-for-a-king-dolce-gabbanas-fine-jewelry/|title=» Fit For a King: Dolce & Gabbana’s Fine Jewellery Collection|last=Matthews|first=Damion|date=2015-11-12|website=SFLUXE|language=en-US|access-date=2016-06-26}}</ref> Dolce & Gabbana telah menerima beberapa anugerah untuk wangian mereka, seperti yang diterangkan dalam bahagian di atas. Wewangian mereka sekarang termasuk: "The One", "Sport", "[[Light Blue (wangian)|Light Blue]]", "Dolce", "Classic", "Sicily", "The One Rose", dan aroma asli "Pour Homme" dan "Parfum".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dolcegabbana.com/dg/perfumes/ |title=Perfumes |accessdate=31 May 2012}}</ref> Pada 16 Oktober 2014, syarikat itu mengumumkan bahawa [[Colin Farrell]] akan menjadi wajah aroma baru mereka yang dikenali sebagai "Intenso."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/beauty/2014/10/16/colin-farrell-face-of-dolce-and-gabbana-campaign|title=Colin Farrell, Face Of Dolce & Gabbana Campaign (Vogue.co.uk)|work=Vogue UK}}</ref>
 
=== Internet ===
Dolce & Gabbana membuat logo "DG" simbol ikonik dan dikenali dengan serta-merta,<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.famouslogos.net/dolce-gabbana-logo/ | title = Dolce & Gabbana Logo&nbsp;– Design and History | work = FamousLogos.net | accessdate =7 May 2011}}</ref> tetapi mereka tidak pernah mendapat alamat internet yang sepadan dengan DG.com.
Malah, DG.com adalah salah satu domain Internet tertua dan sudah didaftarkan pada tahun 1986 oleh syarikat komputer [[Data General]], kini tidak berfungsi lagi. Selepas syarikat itu ditutup pada tahun 1999, urus niaga itu pergi ke [[EMC Corporation | EMC]] sebelum [[Dollar General]] membelinya pada tahun 2010 selepas perang bidaan dengan Dolce & Gabbana.<ref>{{cite web|title=Wayback Machine: 2/3/11 |url=http://www.dollargeneral.com/ |accessdate=19 June 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090107040228/http://www.dollargeneral.com// |archivedate=7 January 2009 }}</ref>
 
== Perkongsian ==
 
=== Sukan ===
Dolce & Gabbana telah merancang pakaian di lapangan untuk [[A.C. Milan]] sejak tahun 2004.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.swide.com/luxury-magazine/History/DG-Archive/sport-story-2004/2010/10/2 |title=2004: a soccer obsession is born |date=2 October 2010 |work=Swide Magazine |accessdate=29 May 2012}}</ref> Sebagai tambahan kepada pakaian seragam di atas padang yang direka oleh Dolce & Gabbana, para pemain A.C. Milan juga berpakaian dalam pakaian Dolce & Gabbana yang dikeluarkan oleh pasukan semasa di pejabat rasmi di luar lapangan.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2009/writers/grant_wahl/07/28/oguchi.onyewu/ |title=Onyewu finding his way into Milan |author=Grant Wahl |date=28 July 2009 |accessdate=29 May 2012 |work=[[Sports Illustrated]]}}</ref> Mereka berdua juga mencipta saman luar untuk pasukan bola sepak Itali.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.vogue.it/en/encyclo/designers/d/dolcegabbana |title=Dolce&Gabbana |author=Sara Pizzi |work=[[Vogue Italia]] |accessdate=29 May 2012}}</ref> Pada tahun 2010, Dolce & Gabbana menandatangani perjanjian tiga tahun dengan [[Chelsea F.C.]] untuk mereka bentuk dan menyediakan pakaian seragam dan pakaian luar kelab. Perjanjian itu termasuk penciptaan pakaian untuk anggota kakitangan wanita selain ahli kakitangan lelaki dan pemain itu sendiri. Pakaian di luar padang yang direka untuk kelab itu termasuk saman biru gelap yang memaparkan simbol singa di poket dada. Para pereka bentuk juga direka semula ruang tamu pengarah kelab dan kawasan penerimaan pejabat utama.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/article/TMG7913107/Dolce-and-Gabbana-and-Chelsea-Football-Club.html |title=Dolce & Gabbana and Chelsea Football Club |date=27 July 2012 |author=Hilary Alexander |accessdate=29 May 2012 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120820012529/http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/article/TMG7913107/Dolce-and-Gabbana-and-Chelsea-Football-Club.html |archivedate=20 August 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Dolce & Gabbana juga merupakan penaja pasukan Milano Thunder Italian Boxing.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.worldseriesboxing.com/teams/milan/information.aspx |accessdate= 29 May 2012 |title= Dolce&Gabbana Milano Thunder Italian Boxing Team |deadurl= yes |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20120629182234/http://www.worldseriesboxing.com/teams/milan/information.aspx |archivedate= 29 June 2012 |df= dmy-all }}</ref>
 
