Yuval Noah Harari
Yuval Noah Harari יובל נח הררי | |
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| Kelahiran | 24 Februari 1976 |
| Pusat pendidikan | Hebrew University of Jerusalem (BA) Jesus College, Oxford (MA, DPhil) |
| Terkenal kerana | Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind (2011) Homo Deus: A Brief History of Tomorrow (2015) 21 Lessons for the 21st Century (2018) |
| Pasangan | Itzik Yahav |
| Kerjaya saintifik | |
| Bidang | Big History Social philosophy |
| Institusi | Hebrew University of Jerusalem |
| Tesis | History and I: War and the Relations between History and Personal Identity in Renaissance Military Memoirs, c. 1450–1600 (2002) |
| Penasihat kedoktoran | Steven Gunn |
| Laman web rasmi | Official website |
| Tandatangan | |
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Yuval Noah Harari (Ibrani: יובל נח הררי; lahir 24 Februari 1976) adalah seorang profeseor, sejarawan, cendekiawan,[1][2][3] dan penulis kelahiran Israel, beliau bekerja dalam jabatan sejarah Universiti Ibrani Baitulmaqdis.[4] Penulisan beliau menyentuh sejarah dan perubansuran manusia yang memajukan diri dari segi teknologi dan kemasyarakatan meletakkan diri sebagai spesies puncak bumi, beliau turut mengemukakan idea membayangkan nasib kemanusiaan yang akan didorong oleh kelebihan dibawa kesan data besar[5][6] untuk menghasilkan kemajuan mencapai kehendak dan keinginan yang dikatakan mampu melebihi kemampuan manusia sendiri.[7] Beliau juga pengkritik dasar-dasar politik dilaksanakan pemerintah Israel terutamanya kabinet Benjamin Netanyahu yang cuba menjatuhkan timbang tara kehakiman dalam entiti tersebut.[8]
Awal hidup dan pendidikan[sunting | sunting sumber]
Yuval Noah Harari lahir seorang dari tiga adik beradik dalam keluarga Yahudi Sekular di Kafrita, Daerah Haifa di entiti Israel, ayahnya Shlomo Harari seorang jurutera upahan dalam sebuah syarikat senjata api manakala ibunya Pnina Harari seorang pegawai kerajaan.[1][9][10]
Beliau menundakan pengerahan wajib dalam Angkatan Pertahanan Israel agar dapat memasuki rancangan pengajian rizab tetapi dikecualikan kemudian atas faktor kesihatan.[1] Beliau mengaji sejarah dan hubungan antarabangsa di Universiti Ibrani Baitulmaqdis pada usia 17 tahun.[11] Beliau mengkhusus pengajian sejarah zaman pertengahan dan sejarah ketenteraan 1993-8 di sana. Beliau menyempurakan Kedoktoran falsafah di Jesus College, Oxford di bawah Steven J. Gunn tahun 2002; di sanalah beliau membaca penulisan Jared Diamond, terutamanya buku Guns, Germs, and Steel yang memutuk minatnya kepada penulisan sedemikian.[1][12] Beliau menjadi Felo Yad Hanadiv dalam bidang sejarah jurusan pascadoktor tahun 2003-5.[13]
Penulisan utama[sunting | sunting sumber]
Buku Qitsur Toldot Ha-Enoshut (2011, Ibrani: קיצור תולדות האנושות "Ringkasan Sejarah Manusia") berdasarkan 20 syarahan sejarah di universitinya menerangkan tentang sejarah manusia semenjak terjadinya "revolusi kognitif" pada Zaman Batu sekitar 50,000 tahun yang lalu menyingkirkan keberadaan Neanderthal, menguasai linguistik kognitif, mengembangkan masyarakat yang terstruktur dan menjadi predator puncak. Kemudian terjadi revolusi agrikultur dan kini manusia semakin diperkuat oleh revolusi sains. Buku ini menjadi masyhur melalui terjemahan Inggerisnya Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind (2014) selain ke dalam 45 bahasa asing.[14] Pada November 2020, ia disadurkan ke dalam bentuk novel grafik di bawah tajuk Sapiens: A Graphic History – The Birth of Humankind, karangan bersama David Vandermeulen dan Daniel Casanave untuk Penguin Books.[15]
Buku Ha-Historia Shel Ha-Makhár (2015, Ibrani: ההיסטוריה של המחר "Sejarah Keesokan Hari", tajuk terjemahan Inggeris: Homo Deus: A Brief History of Tomorrow) mengisahkan kecenderungan manusia meramal masa depan sendiri diselingkan latar belakang sejarah demikian.
