Pokok filogenetik
Pokok filogenetik (juga filogeni atau pokok evolusi [3]) ialah gambar rajah bercabang atau pokok yang menunjukkan hubungan evolusi dalam kalangan pelbagai spesies biologi atau entiti lain berdasarkan persamaan dan perbezaan dalam ciri-ciri fizikal dan genetiknya. Kesemua hidupan di Bumi sebahagian daripada pokok filogenetik yang tunggal, menandakan keturunan bersama.
Lihat juga
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Klad
- Kladistik
- Filogenetik pengiraan
- Biologi evolusi
- Taksonomi evolusi
- Penjajaran pokok umum
- Senarai perisian filogenetik
- Senarai perisian tampak pokok filogenetik
- PANDIT, pangkalan data biologi meliputi domain protein
- Kaedah perbandingan filogenetik
- Pangkat taksonomi
Rujukan
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ Letunic, Ivica; Bork, Peer (1 January 2007). "Interactive Tree Of Life (iTOL): an online tool for phylogenetic tree display and annotation" (PDF). Bioinformatics. 23 (1): 127–128. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btl529. ISSN 1367-4803. PMID 17050570. Diarkibkan (PDF) daripada yang asal pada November 29, 2015. Dicapai pada 2015-07-21.
- ^ Ciccarelli, F. D.; Doerks, T.; Von Mering, C.; Creevey, C. J.; Snel, B.; Bork, P. (2006). "Toward automatic reconstruction of a highly resolved tree of life" (PDF). Science. 311 (5765): 1283–1287. Bibcode:2006Sci...311.1283C. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.381.9514. doi:10.1126/science.1123061. PMID 16513982. S2CID 1615592.
- ^ Felsenstein J. (2004). Inferring Phylogenies Sinauer Associates: Sunderland, MA.
Bacaan lanjut
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Schuh, R. T. and A. V. Z. Brower. 2009. Biological Systematics: principles and applications (2nd edn.) ISBN 978-0-8014-4799-0
- Manuel Lima, The Book of Trees: Visualizing Branches of Knowledge, 2014, Princeton Architectural Press, New York.
- MEGA, a free software to draw phylogenetic trees.
- Gontier, N. 2011. "Depicting the Tree of Life: the Philosophical and Historical Roots of Evolutionary Tree Diagrams." Evolution, Education, Outreach 4: 515–538.
Pautan luar
[sunting | sunting sumber] |
Wikimedia Commons mempunyai media berkaitan Pokok filogenetik |
Imej
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Human Y-Chromosome 2002 Phylogenetic Tree
- iTOL: Interactive Tree Of Life
- Phylogenetic Tree of Artificial Organisms Evolved on Computers
- Miyamoto and Goodman's Phylogram of Eutherian Mammals
Umum
[sunting | sunting sumber]- An overview of different methods of tree visualization is available at Page, R. D. M. (2011). "Space, time, form: Viewing the Tree of Life". Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 27 (2): 113–120. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2011.12.002. PMID 22209094.
- OneZoom: Tree of Life – all living species as intuitive and zoomable fractal explorer (responsive design)
- Discover Life An interactive tree based on the U.S. National Science Foundation's Assembling the Tree of Life Project
- PhyloCode
- A Multiple Alignment of 139 Myosin Sequences and a Phylogenetic Tree
- Tree of Life Web Project
- Phylogenetic inferring on the T-REX server
- NCBI's Taxonomy Database[1]
- ETE: A Python Environment for Tree Exploration This is a programming library to analyze, manipulate and visualize phylogenetic trees. Ref.
- A daily-updated tree of (sequenced) life Fang, H.; Oates, M. E.; Pethica, R. B.; Greenwood, J. M.; Sardar, A. J.; Rackham, O. J. L.; Donoghue, P. C. J.; Stamatakis, A.; De Lima Morais, D. A.; Gough, J. (2013). "A daily-updated tree of (sequenced) life as a reference for genome research". Scientific Reports. 3: 2015. Bibcode:2013NatSR...3E2015F. doi:10.1038/srep02015. PMC 6504836. PMID 23778980.