Lihat sumber bagi Orang Igbo

{{Infobox ethnic group
|group=Orang Igbo
|native_name=Ṇ́dị́ Ìgbò|image=[[File:Naming child.jpg|140px]]<br>[[File:Igbo_Community_in_Nigeria_and_Africa.svg|140px]]
|image_caption=Upacara penamaan anak mengikut kepercayaan [[Ọdinani]]<br>[[Igboland|Kawasan asal Igbo]] (hijau tua) dalam [[Nigeria]] (hijau)
|pop=s. 45 juta orang <small>(aggr. 2020)</small>
|popplace={{NGA}} 35.5 juta orang (2020)<ref name="Nigeria CIA">[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ni.html Nigeria country profile] at CIA's ''[[The World Factbook]]'': "Igbo 20.2%" out of a population of 214 million (2020 estimate).</ref> <br>
{{GNQ}} 35,500 orang<ref name="PeopleGroups.org"> [https://www.peoplegroups.org/Explore/groupdetails.aspx?peid=13167] PeopleGroups.org - Igbo</ref>
|languages={{hlist| [[bahasa Igbo]], [[bahasa Inggeris]] }}
|religions=[[agama Kristian]], ada aliran berterapkan [[Odinani|anutan asal]],<!-- Please keep any further information on denomination and minority religions in the main article to keep the infobox decongested --> <ref name="UCHENDU 63–87"/>|related-c=[[orang Ibibio|Ibibio]], [[orang Efik|Efik]], [[orang Annang|Annang]], [[orang Ogoni|Ogoni]], [[orang Idoma|Idoma]], [[orang Igala|Igala]], [[orang Urhobo|Urhobo]], [[orang Ijaw|Ijaw]], [[Ogoja]]; kawasan [[YEAI]] [[Volta-Niger]]}}
'''Orang Igbo''' (nama asal: {{Lang|ig|'''Ṇ́dị́ Ìgbò'''}}) adalah salah satu [[ Kumpulan etnik di Afrika|kumpulan etnik]] terbesar di benua [[Afrika]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fwuQ71ZbaOcC&pg=PA32|title=Nigeria: The Bradt Travel Guide|last=Williams|first=Lizzie|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|year=2008|isbn=978-1-84162-239-2|page=32}}</ref> Mereka berasal dari kawasan lembahan [[Sungai Niger]]<ref name="www.faculty.ucr.edu">{{Cite web|url=http://www.faculty.ucr.edu/~legneref/igbo/igbo1.htm|title=The Igbo People – Origins & History|last=Slattery|first=Katharine|website=www.faculty.ucr.edu|publisher=School of English, Queen's University of Belfast|access-date=April 20, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sAY8aQz4ztEC&pg=PA17&lpg=PA17&dq=igbo+in+the+east+and+west+of+niger#v=onepage|title=Foreign Missionary Background and Indigenous Evangelization in Igboland: Igboland and The Igbo People of Nigeria|last=Chigere|first=Nkem Hyginus|publisher=Transaction Publishers, USA|year=2000|isbn=978-3-8258-4964-1|page=17|access-date=January 17, 2016}}</ref> di selatan, tengah dan tenggara [[Nigeria]] dan juga [[Guinea Khatulistiwa]],<ref name="Igbo Defender">{{Cite web|url=https://igbodefender.com/2018/08/19/the-native-igbo-of-equatorial-guinea|title=The Native Igbo Of Equatorial Guinea|website=www.igbodefender.com|access-date=2020-05-18}}</ref><ref name="Mwakikagile 2006 862">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gE2iP2KSnmMC&pg=PA86|title=African Countries: An Introduction with Maps|last=Mwakikagile|first=Godfrey|publisher=Pan-African Books: Continental Press|year=2006|isbn=978-0-620-34815-7|page=86}}</ref> namun ada juga terdapat di [[Cameroon]],<ref name="Forrest 1994 2722">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i0NinkShiHYC&pg=PA272|title=The Advance of African Capital: The Growth of Nigerian Private Enterprise|last=Forrest|first=Tom|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|year=1994|isbn=978-0-7486-0492-0|edition=illustrated|page=272}}</ref> [[Gabon]] malah jauh di luar Afrika. Masyarakat kaum ini sering didapati di kawasan membandar.

Mereka menuturkan [[bahasa Igbo]] yang tergolong dalam [[Bahasa-bahasa Niger-Congo|rumpun bahasa Niger-Congo]] dan terbahagi kepada loghat kawasan berbeza.<ref name="dialect">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_34ReDEC2hMC&pg=PA66|title=African languages, development and the state|last1=Fardon|first1=Richard|last2=Furniss|first2=Graham|publisher=Routledge|year=1994|isbn=0-415-09476-3|page=66|accessdate=2009-04-12}}</ref>

== Taburan penduduk ==
Di wilayah pedesaan Nigeria, suku Igbo sebagian besar berprofesi sebagai seorang petukang, petani dan pedagang. Hasil tuaian utama mereka adalah [[Ubi keledek|ubi rambat]],<ref name="yam">{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/birmingham/content/articles/2008/08/01/yam_and_the_igbos_feature.shtml|title=Yam and the Igbos|last=Agwu|first=Kene|publisher=BBC Birmingham|accessdate=2008-11-24}}</ref> [[singkong]] dan [[talas]].<ref name="brit1">{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/282215/Igbo|title=Igbo|publisher=[[Britannica Online Encyclopedia]]|accessdate=2009-02-01}}</ref> Suku Igbo juga sangat terurbanisasi. Beberapa kota besar di [[Igboland]] adalah [[Onitsha]], [[Enugu]], [[Aba, Nigeria|Aba]], [[Owerri]], [[Orlu, Imo|Orlu]], [[Okigwe]], [[Asaba, Delta|Asaba]], [[Awka]], [[Nsukka]], [[Nnewi]], [[Umuahia]], [[Abakaliki]], [[Afikpo]], [[Agbor]] dan [[Arochukwu]].

