Metil isosianat: Perbezaan antara semakan
Kandungan dihapus Kandungan ditambah
PeaceSeekers (bincang | sumb.) k PeaceSearcher telah memindahkan laman Metil isosianit ke Metil isosianat: Pembetulan ejaan |
PeaceSeekers (bincang | sumb.) Tiada ringkasan suntingan |
||
Baris 1: | Baris 1: | ||
{{Chembox|IUPACName=Metil isosianat|OtherNames=Metil karbilamina|SystematicName=Isosianatometana|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers |
|||
[[Fail:Methyl-isocyanate-3D-vdW.png|thumb|Molekul metil isosianit atau MIC]] |
|||
| Abbreviations = MIC |
|||
| CASNo = 624-83-9 |
|||
| CASNo_Ref = |
|||
| CASNos = |
|||
| CASOther = |
|||
| PubChem = 12228 |
|||
| EINECS = |
|||
| EC-number = |
|||
| EINECSCASNO = |
|||
| UNNumber = |
|||
| DrugBank = |
|||
| KEGG = |
|||
| MeSHName = |
|||
| ChEBI = |
|||
| RTECS = |
|||
| ATCvet = |
|||
| ATCCode_prefix = |
|||
| ATCCode_suffix = |
|||
| ATC_Supplemental = |
|||
| SMILES = O=C=N/C |
|||
| InChI = 1S/C2H3NO/c1-3-2-4/h1H3 |
|||
| Beilstein = |
|||
| Gmelin = |
|||
| ChemSpiderID = 11727 |
|||
| 3DMet = |
|||
}}|ImageFile=File:Methyl_isocyanate.svg|ImageFile1=File:Methyl-isocyanate-3D-vdW.png|Section2={{Chembox Properties |
|||
| Formula = C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>3</sub>NO |
|||
| MolarMass = 57.051 g/mol |
|||
| Appearance = Cecair jernih |
|||
| Density = |
|||
| MeltingPt = −45 °C (−49 °F; 228 K) |
|||
| Melting_notes = |
|||
| BoilingPt = 38.3 °C (100.9 °F; 311.4 K) |
|||
| Boiling_notes = |
|||
| Solubility = 10% pada 15°C |
|||
| SolubleOther = |
|||
| Solvent = |
|||
| LogP = |
|||
| VaporPressure = |
|||
| HenryConstant = |
|||
| AtmosphericOHRateConstant = |
|||
| pKa = |
|||
| pKb = |
|||
}}|Section7={{Chembox Hazards |
|||
| ExternalMSDS = |
|||
| EUClass = |
|||
| EUIndex = |
|||
| MainHazards = |
|||
| NFPA-H = 4 |
|||
| NFPA-F = 3 |
|||
| NFPA-R = 3 |
|||
| NFPA-O = W |
|||
| RPhrases = |
|||
| SPhrases = |
|||
| RSPhrases = |
|||
| FlashPt = −7 °C (19 °F; 266 K) |
|||
| Autoignition = 534 °C (993 °F; 807 K) |
|||
| ExploLimits = |
|||
| LD50 = 120 mg/kg (tikus, secara oral) |
|||
| PEL = |
|||
}}}} |
|||
'''Metil |
'''Metil isosianat''' ([[Bahasa Inggeris]]: ''Methyl isocyanate'') ('''MIC''') ialah sebuah [[sebatian organik]] dengan formula molekul CH<sub>3</sub>NCO. Sinonim-sinonimnya ialah ''isocyanatomethane'', metil karbilamina, dan MIC. Metil isosianit ialah kimia perantaraan dalam pembuatan [[pestisid]] jenis [[karbamat]] seperti [[carbaril]], ''[[carbofuran]]'', ''[[methomyl]]'', dan [[aldikarb]]. Bahan ini digunakan dalam pembuatan dan pemprosesan [[getah]] dan [[pelekat]]. |
||
== Bahaya == |
|||
Ia amat berbahya terhadap kesihatan manusia keran sifat [[toksik]] dan [[perengsa]]. Metil isosianit merupakan toksin utama dalam [[tragedi Bhopal 1984|bencana Bhopal]], yang meragut 8,000 nyawa pada waktu awal kejadian, dan lebih kurang 20,000 hingga 30,000 nyawa secara tuntas.<ref>Methyl Isocyanate. Union Carbide F-41443A – 7/76. Union Carbide Corporation, New York 1976</ref><ref>Operating Manual Part II. Methyl Isocyanate Unit. Union Carbide India Limited, Agricultural Products Division, 1979</ref><ref name="irs">{{cite journal |last1=Broughton |first1=E. |title=The Bhopal disaster and its aftermath: a review |journal=Environmental Health |year=2005 |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=6 |pmid=15882472 |pmc=1142333 |doi=10.1186/1476-069X-4-6}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Eckerman |first=I. |title=Chemical Industry and Public Health — Bhopal as an example |journal=MPH |year=2001 |volume=2001 |issue=24 |publisher=Nordic School of Public Health |location=Göteborg, Sweden |issn=1104-5701 |url=http://www.lakareformiljon.org/images/stories/dokument/2009/bhopal_gas_disaster.pdf |format=pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Eckerman |first=I. |title=The Bhopal Saga - Causes and Consequences of the World's Largest Industrial Disaster |url=http://www.eckerman.nu/default.cfm?page=The%20Bhopal%20Saga |year=2004 |publisher=Universities Press |location=India |isbn=81-7371-515-7}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://history1900s.about.com/od/1980s/qt/bhopal.htm |first=J. |last=Rosenberg |publisher=About.com |title=At 1984 - Huge Poison Gas Leak in Bhopal, India |accessdate=2008-07-10}}</ref><ref name="Eckerman2013">{{cite book |last=Eckerman |first=Ingrid |title=Bhopal Catastrophe 1984: Causes and Consequences |publisher=Elsevier |in=Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences |year=2013 |url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780124095489019035}}</ref> |
|||
== Rujukan == |
== Rujukan == |
||
{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}}{{Tunas-kimia}} |
||
[[Kategori:Isosianat]] |
[[Kategori:Isosianat]] |
||
{{tunas|kimia}} |
Semakan pada 03:17, 11 Jun 2018
Nama | |
---|---|
Nama IUPAC
Metil isosianat
| |
Nama IUPAC sistematik
Isosianatometana | |
Nama lain
Metil karbilamina
| |
Pengecam | |
Imej model 3D Jmol
|
|
Singkatan | MIC |
ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.009.879 |
PubChem CID
|
|
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
|
|
| |
| |
Sifat | |
C2H3NO | |
Jisim molar | 57.051 g/mol |
Rupa bentuk | Cecair jernih |
Takat lebur | −45 °C (−49 °F; 228 K) |
Takat didih | 38.3 °C (100.9 °F; 311.4 K) |
10% pada 15°C | |
Bahaya | |
NFPA 704 (berlian api) | |
Takat kilat | −7 °C (19 °F; 266 K) |
Dos maut (LD) atau kepekatan dos maut (LC) | |
LD50 (median dos)
|
120 mg/kg (tikus, secara oral) |
Kecuali jika dinyatakan sebaliknya, data diberikan untuk bahan-bahan dalam keadaan piawainya (pada 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Rujukan kotak info | |
Metil isosianat (Bahasa Inggeris: Methyl isocyanate) (MIC) ialah sebuah sebatian organik dengan formula molekul CH3NCO. Sinonim-sinonimnya ialah isocyanatomethane, metil karbilamina, dan MIC. Metil isosianit ialah kimia perantaraan dalam pembuatan pestisid jenis karbamat seperti carbaril, carbofuran, methomyl, dan aldikarb. Bahan ini digunakan dalam pembuatan dan pemprosesan getah dan pelekat.
Bahaya
Ia amat berbahya terhadap kesihatan manusia keran sifat toksik dan perengsa. Metil isosianit merupakan toksin utama dalam bencana Bhopal, yang meragut 8,000 nyawa pada waktu awal kejadian, dan lebih kurang 20,000 hingga 30,000 nyawa secara tuntas.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
Rujukan
- ^ Methyl Isocyanate. Union Carbide F-41443A – 7/76. Union Carbide Corporation, New York 1976
- ^ Operating Manual Part II. Methyl Isocyanate Unit. Union Carbide India Limited, Agricultural Products Division, 1979
- ^ Broughton, E. (2005). "The Bhopal disaster and its aftermath: a review". Environmental Health. 4 (1): 6. doi:10.1186/1476-069X-4-6. PMC 1142333. PMID 15882472.
- ^ Eckerman, I. (2001). "Chemical Industry and Public Health — Bhopal as an example" (pdf). MPH. Göteborg, Sweden: Nordic School of Public Health. 2001 (24). ISSN 1104-5701.
- ^ Eckerman, I. (2004). The Bhopal Saga - Causes and Consequences of the World's Largest Industrial Disaster. India: Universities Press. ISBN 81-7371-515-7.
- ^ Rosenberg, J. "At 1984 - Huge Poison Gas Leak in Bhopal, India". About.com. Dicapai pada 2008-07-10.
- ^ Eckerman, Ingrid (2013). Bhopal Catastrophe 1984: Causes and Consequences. Elsevier. Unknown parameter
|in=
ignored (bantuan)