Claude Monet
Claude Monet | |
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![]() Claude Monet, gambar oleh Nadar, tahun 1899. | |
Kelahiran | Oscar-Claude Monet 14 November 1840 Paris, France |
Meninggal dunia | 5 Disember 1926 Giverny, France | (umur 86)
Warganegara | Perancis |
Terkenal kerana | Pelukis |
Karya terkenal | Impression, soleil levant siri Rouen Cathedral siri London Parliament Water Lilies Haystacks Poplars |
Gerakan politik | Impresionisme |
Penaung | Gustave Caillebotte, Ernest Hoschedé, Georges Clemenceau |
Claude Monet (14 November 1840 – 5 December 1926) ialah seorang pengasas lukisan Impresionisme Perancis. Beliau merupakan pengamal tekal falsafah meluahkan tanggapan pelukis tentang alam semula jadi, terutamanya dalam lukisan landskap luar (plein-air) pergerakan itu dan menghasilkan banyak karya dalam genre tersebut.[1][2] Perkataan "Impressionism" merupakan terbitan daripada judul lukisannya, Impression, soleil levant ("Impression, terbit matahari").
Paris dan Giverney[sunting | sunting sumber]


Pada tahun 1862 Monet menuntut di bawah Charles Gleyre di Paris, di mana beliau bertemu Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Frederic Bazille dan Alfred Sisley. Mereka bersama-sama berkongsi pendekatan baharu terhadap seni lukis, melukis kesan cahaya ("plein air") dengan warna berbintik dan coretan pantas, yang kemudiannya dikenali sebagai Impresionisme.
Pada tahun 1872, beliau melukis Impression, soleil levant ("Impression, terbit matahari" ) yang menggambarkan pemandangan pelabuhan Le Havre. Lukisan ini dipamerkan pada tahun 1874 dalam pameran lukisan Impresionis pertama. Pengkritik seni Louis Leroy membuat kata ciptaan Impressionism daripada tajuk lukisan Monet; Leroy mencipta perkatan tersebut untuk mencemuh gaya pelukis Impresionisme, akan tetapi perkataannya telah diambil oleh para Impresionis sebagai gelaran pergerakan seni mereka.
Monet gemar melukis pemandangan semula jadi terkawal: taman bunga miliknya di Giverny, dengan bunga telepok, tasik, dan jambatan. Beliau juga melukis tebing sungai Seine, dan menghasilkan lukisan seperti Break-up of the ice on the Seine ("Pencairan ais di sungai Seine"). Beliau menulis pesanan harian kepada tukang kebunnya, atur letak persisi bagi tanaman dan catatan berkaitan pembelian bunga serta himpunan buku-buku botani. Taman Monet berkembang seiring dengan kemewahannya dan beliau merupakan ahli seni landskap tamannya mahupun beliau menggaji tujuh orang taukang kebun.[3]
Galeri[sunting | sunting sumber]
Lukisan awal[sunting | sunting sumber]
The Woman in the Green Dress, (Camille Doncieux), 1866, Kunsthalle Bremen Bremen.
Le déjeuner sur l'herbe, 1865–1866, The Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow.
Woman in a Garden, 1867, Hermitage, St. Petersburg
Jardin à Sainte-Adresse, 1867, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City
The Luncheon, 1868, Städel Museum, Frankfurt
The Magpie, 1868–1869. Musée d'Orsay, Paris.
The Artist's house at Argenteuil, 1873, The Art Institute of Chicago
Train in the Snow, 1875, Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris.
Madame Monet in a Japanese Costume, 1875, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
Camille Monet at her tapestry loom, 1875, Barnes Foundation, Merion, PA
Argenteuil, 1875, Musée de l'Orangerie, Paris.
Street in Vétheuil in Winter, 1879, Gothenburg Museum of Art
Lavacourt: Sunshine and Snow, 1879–1880 National Gallery, London
Lukisan terkemudian[sunting | sunting sumber]
The Artist's Garden at Vétheuil, 1880, National Gallery of Art
La maison du pêcheur à Varengeville (The Fisherman's house at Varengeville), 1882, Museum Boymans-van Beuningen, Rotterdam
Rock Arch West of Étretat (The Manneport), 1883, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
The Cliffs at Etretat, 1885, Clark Art Institute, Williamstown, Massachusetts
Study of a Figure Outdoors: Woman with a Parasol, facing left, 1886. The pictured woman is Suzanne Hoschedé (c. 1864-1899), eldest daughter of Alice Hoschedé, second wife of Claude Monet, Musée d'Orsay.
Haystacks, (sunset), 1890–1891, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
- The four trees--Claude Monet--1891--oil on canvas--82 x 81.5 cm--the Metropolitan Museum of Art--four poplars on the banks of the Epte River near Giverny.jpg
Four Poplars on the Banks of the Epte River near Giverny, 1891, Metropolitan Museum of Art
Rouen Cathedral, Façade (sunset), 1892–1894, Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris
The Seine at Giverny, 1897, National Gallery of Art
Charing Cross Bridge, 1899, Collection Carmen Thyssen-Bornemisza, Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, Madrid
Bridge over a Pond of Water Lilies, 1899, Metropolitan Museum of Art
Poplars on the Epte, 1900, National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh
Garden Path, 1902, Österreichische Galerie Belvedere
Water Lilies, 1906, Art Institute of Chicago
Water Lilies, 1907, Bridgestone Museum of Art, Tokyo
Palace From Mula, Venice, 1908, National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.
The Grand Canal, Venice 1908, Boston Museum of Fine Arts
Water Lilies, 1914–1917, Toledo Museum of Art, Toledo, Ohio
Nympheas, 1915, Neue Pinakothek, Munich
Nympheas, 1915, Musée Marmottan Monet
White and yellow Water Lilies, (1915 -1917), Kunstmuseum Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
Nympheas, c. 1916, Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris
Water Lilies, 1916, The National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo
Water Lilies and Reflections of a Willow (1916–19), Musée Marmottan Monet
Water Lilies, 1917–1919, Honolulu Museum of Art
Weeping Willow, 1918–1919, Kimball Art Museum, Fort Worth
Water Lilies, 1919, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City
Sea-Roses (Yellow Nirwana), 1920, The National Gallery, London
Water-Lily Pond, c. 1915–1926, Chichu Art Museum, Naoshima, Kagawa, Japan
The Rose-Way in Giverny, 1920–1922, Musée Marmottan Monet
Rujukan[sunting | sunting sumber]
- ^ House, John, et al.: Monet in the 20th century, page 2, Yale University Press, 1998.
- ^ "Claude MONET biography". Giverny.org. 2 December 2009. Dicapai pada 5 June 2012.
- ^ Garrett, Robert (20 May 2007). "Monet's gardens a draw to Giverny and to his art". Globe Correspondents. Dicapai pada 13 October 2008.
Bacaan lanjut[sunting | sunting sumber]
- Howard, Michael The Treasures of Monet. (Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris, 2007).
- Kendall, Richard Monet by Himself, (Macdonald & Co 1989, updated Time Warner Books 2004), ISBN 0-316-72801-2
- Tucker, Paul Hayes, Monet in the '90s. (Museum of Fine Arts in association with Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 1989).
- Tucker, Paul Hayes Claude Monet: Life and Art Amilcare Pizzi, Italy 1995 ISBN 0-300-06298-2
- Tucker, Paul Hayes, Monet in the 20th century. (Royal Academy of Arts, London, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston and Yale University press. 1998).
Pautan luar[sunting | sunting sumber]
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Wikiquote mempunyai koleksi petikan mengenai: Claude Monet |
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Wikimedia Commons mempunyai media berkaitan Claude Monet |
- Templat:MoMA artist
- Claude Monet by himself, intermonet.com
- Claude Monet paintings, media & interactive timeline, mootnotes.com
- Claude Monet: life and paintings Diarkibkan 2014-12-18 di Wayback Machine
- Comparison of reproductions of Monet, kasrl.org
- Monet at Giverny
- Photos of Monet's grave
- The Unknown Monet exhibition Diarkibkan 2015-01-14 di Wayback Machine – view sketchbooks, clarkart.edu
- Union List of Artist Names, Getty Vocabularies.
- Karya oleh atau mengenai Claude Monet di perpustakaan (katalog WorldCat)
- Claude Monet Works
- Rencana dengan pengenalan AAG
- Rencana dengan pengenalan NGV
- AC dengan 36 elemen
- Halaman menggunakan kawalan kewibawaan dengan parameter semua sepadan dengan Wikidata
- Claude Monet
- 1840 births
- 1926 deaths
- Alumni of the École des Beaux-Arts
- Artists from Paris
- Cancer deaths in France
- Deaths from lung cancer
- French painters
- Impressionist painters
- People from Le Havre
- French Impressionist painters