=== Products ===
In 2006, Dolce & Gabbana partnered with [[Motorola]] to produce the [[Motorola RAZR|Motorola V3i Dolce & Gabbana cellular phone]].<ref>{{cite news |url= http://abcnews.go.com/Technology/CNet/story?id=2612660#.T8Ua3txYtD0 |date=12 December 2006 |publisher=[[ABC News]] |title=Motorola V3i Dolce & Gabbana |accessdate=29 May 2012}}</ref> In 2009, Dolce & Gabbana partnered with [[Sony Mobile Communications|Sony Ericsson]] to produce a version of its Jalou [[Mobile phone|cellular phone]] line with [[Gold#Jewelry|24-karat gold details]] and the logo of the design house emblazoned on the co-designed piece of technology.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://gazetaweb.globo.com/noticia.php?c=7887&e=11 |date=27 October 2009 |work=Gazeta de Algoas |title= Celular Jalou 'veste' Dolce & Gabbana |accessdate=29 May 2012}}</ref> Dolce & Gabbana also partnered with [[Citroën]] to co-design a version of their [[Citroën C3|C3 Pluriel vehicle]].<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.chronica.it/2008/02/27/auto-griffate-non-solo-una-moda-ma-uno-stile-di-vita/ |date=27 February 2008 |title=Auto griffate: non solo una moda, ma uno stile di vita |author=Eleonora Marini |accessdate=29 May 2012 |work=Chronica}}</ref> In 2010 Dolce & Gabbana partnered with [[Martini (vermouth)|Martini]] to produce a "gold edition" of its vermouth.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.moetodete.bg/zvezdni-novini/martini-gold-by-dolce-and-gabbana-noviyat-svetski-hit.html |title=Martini Gold by Dolce & Gabbana |publisher=Moetodete.bg |date=23 November 2010 |accessdate=29 May 2012}}</ref> In 2010 the design house then teamed with singer Madonna to release a co-designed line of sunglasses called MDG.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://uk.reuters.com/article/2010/03/16/us-fashion-madonna-dolcegabbana-idUKTRE62F3RK20100316 |title=Madonna designs Dolce & Gabbana sunglasses |author=Marie-Louise Gumuchian |date=16 March 2010 |accessdate=29 May 2012 |publisher=[[Reuters]]}}</ref>
 
== Advertising campaigns ==
The commercial for the first women fragrance of Dolce & Gabbana ran for several years in Italy, created by filmmaker [[Giuseppe Tornatore]], scored by [[Ennio Morricone]], and starred actress [[Monica Bellucci]]. The 30-second commercial begins with a man slapping an octopus against the stone ridges of a [[tide pool]]. He stands and looks around his surroundings at different women going about their daily lives. One woman (Bellucci) is seen changing into a 1950s-style bathing suit behind a white sheet being held up by two other women. After she changes, she tosses her bra atop a [[Opuntia|prickly pear cactus]] and walks towards the ocean. Later she is seen lying atop a well-made bed, and the man who saw her is standing outside her window, holding her bra up to his nose. The film closes with the image of the Dolce & Gabbana fragrance bottles against a black backdrop.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.swide.com/luxury-magazine/History/DG-Archive/dg-video-archive-perfume/2011/10/9 |work=Swide Magazine |date=9 October 2011 |accessdate=19 May 2012 |title=1994: Monica Bellucci and Giuseppe Tornatore for Dolce & Gabbana |author=Valentina Zannoni}}</ref> In 2003, the Dolce & Gabbana perfume Sicily was advertised in another commercial about a Sicilian funeral, which was also directed by Giuseppe Tornatore.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.swide.com/luxury-magazine/History/DG-Archive/dg-archive-funerale/2011/10/30 |work=Swide Magazine |date=30 October 2011 |accessdate=19 May 2012 |title=Funeral alla Dolce & Gabbana |author=Valentina Zannoni}}</ref>
 
[[Gisele Bündchen]] starred in the 2006 commercial for the fragrance "The One", featuring Bundchen in front of a vanity mirror being made up, with flashes of a mob of cameramen interspersed; she then puts on a golden dress, shoes, and a pair of D&G sunglasses.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.swide.com/luxury-magazine/History/DG-Archive/dg-video-archive-the-one/2011/11/13 |work=Swide Magazine |date=13 November 2011 |accessdate=19 May 2012 |title=Gisele is The One |author=Valentina Zannoni}}</ref> Photographers and filmmakers that have worked with Dolce & Gabbana on advertising campaigns have included Giampaolo Barbieri,<ref>{{cite news |title=Photo Spread |work=GQ Russia |date=March 2011 |pages=242–245}}</ref> Michel Comte,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.michelcomte.org/index.php/the-artist.html |title=The Artist |accessdate=19 May 2012 |year=2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100215192118/http://www.michelcomte.org/index.php/the-artist.html |archivedate=15 February 2010 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Fabrizio Ferri,<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.swide.com/luxury-magazine/History/DG-Archive/Spring-summer-1987----the-power-of-a-DolceGabbana-transformation/2010/6/13 |title=Spring/Summer 1987: The Power of Dolce & Gabbana Transformation |accessdate=19 May 2012}}</ref> [[Steven Klein (photographer)|Steven Klein]],<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.ohlalamag.com/en/2009/12/dolce-gabbana-madonna-by-steven-klein-for-dolce-gabbana-ss-2010.html |title=Dolce & Gabbana: Madonna by Steven Klein for Dolce & Gabbana S/S 2010 |work=OhLaLa Magazine |date=16 December 2009 |accessdate=19 May 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wmagazine.com/fashion/2007/02/dolce_gabbana#slide=1 |title=Stefano and Domenico's Dolce Vita |work=W Magazine |date=February 2007 |accessdate=19 May 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141207012423/http://www.wmagazine.com/fashion/2007/02/dolce_gabbana#slide=1 |archivedate=7 December 2014 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> [[Steven Meisel]],<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.designscene.net/2008/06/dolce-gabbana-fall-winter-2006.html |title=Dolce & Gabbana Fall Winter 2006: The Renaissance by Steven Meisel |work=Design Scene |date=13 June 2008 |accessdate=19 May 2012}}</ref> Mert + Marcus,<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.swide.com/luxury-magazine/Life/Bellezza/felicity-jones-make-up/2012/2/13 |title=Felicity Jones by Mert+Marcus for Dolce &Gabbana Make-up |work=Swide Magazine |date=13 February 2012}}</ref> [[Jean Baptiste Mondino]],<ref name=Scarl>{{cite web |url= http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/watch_scarlett_johansson_likes_her_lips_for_kissing_in_dolce_gabbana_ad_by_ |title= Watch: Scarlett Johansson Likes Her Lips For Kissing In Dolce & Gabbana Ad By Jean-Baptiste Mondino
|date=24 October 2011 |accessdate=19 May 2012 |author=Kevin Jagernauth |publisher=Indiewire}}</ref> Ferdinando Scianna,<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.magnumphotos.com/Catalogue/Ferdinando-Scianna/1987/Dutch-model-MARPESSA-photographed-for-DOLCE-_-GABBANA-1987-NN145557.html |title= Ferdinando Scianna – Dutch model, MARPESSA, photographed for DOLCE & GABBANA. 1987. |accessdate=19 May 2012}}</ref> Giampaolo Sgura,<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.ohlalamag.com/en/giampaolo-sgura/ |work= Ohlala Magazine |title= Alfred Kovac & Valerija Sestic For D&G Summer 2012 Eyewear |accessdate= 19 May 2012 |deadurl= yes |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20141204171742/http://www.ohlalamag.com/en/giampaolo-sgura/ |archivedate= 4 December 2014 |df= dmy-all }}</ref> [[Mario Sorrenti]],<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.wmagazine.com/fashion/2008/03/mario_sorrenti#slide=1 |title=On Fire |date=March 2008 |work=W Magazine |accessdate=19 May 2012}}</ref> Sølve Sundsbø,<ref>{{cite news |url= https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9405E2D6173DF930A1575BC0A96F9C8B63 |work=[[New York Times]] |title=Pulse; Wearing the Works |author=Karin Nelson |date=23 August 2009 |accessdate=19 May 2012}}</ref> [[Mario Testino]],<ref>{{cite news |url= http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/columns/phong-luu/TMG9082454/Meet-Adam-Senn-the-new-face-of-Dolce-and-Gabbanas-The-One-Sport.html |title= Meet Adam Senn, the new face of Dolce & Gabbana's The One Sport |date=15 February 2012 |author=Phong Luu |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |accessdate=19 May 2012}}</ref> Giuseppe Tornatore, and [[Mariano Vivanco]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.papermag.com/2012/05/why_is_this_dolce_gabanna_post.php |title= Why Is This Dolce & Gabbana Poster Worth $500? |author=Gary Pini |date=7 May 2012 |accessdate=19 May 2012}}</ref> Dolce & Gabbana have won two Leadawards for their campaigns from Germany's leading advertising awards. In 2004 they won for their Fall/Winter 2003/04 campaign<ref>{{cite web |url= http://leadacademy.de/2004/preistraeger.html |title=The Winners |accessdate=29 May 2012}}</ref> and in 2006 they won for their Fall/Winter 2005/06 campaign.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://leadacademy.de/2006/preistraeger.html |title=The Winners |accessdate=29 May 2012}}</ref>
 
== Inspirations and style ==
[[File:Dolce & Gabbana Shop (Via della Spiga - Milan) 02.jpg|thumb|The Dolce & Gabbana store of [[Via della Spiga]] in [[Milan]]]]
Originally inspired by eclectic, [[thrift shop]] [[bohemian]] style, Dolce & Gabbana's deeply colored, [[animal print]]s have been described as "haute hippy dom" taking inspiration in particular from Italy's prestigious film history. "When we design it's like a movie (Domenico)," says Domenico Dolce. "We think of a story and we design the clothes to go with it (Domenico)." They claim to be more concerned about creating the best, most flattering clothes than sparking trends, once admitting that they wouldn't mind if their only contribution to fashion history was a black bra (Dolce & Gabbana 2007). [[Sicily]] and [[Sicilian culture]] is the most important style and identity of Dolce & Gabbana.
 
D & G trademarks include [[underwear-as-outerwear]] (such as corsets and bra fastenings), gangster boss [[pinstripe]] suits, and extravagantly printed coats. Meanwhile, their feminine collections are always backed by powerful ad campaigns, like the black-and-white ads featuring model Marpessa photographed by Ferdinando Scianna in 1987 (Dolce & Gabbana). "They find their way out of any black dress, any buttoned-up blouse (Domenico)," says Rossellini. "The first piece of theirs I wore was a white shirt, very chaste, but cut to make my breasts look as if they were bursting out of it (Domenico)."
 
Once dubbed the "Gilbert and George of Italian fashion",<ref name=AAA>{{cite news |url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/dolce-and-gabbana-biography |title=Dolce & Gabbana |author=Jo Craven |date=11 May 2011 |work=Vogue UK |accessdate=31 March 2012}}</ref> Dolce & Gabbana gave their fashion interests a musical turn in 1996, by recording their own single, in which they intoned the words "D&G is love" over a techno beat (Dolce & Gabbana 2011). Newer to the design game than other heavyweight Italian fashion houses such as [[Armani]] and [[Versace]], the pair acknowledge that luck has played its part in their phenomenal success. By 1997, their company reported a turnover of €400 million, prompting both designers to announce that they planned to retire by the age of 40 – a promise they did not keep (Domenico).
 
After the designers spotted a Veneziano painting of Christ on the cross wearing a pair of their branded underwear briefs in the Venice Biennale, they commissioned the artist to do a portrait of them with the Madonna portrayed as the likeness of the chanteuse and performer [[Madonna Ciccone]] and the courtiers as two putti at her feet.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/758548c8-5d54-11e1-889d-00144feabdc0.html|title=Lunch with the FT: Domenico Dolce and Stefano Gabbana|work=Financial Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.10magazine.com/article/15176531624/dolce-gabbana-art-house|title=10 Magazine|work=10magazine.com}}</ref>
 
In January 2016, the company launched a high-end fashion range aimed at wealthy Muslim women featuring a collection of hijabs and abayas printed with daisies, lemons and roses.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jan/07/dolce-gabbana-debuts-luxury-hijab-collection|title=Dolce & Gabbana launches luxury hijab collection|last=Gani|first=Aisha|date=2016-01-07|newspaper=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2016-11-09}}</ref>
 