Bibliografi[sunting | sunting sumber]
Books[sunting | sunting sumber]
- Renaissance Military Memoirs: War, History and Identity, 1450–1600 (Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer, 2004), ISBN 978-184-383-064-1
- Special Operations in the Age of Chivalry, 1100–1550 (Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer, 2007), ISBN 978-184-383-292-8
- The Ultimate Experience: Battlefield Revelations and the Making of Modern War Culture, 1450–2000 (Houndmills: Palgrave-Macmillan, 2008), ISBN 978-023-058-388-7
- Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind (London: Harvill Secker, 2014) ISBN 978-006-231-609-7
- Sapiens: A Graphic History, Volume 1 – The Birth of Humankind (London: Jonathan Cape, 2020)
- Sapiens: A Graphic History, Volume 2 − The Pillars of Civilization (London: Jonathan Cape, 2021)
- Homo Deus: A Brief History of Tomorrow (2016), ISBN 978-1910701881
- Money: Vintage Minis (select excerpts from Sapiens and Homo Deus (London: Penguin Random House, 2018) ISBN 978-1784874025
- 21 Lessons for the 21st Century (London: Jonathan Cape, 2018), ISBN 1787330672
- Unstoppable Us, Volume 1 − How Humans Took Over the World (Bright Matter Books, 2022), ISBN 0593643461
Rencana[sunting | sunting sumber]
- "The Military Role of the Frankish Turcopoles – a Reassessment", Mediterranean Historical Review 12 (1) (June 1997), pp. 75–116.
- "Inter-Frontal Cooperation in the Fourteenth Century and Edward III's 1346 Campaign", War in History 6 (4) (September 1999), pp. 379–395
- "Strategy and Supply in Fourteenth-Century Western European Invasion Campaigns", The Journal of Military History 64 (2) (April 2000), pp. 297–334.
- "Eyewitnessing in Accounts of the First Crusade: The Gesta Francorum and Other Contemporary Narratives", Crusades 3 (August 2004), pp. 77–99
- "Martial Illusions: War and Disillusionment in Twentieth-Century and Renaissance Military Memoirs", The Journal of Military History 69 (1) (January 2005), pp. 43–72
- "Military Memoirs: A Historical Overview of the Genre from the Middle Ages to the Late Modern Era", War in History 14:3 (2007), pp. 289–309
- "The Concept of 'Decisive Battles' in World History", The Journal of World History 18 (3) (2007), 251–266
- "Knowledge, Power and the Medieval Soldier, 1096–1550", in In Laudem Hierosolymitani: Studies in Crusades and Medieval Culture in Honour of Benjamin Z. Kedar, ed. Iris Shagrir, Ronnie Ellenblum and Jonathan Riley-Smith, (Ashgate, 2007)
- "Combat Flow: Military, Political and Ethical Dimensions of Subjective Well-Being in War", Review of General Psychology (September 2008)
- Introduction to Peter Singer's Animal Liberation, The Bodley Head, 2015.
- "Armchairs, Coffee and Authority: Eye-witnesses and Flesh-witnesses Speak about War, 1100–2000", Journal of Military History 74:1 (gennaio, 2010), pp. 53–78.
- "Yuval Noah Harari on big data, