Maharani Michiko dari Jepun
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| Rencana ini sedang diusahakan oleh: Didie |
Maharani Michiko dari Jepun, (lahir 20 Oktober, 1934) nama lahir Michiko Shōda (正田 美智子 Shōda Michiko?) dan menjadi Puteri Mahkota Jepun dari (10 April, 1959 hingga 7 Januari, 1989), merupakan isteri kepada Maharaja Jepun, HIM Maharaja Akihito. Dia ialah rakyat biasa yang pertama berkahwin dengan keluarga diraja Jepun. Menjadi puteri mahkota dan akhirnya menjadi maharani. Gelaran penuhnya ialah Yang Teramat Agung Diraja Maharani Michiko dari Jepun.
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[sunting] Kehidupan peribadi
Maharani Michiko dilahirkan di Tokyo, anak sulung Hidesaburo Shoda, Presiden dan Pengerusi kehormat Nisshin Flour Milling Company, dan isterinya, Fumiko Soejima. Beliau telah belajar di Futaba Elementary School di Tokyo, tetapi terpaksa meninggalkan sepanjang darjah empat lantaran pengeboman Amerika sepanjang Perang Dunia Kedua. Beliau kembali ke sekolah tersebut sebaik perang tamat dan menyambung pengajian ke Sekolah Tinggi Seishin (Hati Suci) di Tokyo.
Beliau memperoleh ijazah sarjana muda sastera Inggeris daripada Fakulti Kesusasteraan di University of the Sacred Heart, Tokyo(Universiti Hati Suci) pada tahun 1957.
Penulis biografi Yukio Mishima melaporkan bahawa Maharaja Akihito sangat berharap untuk mengahwini Maharani Michiko , selepas diperkenalkan pada tahun 1950-an.
[sunting] Pertunangan
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In August 1957, she met then-Crown Prince Akihito on a tennis court at Karuizawa. The Imperial Household Council (a body comprised of the prime minister of Japan, the presiding officers of the two houses of the Diet of Japan (or parliament), the chief judge of the Supreme Court, and two members of the imperial family) formally approved the engagement of the Crown Prince to Michiko Shoda on November 27, 1958.
Although the future crown princess was the daughter of a wealthy industrialist, she was a commoner. During the 1950s, the media and most persons familiar with the Japanese monarchy had assumed the powerful Imperial Household Agency (Kunaicho) would select a bride for Crown Prince Akihito from among the daughters of the former court nobility (kuge) or from one of the former branches of the imperial family. Some traditionalists opposed the engagement, and it was widely rumored that the Empress Kōjun also was against her son's engagement. When the dowager empress died in 2000, Reuters news agency reported that she had bullied her effervescent new daughter-in-law into a rumored nervous breakdown in the early 1960s. The young couple nonetheless proved widely popular among the Japanese public.
[sunting] Perkahwinan dan Keluarga
Pasangan ini berkahwin pada 10 April 1959.
Pasangan ini dikurnia 3 cahaya mata iaitu:
- DYTM Naruhito, Putera Mahkota Jepun, b. 23 Februari , 1960;
- DYTM Putera Akishino (Fumihito), b. 30 November , 1965; dan
- turut menggunakan gelaran DYTM(sebelum berkahwin) Puteri Nori (Sayako), b. 18 April, 1969.
Crown Prince Akihito and Crown Princess Michiko again broke precedent by preferring to raise their children instead of entrusting them to the care of court chamberlains; the crown princess even breastfed. Her efforts to break free of suffocating court etiquette regarding childrearing may have been even more serious than is popularly known. An article written by Sheila K. Johnson and published in 1997 in the JPRI Critique, the journal of the Japan Policy Research Institute -- "Sad Lives: A Tale of Two Princesses," Vol. 4, No. 9 -- reported that in the 1960s, rumors abounded that Crown Princess Michiko underwent an abortion partly to spite her controlling father-in-law, Emperor Hirohito.
Upon the death of the Emperor Shōwa (Hirohito) on January 7, 1989, her husband became Japan's 125th emperor and she became empress (consort). The new Emperor and Empress were enthroned (Sokui Rei Seiden no Gi) at the Imperial Palace in Tokyo on November 12, 1990.
As Crown Prince and Crown Princess, Akihito and Michiko made official visits to thirty-seven countries. Since their enthronement, the Imperial couple have visited an additional eighteen countries, and have done much to make the Imperial family more visible and approachable in contemporary Japan.