== Books ==
In addition to designing clothing, Dolce & Gabbana have co-authored nearly two dozen books featuring photographic narratives as well as collections of their own work. The proceeds of many of these books go to charities including the Children’s Action Network and the Butterfly Onlus "école sans frontières" Foundation.<ref name=DGGH /> The following is a bibliography of their literary works:
 
* ''10 Anni Dolce & Gabbana'' (A collection of the most important advertising and editorial images of the design house's first decade)<ref>{{cite book |title=10 Anni Dolce & Gabbana |year=1996 |publisher=Leonardo Arte SRL |author=Dolce & Gabbana}}</ref>
* ''Wildness''<ref>{{cite book |title=Dolce & Gabbana Wildness |year=1997 |publisher=Leonardo Arte SRL |author=Dolce & Gabbana}}</ref>
* ''Animal''<ref>{{cite book |title=Animal |author=Dolce & Gabbana |year=1998 |publisher=Abbeville Press}}</ref>
* ''Hollywood'' (Features over 100 photographs of the movie stars from the post-1985 era)<ref>{{cite book |title=Hollywood |year=2003 |publisher=Assouline |author=Dolce & Gabbana}}</ref>
* ''Calcio'' (Photographs of 44 soccer players, 3 teams, and 2 coaches)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.marianovivanco.com/biography/ |title=Mariano Vivanco |accessdate=19 May 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120514225930/http://www.marianovivanco.com/biography/ |archivedate=14 May 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
* ''A.C. Milan''<ref>{{cite book |title=AC Milan Dressed by Dolce & Gabbana |author=Dolce & Gabbana and Mariano Vivanco |year=2004 |publisher=Dolce & Gabbana}}</ref>
* ''Music'' (Features over 150 of globally recognised musicians)<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.dolcegabbana.it/books/ |title=Books |accessdate=19 May 2012}}</ref>
* ''20 Years Dolce & Gabbana'' (A chronological photographic history of each of the house's collections, using over 1000 photos)<ref name=DGGH>{{cite web |url=http://www.dolcegabbana.com/corporate/en/history/main-stages.html |title=Group History |accessdate=30 May 2012}}</ref>
* ''Milan''<ref>{{cite book |title=Milan |author=Dolce & Gabbana and Mariano Vivanco |publisher=Mondadori Electa |year=2006}}</ref>
* ''2006 Italia'' (A book celebrating the 2006 World Cup title won by Italy)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dolcegabbana.com/books/nazionale/ |accessdate=30 May 2012 |title=2006 Italia |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721140640/http://www.dolcegabbana.com/books/nazionale/ |archivedate=21 July 2011 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
* ''Fashion Album'' (Contains over 400 images paying homage to the great fashion photographers of Dolce & Gabbana collections)<ref>{{cite book |title=Fashion Album |author=Dolce & Gabbana and Mariuccia Casadio |publisher=Skira |year=2006}}</ref>
* ''Secret Ceremony''<ref>{{cite book |title=Secret Ceremony |author=Steven Klein and Dolce & Gabbana |year=2007 |publisher=Dolce & Gabbana SRL}}</ref>
* ''Family'' (A book that focuses on the family as the center of a man's life)<ref name=DGGH />
* ''The Good Shepherd'' (A book that illustrates the day of a common shephard, wearing Dolce & Gabbana clothing)<ref>{{cite book |title=The Good Shepherd |author=Michael Roberts |year=2007 |publisher=Dolce & Gabbana SRL}}</ref>
* ''Milano Beach Soccer''<ref name=DGGH />
* ''Diamonds & Pearls''<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.luxist.com/2008/12/26/dolce-and-gabbanas-i-diamonds-and-pearls-i/ |title=Dolce & Gabbana's Diamonds & Pearls |date=26 December 2008 |publisher=The Luxist |author=Jared Paul Stern |accessdate=30 May 2012}}</ref>
* ''20 Years of Dolce & Gabbana for Men''<ref>{{cite book |title=20 Years of Dolce & Gabbana for Men |year=2010 |publisher=Mondadori Electa}}</ref>
* ''Icons 1990–2010''<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.2dmblogazine.it/2011/06/icons-dolce-gabbana-1990-2010/ |title=Icons: Dolce & Gabbana 1990–2010 |date=1 June 2011 |publisher=2DM |accessdate=19 May 2012}}</ref>
* ''Fashion Shows 1990 – 2010''<ref>{{cite book |title=Fashion Shows 1990 – 2010 Dolce & Gabbana |publisher=Mondadori Electa |year=2011}}</ref>
* ''Nazionale Italiana: South Africa 2010'' (A series of images starring the Italian National Football Team during the training sessions preceding the [[2010 FIFA World Cup]])<ref>{{cite news |url=http://blogs.sun-sentinel.com/features_fashion/2010/05/world-cup-in-south-africa-puts-soccer-and-fashion-on-the-same-team.html |title="Sporno" Soccer studs pitch Fashion or Futball? |author=Rod Hagwood |date=27 May 2010 |work=[[Fort Lauderdale Sun-Sentinel]] |accessdate=19 May 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120530230124/http://blogs.sun-sentinel.com/features_fashion/2010/05/world-cup-in-south-africa-puts-soccer-and-fashion-on-the-same-team.html |archivedate=30 May 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
* ''Uomini''<ref>{{cite book |title=Uomini |year=2011 |publisher=Rizzoli |author=Mariano Vivanco and Dolce & Gabbana}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2011/01/06/dolce-and-gabbana-coffee-table-book-uomini |work=[[Vogue UK]] |author=Lauren Milligan |title=Dolce Undressed |date=6 January 2011}}</ref>
* ''Milan Fashion Soccer Players Portraits''<ref>{{cite news |url= http://daman.co.id/dolce-gabbana-celebrates-ac-milan/ |title= Dolce & Gabbana celebrates AC MILAN |date=24 August 2011 |work=DA Man |accessdate=19 May 2012}}</ref>
* ''David Gandy'' (A 280-page photographic coffee table book of images chronicling collaborations with British model [[David Gandy]] from 2006 to 2011)<ref>{{cite book |title=David Gandy |author=Dolce & Gabbana |year=2011 |publisher=Rizzoli}}</ref>
* ''Campioni''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dolcegabbana.it/dg/books/campioni/ |title=''Campioni'' |accessdate=3 July 2012}}</ref>
 
== Spaces and exhibitions ==
Dolce & Gabbana opened the ''La sede di via San Damiano'' [[atelier]] in September 1995. They opened a combined seven-floor boutique and corporate space ''Lo showroom di via Goldoni'' in 2002, moving from its prior main showroom at Piazza Umanitaria. In July 2006 Dolce & Gabbana then opened a 5,000 square foot show floor ''Lo showroom di via Broggi'' in Milan. The design house also bought the ''Il Metropol'' theatre in Milan, a historic cinema built in the 1940s. It was renovated and reopened in September 2005.<ref name=DGGH /> In 2006 Dolce & Gabbana opened IL GOLD, an establishment with café, bar, bistro, and restaurant areas. This is followed by the opening of a co-sponsored drinking establishment the duo founded at their Milanese men's showroom called the [[Martini (vermouth)|Martini Bar]] in 2003.<ref name=VGP /> An additional Martini Bar was later opened at their Shanghai showroom in 2006.<ref name=DGGH /> In 2009 Dolce & Gabbana had 93 boutiques and 11 factory outlets, and was sold in over 80 countries.<ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=FEh-FZbsHRoC&pg=PT284&dq=dolce+and+Gabbana+number+of+stores&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ACa4T5_1C4WJ6AGhzuznCg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=dolce%20and%20Gabbana%20number%20of%20stores&f=false |title= Plunkett's Retail Industry Almanac 2009: Retail Industry Market Research, Statistics, Trends and Leading Companies |author=Jack W. Plunkett |publisher=Plunkett Research |year=2008}}</ref> In all they have 251 mono-brand stores.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dolcegabbana.com/corporate/en/group/profile.html |accessdate=29 May 2012 |title=Group Profile}}</ref>
 
In the United States standalone boutiques can be found in [[Bal Harbour]], [[Beverly Hills]], Chicago, [[Houston]], [[Las Vegas]], and New York City. Dolce & Gabbana also operates boutiques in other cities in select department stores: [[Nordstrom]], [[Saks Fifth Avenue]], [[Neiman Marcus]], and [[Bergdorf Goodman]].
 
In addition to developing runway shows and advertising campaigns for its collections, Dolce & Gabbana use their spaces to host photography and other [[art exhibition]]s. Soon after the opening of the Il Metropol, they hosted two exhibitions by artist [[Ron Arad (industrial designer)|Ron Arad]] in the lobby space: ''Blo-Glo'' between April 2006 and April 2007,<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.dolcegabbanametropol.com/en/events/bloglo_by_ron_arad |title=Blo-Glo by Ron Arad |accessdate=19 May 2012}}</ref> and ''Bodyguards'' in late April 2007.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.dolcegabbanametropol.com/en/events/ |title=Bodyguards by Ron Arad |accessdate=19 May 2012}}</ref> They held photography exhibitions featuring the work of [[Enzo Sellerio]] in 2007<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.dolcegabbanametropol.com/it/events/fermo_immagine_fotografie_di_enzo_sellerio |title=Freeze: Photos by Enzo Sellerio |accessdate=19 May 2012}}</ref> and [[Herbert List]] in 2008.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.dolcegabbanametropol.com/en/events/herbert_list_lo_sguardo_sulla_bellezza_an_eye_for_beauty_ |title=Herbert List: An Eye for Beauty |accessdate=19 May 2012}}</ref> In 2011 Dolce & Gabbana held an open house and architectural exhibition with Studio Piuarch showcasing the studio's various architectural designs and projects since 1996.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hauteliving.com/2011/04/haute-event-dolce-gabbana-and-studio-piuarch-present-open-house-piuarchdolcegabbana/ |work=Haute Living |accessdate=19 May 2012 |title= Haute Event: Dolce & Gabbana and Studio Piuarch Present Open House – Piuarch@Dolce&Gabbana |author=Pauline Sung |date=11 April 2011}}</ref> Studio Piuarch built the Dolce & Gabbana headquarters in 2006, which was where the exhibition and open house was held.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.archdaily.com/2458/dolce-gabbana-headquarters-studio-piuarch/ |author=Nico Saieh |title=Dolce & Gabbana Headquarters / Studio Piuarch |date=16 June 2008 |accessdate=19 May 2012 |work=ArchDaily}}</ref>
 
Dolce & Gabbana also uses its spaces for book launches and photographic exhibitions of its own clothing, such as the book launch of their book ''David Gandy'' in 2011.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.style.it/moda/photogallery/protagonisti-ed-eventi/2011/06/20/dolcegabbana-e-david-gandy.aspx |title=Dolce & Gabbana Celebrates with David Gandy |date=20 June 2011 |author=Carolina Rimondi |work=Style.it |accessdate=19 May 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110824052603/http://www.style.it/moda/photogallery/protagonisti-ed-eventi/2011/06/20/dolcegabbana-e-david-gandy.aspx |archivedate=24 August 2011 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> They also use other spaces as well, such as the [[Palazzo della Ragione, Milan|Palazzo della Ragione in Milan]], where in May 2009 they staged a photographic exhibition of over 100 images selected from the history of [[Vogue (magazine)|US Vogue]] over its 90-year history. The exhibition was called ''Extreme Beauty in Vogue''.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.dolcegabbana.com/extreme-beauty-in-vogue/ |title= Extreme Beauty in Vogue |accessdate= 19 May 2012 |deadurl= yes |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20120516185919/http://www.dolcegabbana.com/extreme-beauty-in-vogue/ |archivedate= 16 May 2012 |df= dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.style.com/peopleparties/parties/scoop/fashionweek-030209_Dolce_Gabbana_Extreme_Beauty/ |title=To the Extreme |accessdate=19 May 2012 |year=2009 |author=Tim Blanks |work=Style.com}}</ref>
 