== Sejarah ==
Sebelum masa penjajahan Britania pada abad ke-20, masyarakat Igbo terpecah belah menjadi beberapa negara, seperti [[Kerajaan Nri|Nri]], [[Arochukwu]], [[Agbor]] dan [[Onitsha]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G3VSwvEG4QcC&pg=PA437|title=The End of slavery in Africa|last1=Miers|first1=Suzanne|last2=Roberts|first2=Richard L.|publisher=University of Wisconsin Press|year=1988|isbn=0-299-11554-2|page=437}}</ref> Mereka tidak terlalu didampak [[Jihad Fulani|jihad Islam]] di Nigeria utara pada abad ke-19, sehingga kebanyakan orang Igbo mulai memeluk agama Krisiaen pada masa penjajahan. Setelah Nigeria merdeka, suku Igbo mengembangkan pengenakan etnis yang kuat.<ref name="brit1" />

Pada masa [[Perang Saudara Nigeria]] pada tahun 1967–1970, wilayah-wilayah Igbo sempat memisahkan diri menjadi [[Biafra|Republik Biafra]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Shadows: Airlift and Airwar in Biafra and Nigeria 1967–1970|last=Forsythe|first=Frederick|year=2006|isbn=1-902109-63-5|page=1}}</ref> [[MASSOB]], organisasi sektarian yang dibentuk pada tahun 1999, meneruskan perjuangan kemerdekaan Igbo tanpa menggunakan kekerasan.<ref>{{cite book|title=The "civil society" problematique: deconstructing civility and southern Nigeria's ethnic radicalization|last=Adekson|first=Adedayo Oluwakayode|publisher=Routledge|year=2004|isbn=0-415-94785-5|pages=87, 96}}</ref>

== Budaya ==
=== Seni ===
{{Multiple image
| align = 
| direction = vertical
| image1 = NewYam-IgboFestival-Dublin.jpg
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| caption1 = Penari Igbo bersiap untuk persembahan meraikan akhir musim hujan di pesta budaya Dublin, Ireland.
| image2 = Emblem. Southern Nigeria, Igbo people (?). Musée des Confluences.jpg
| caption2 = Ukiran kayu Igbo abad ke-20 di Musée des Confluences, Lyon, Perancis.
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}}
Orang Igbo banyak menghasilkan [[topeng]] dengan corak motif menyerupai manusia, haiwan atau benda abstrak.

{{Bahagian kosong|date=September 2020}}

=== Pemakanan ===
[[Keladi|Ubi keladi]] merupakan [[makanan ruji]] masyarakat ini di mana ia dimasak dalam pelbagai cara.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/birmingham/content/articles/2008/08/01/yam_and_the_igbos_feature.shtml|title=Yam and the Igbos|last=BBC|website=www.bbc.co.uk|language=en-gb|access-date=2019-04-20}}</ref>

=== Kepercayaan ===
Banyak orang Igbo beragama Kristian hasil ketibaan para mubaligh yang datang dengan pihak penjajah tahun 1857,<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8UDxeHNx4tsC&pg=PA292|title=Rain Forests of the World|last=Greenaway|first=Theresa|author2=Rolf E. Johnson|author3=Nathan E. Kraucunas|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|year=2002|isbn=978-0-7614-7254-4|page=292}}</ref> bangsa ini merupakan etnik paling banyak memeluk ajaran ini di benua Afrika.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ekwueme|first=Lazarus Nnanyelu|date=1973|title=African Music in Christian Liturgy: The Igbo Experiment|url=http://journal.ru.ac.za/index.php/africanmusic/article/download/1655/771|journal=African Music|volume=5|issue=3|pages=12–33|doi=10.21504/amj.v5i3.1655|issn=0065-4019|jstor=30249968|doi-access=free}}</ref> Namun ada juga yang masih beranutan [[Odinani]],<ref name="isichei246">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LgnhYDozENgC|title=A History of African Societies to 1870|author=Isichei, Elizabeth Allo|publisher=Cambridge University Press Cambridge, UK|year=1997|isbn=978-0-521-45599-2|page=512}}</ref> suatu kepercayaan ekadewa menumpu kepada [[Chukwu]] didampingi roh-roh berkuasa iaitu [[Odinani#Spirits|Mmuo]] dan [[Alusi]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Social Anthropology of Africa: An Introduction|last=Onwuejeogwu|first=M. Angulu|publisher=Heinemann|year=1975|isbn=978-0-435-89701-7|edition=illustrated|page=179}}</ref>

== Rujukan ==
[[Kategori:Rencana dengan mikroformat hAudio]]