The company has production factories in [[Legnano]]<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.modemonline.com/fashion/mini-web-sites/fashion-brands/references/maurogasperi |title=Mauro Gasperi |accessdate=19 May 2012}}</ref> and [[Incisa in Val d'Arno]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.ymag.it/schede.asp?id=9270 |title= what's up in viapiranesi |date= 14 April 2011 |accessdate= 19 May 2012 |work= Ymag |deadurl= yes |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20111204044424/http://www.ymag.it/schede.asp?id=9270 |archivedate= 4 December 2011 |df= dmy-all }}</ref>
 
== Controversies ==
 
=== Advertising ===
[[File:1 dolce gabbana.jpg|thumb|2007 D&G advertising image subject to controversy.]]
 
Dolce & Gabbana was publicly criticised by Britain's advertising watchdog [[Advertising Standards Authority (United Kingdom)|Advertising Standards Authority (ASA)]] in January 2007, for an advertising campaign showing models brandishing knives.
 
Following complaints from consumer groups in February 2007, Dolce & Gabbana pulled an advertisement in Spain that showed a man holding a woman to the ground by her wrists while a group of men look on. Spain's Labour and Social Affairs Ministry branded the campaign as illegal and humiliating to women, saying the woman's body position had no relation to the products Dolce & Gabbana was trying to sell.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.eitb24.com/new/en/B24_36294/life/MILAN-BASED-FASHION-HOUSE-Dolce-Gabbana-angry-at/ | title = Dolce & Gabbana angry at advertising campaign controversy in Spain | work = Euskal Irrati Telebista | date = 23 February 2007 | accessdate =24 February 2007}}</ref> Italian publications followed suit, banning the ad. This advertisement was called "a glorification of [[gang rape]]" and declared "one of the most controversial advertisements in fashion history" by ''[[Debonair Magazine (U.S.)|Debonair Magazine]]''.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Most Controversial Ads in Fashion History|url=http://www.debonairmag.com/the-most-controversial-ads-in-fashion-history/7|accessdate=24 September 2011}}</ref> When asked about the ad being banned in Spain, Dolce & Gabbana responded that the "Spaniards were a bit backward." <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url = http://nextshark.com/people-are-pissed-at-dolce-gabbana-again-for-these-ads-depicting-gang-rape/|title = People Are Pissed at Dolce & Gabbana Again For These Ads Depicting Gang Rape|date = 18 March 2015|accessdate = 14 October 2015|website = NextShark|publisher = |last = Chan|first = Augustine Reyes}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> According to the Daily Mail, Dolce & Gabbana's ad was said to "offend the dignity of the woman." <ref name=":0" />
 
This particular ad was brought up again seven years later by Kelly Cutrone, a well-known fashion publicist, when she mentioned it on her Twitter account. According to Nextshark.com, "she slammed Dolce & Gabbana, claiming the ad, which depicts a woman being pinned to the group by a half-naked man as three men look on, stimulates a 'gang bang'." <ref name=":0" /> According to the Huffington Post UK, feminist writer Louise Pennington recently also commented on the image. She stated that, "This particular image is a representative of an increasingly misogynistic contraction of women in the fashion industry demonstrating very clear links between the fashion-beauty industry and the mainstreaming of pornography. Those who suggest this image is harmless fail to recognize the reality of rape culture and the dehumanization of women's bodies in our pornographic mainstream media." <ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2015/03/18/dolce-and-gabbana0gang-rape-advert_n_6893044.html|title = 'Gang Rape' Dolce & Gabbana Advert Brings Yet More Controversy For Brand After 'Synthetic' IVF Comments|date = 18 March 2015|accessdate = 16 November 2015|website = Huffington Post UK|publisher = |last = Moss|first = Rachel}}</ref>
 
 
=== Hong Kong photo ban controversy ===
[[File:D&G Hong Kong Racism.jpg|thumb|One of the four streets blocked during the Sunday protest.]]
 
On 5 January 2012, ''[[Apple Daily]]'' reported that only Hong Kong citizens had been prevented from taking pictures of Dolce & Gabbana window displays in both their Hong Kong stores, stirring [[Hong Kong-Mainland conflict|anti-Mainland Chinese sentiment]].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/template/apple/art_main.php?iss_id=20120105&sec_id=4104&art_id=15954668&av_id=15955030 | title=擅禁途人拍照　玷污購物天堂 名店惡霸 D&G |language=Chinese |trans-title= D&G the Tyrannical Luxury Shop Unpermittedly Forbids By-passers to Take Photos, "Shoppers' Paradise" Ashamed |work=Apple Daily |location=Hong Kong | date=5 January 2012 | accessdate=5 January 2012 | author=梁御和、盧勁業、伍雅謙}}</ref> In particular staff and security personnel at their flagship store on [[Canton Road]] asserted the pavement area outside was private property where photography was forbidden. The actions sparked protests spanning several days and gained international news coverage on 8 January.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.news.com.au/business/protest-at-dolce-and-gabbana-store-in-hong-kong-follows-alleged-ban-on-photography/story-e6frfm1i-1226239375370#ixzz1irefM2CG | title=Protest at Dolce and Gabbana store in Hong Kong follows alleged ban on photography | work=[[News Limited]] Australia|date= 8 January 2012|accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.straitstimes.com/BreakingNews/SEAsia/Story/STIStory_753234.html | title=Hundreds protest D&G photo 'ban' in Hong Kong |work=The Sunday Times |location=UK|date= 8 January 2012|accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/hongkong/9001001/One-thousand-protest-Dolce-and-Gabbana-Hong-Kong-store-over-photo-ban.html | title=One thousand protest Dolce & Gabbana Hong Kong store over photo ban |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=UK|date= 9 January 2012|accessdate=9 January 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://blogs.wsj.com/scene/2012/01/09/dolce-gabbana-photo-ban-sparks-protest/ | title=Dolce & Gabbana Photo Ban Sparks Protest|work=The Wall Street Journal|date= 9 January 2012|accessdate=9 January 2012}}</ref> Citing the case of Zhou Jiugeng, a Nanjing official whose high-living lifestyle was identified by Chinese citizens using internet photographs, local news reports speculated that the Dolce & Gabbana photo ban may have been imposed at the request of some wealthy Chinese government officials attempting to block details on the source of their wealth.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20120108/00176_006.html | title=D&G事件起因 傳內地高幹投訴 怕被扯上貪污|trans-title= Alleged Cause of D&G Incident: Fear of Corruption <nowiki>[</nowiki>Accusations<nowiki>]</nowiki>, Mainland Officials Complain| work=Oriental Daily|date= 8 January 2012|accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/china/4026624/Chinese-internet-vigilantes-bring-down-another-official.html|title=Chinese internet vigilantes bring down another official|author=Malcolm Moore in Shanghai|date=30 December 2008|work=Telegraph.co.uk}}</ref>
 
Dolce & Gabbana finally issued a formal apology to Hong Kong citizens from its Milan headquarters on 18 January 2012.<ref>[http://www.am730.com.hk/article.php?article=89703&d=1670 D&G凌晨「道歉」 網民拒收「行貨」]，AM730，19 January 2012</ref><ref>[https://blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2012/01/19/dolce-gabbana-apologizes-for-photo-spat/ Dolce & Gabbana Apologizes for Photo Spat], Wall Street Journal, 19 January 2012</ref>
 
=== Gay adoption and in vitro fertilisation ===
In an interview in 16 March 2015 issue of Italian magazine [[Panorama (magazine)|Panorama]], Stefano Gabbana and Domenico Dolce caused controversy when they remarked, "We oppose gay adoptions. The only family is the traditional one." They also criticized [[in vitro fertilisation]] (IVF) and [[surrogacy]] by saying, "No chemical offspring and rented uterus: life has a natural flow, there are things that should not be changed."<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.panorama.it/news/cronaca/dolce-gabbana-lunica-famiglia-quella-tradizionale/ | publisher=Panorama | title=Figli e famiglia, la verità di Dolce e Gabbana | accessdate=27 March 2015}}</ref> Since the comments were made by two gay men in an industry often seen as gay-friendly, reactions were especially harsh.
 
Critics took to social media to voice their opposition, with the hashtag #BoycottDolceGabbana garnering 30,000 tweets on Twitter in five days. Celebrities, including Elton John, Madonna, Victoria Beckham, Ricky Martin, Martina Navratilova and Courtney Love, were among those expressing anger over the remarks. Love said she would "burn all of her Dolce and Gabbana clothing", while John, father of two children conceived through IVF, commented, "How dare you refer to my beautiful children as 'synthetic'. And shame on you for wagging your judgmental little fingers at IVF - a miracle that has allowed legions of loving people, both straight and gay, to fulfil their dream of having children."<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-31907007 | newspaper=BBC | title=Dolce and Gabbana say 'Boycott Elton John' | accessdate=27 March 2015}}</ref> In an Instagram post Madonna, who appeared in a 2010 Dolce & Gabbana campaign, said, "All babies contain a soul however they come to this earth and their families. There is nothing synthetic about a soul!! So how can we dismiss IVF and surrogacy? Every soul comes to us to teach us a lesson. God has his hand in everything even technology! We are arrogant to think Man does anything on his own. As above so below! Think before you speak."<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/03/19/madonna-dolce-gabbana_n_6901330.html | newspaper=Huffington Post | title=Madonna Responds To The Dolce & Gabbana Controversy | first=Cavan |last=Sieczkowski | date=19 March 2015 | accessdate=27 March 2015}}</ref>
 
More than 10,000 people signed an online petition calling for Macy’s and Debenhams to stop stocking the brand in their department stores, until D&G retracted their statements and apologized. Protesters also gathered outside Dolce & Gabbana’s flagship London shop calling for an international boycott of the luxury fashion store.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2015/mar/19/dolce-gabbana-london-protests-boycott-shop | newspaper=The Guardian | title=Dolce & Gabbana protesters demand boycott outside London shop | first=Aisha | last=Gani | date=19 March 2015 | accessdate=26 March 2015}}</ref>
 
Dolce & Gabbana criticized calls for a boycott on their brand as "medieval" and called for fans to use the hashtag #BoycottEltonJohn, though it resulted in only 1,500 tweets.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-31907007 |newspaper=BBC News| title=Dolce and Gabbana say 'Boycott Elton John'| date=16 March 2015| accessdate=15 Aug 2015}}</ref> Social conservative website [[Campaign Life Coalition|LifeSiteNews]] launched a petition in support of Dolce & Gabbana that got more than 20,000 signatures.<ref>[https://www.lifesitenews.com/petitions/i-support-dolce-and-gabbana I Support Dolce and Gabbana Petition at LifeSiteNews Website]</ref> After being asked during an interview with CNN if he supported having children through IVF, Dolce replied, "Yeah, I don't have anything bad, because the beauty of the world is freedom...We love gay couple. We are gay. We love gay couple. We love gay adoption. We love everything. It's just an express of my private point of view."<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/03/18/world/dolce-gabbana-ivf/| newspaper=CNN| title=CNN Exclusive: Dolce & Gabbana: We don't judge on IVF| first=Anna Coren |last=Madison Park|date= 18 March 2015| accessdate=15 Aug 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/dolce--gabbana-slam-boycott-5359770 |newspaper=Daily Mirror | title=Dolce & Gabbana slam boycott campaign over IVF and adoption row as 'medieval' | first=Charlotte | last=Wareing |date=18 March 2015 | accessdate=26 March 2015}}</ref>
 
=== Other ===
 
In their Spring/Summer 2013 collection they included earrings and fabric prints that to American audiences closely resembled imagery associated with the [[Mammy archetype]] with many media outlets commenting the likeness. The designs, however, were made in reference to Sicilian Moor's heads, popular good luck charms in Sicilian folklore. <ref>{{cite news | url=http://jezebel.com/5946724/dolce--gabbana-shows-racist-mammy-earrings-and-fun-fabric-prints | newspaper=Jezebel | title=Dolce & Gabbana Shows Racist 'Mammy' Earrings and Fabric Prints | first=Jenna | last=Sauers | date=27 Sep 2012 | accessdate=19 July 2016}}</ref>
 
In the spring of 2016, the brand came under fire for a listing on their web store of a pair of sandals featuring colorful decorations and pom poms with the title of "Slave Sandal in Napa Leather". Other retailers listed them as the Bianca or the Pom Pom sandal. Sandals in Italy are often referred to as such in reference to Ancient Rome. When social media users called the name into question, the listing was changed.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/fashion/dolce-gabbana-release-offensive-slave-sandal-article-1.2551821 | newspaper=New York Daily News | title=Dolce & Gabbana release offensive ‘Slave Sandal’ as part of Spring 2016 collection | first=Nicole | last=Bitette | date=4 March 2016}}</ref>
 
== Legal issues ==
 
In May 2009, the [[Italian government]] charged Dolce & Gabbana with [[tax evasion]] for having moved assets of about 249 million euros to [[Luxembourg]] in the 2004–2006 period.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://mazzetta.splinder.com/post/20651674/Dolce+%26+Gabbana+tentano+l%27evas | title = D&G tentano l'evasione del secolo | work = Mazzetta blog | date = 31 May 2009 | accessdate = 31 May 2009 }}{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.ilgiornale.it/a.pic1?ID=353960 | title = Più Gabbana che Dolce Perché i giornali ignorano quella notizia |work=Il Giornale |language=Italian | date = 26 May 2009 | accessdate =31 May 2009}}</ref>
 
On 19 June 2013, they were found guilty of failing to declare 1 billion euros ($1.3 billion) of income to authorities after moving their brand to [[Gado (company)|Gado]], a Luxembourg-based [[holding company]]. The court sentenced them both to one year and eight months in jail.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://business.time.com/2013/06/19/dolce-and-gabbana-convicted-of-tax-evasion/#ixzz2Wg0MuLJt | title = Dolce and Gabbana Convicted of Tax Evasion | work = Time | date = 19 June 2013 | accessdate = 19 June 2013 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20130622063541/http://business.time.com/2013/06/19/dolce-and-gabbana-convicted-of-tax-evasion/#ixzz2Wg0MuLJt | archivedate = 22 June 2013 | df = dmy-all }}</ref> Dolce & Gabbana were quick to file a 90-page appeal and thus did not face any jail time.
 
On 30 April 2014, a three judge panel overruled the appeal and decided to uphold the initial sentence.<ref name="Dolce, Gabbana Found Guilty of Tax Evasion">{{cite web | url=http://www.businessoffashion.com/2014/04/dolce-gabbana-appeal-denied-guilty-tax-evasion.html | title=Dolce, Gabbana Found Guilty of Tax Evasion | publisher=Business of Fashion | date=30 April 2014 | accessdate=7 May 2014 | author=Wang, Lisa}}</ref> However, since they were sentenced to only one year and six months, which is under the two-year minimum, both of them will not serve actual imprisonment in jail.<ref name="Dolce, Gabbana Found Guilty of Tax Evasion"/><ref>{{cite web | url =http://www.idoleyes.com/fashion-blog/15131-dolce-gabbana-found-guilty-tax-evasion/ | title = Dolce & Gabbana found guilty of tax evasion | date = 30 April 2014}}</ref>
 
On 24 October 2014, both Domenico Dolce and Stefano Gabbana were found innocent of tax evasion by the [[Italian Court of Justice]].<ref name="Robert Wood"> {{cite news
| last= Wood
| first= Robert W.
| url= https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertwood/2014/10/25/dolce-gabbana-cleared-of-tax-evasion-could-help-lionel-messi-trial/
| title= Dolce & Gabbana Cleared Of Tax Evasion, Could Help Lionel Messi Trial
| publisher= forbes.com
| date= 25 October 2014
| accessdate=
}} </ref> After the court's decision was announced, Stefano Gabbana tweeted in Italian, "We knew it!!! We are honest people!"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/591768/dolce-gabbana-founders-found-innocent-in-tax-evasion-case-we-knew-it-we-are-honest-people|title=Dolce & Gabbana Founders Found Innocent in Tax Evasion Case |work=E! Online}}</ref><ref name="LUKE LEITCH"> {{cite news
| last= LEITCH
| first= LUKE
| url= http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG11186176/Dolce-and-Gabbana-cleared-of-tax-evasion.html
| title= Dolce and Gabbana cleared of tax evasion: Rome's supreme court overturned a ruling that found designers Domenico Dolce and Stefano Gabbana guilty of tax evasion with a 20-month prison penalty
| publisher= telegraph.co.uk
| date= 24 October 2014
| accessdate=
}} </ref>
 
== Rujukan ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}
 
== FurtherBacaaan readinglanjut ==
{{Refbegin}}
* "Dolce & Gabbana." The Thames & Hudson Dictionary of Fashion and Fashion Designers. London: Thames & Hudson, 2007. Credo Reference. Web. 29 November 2011.
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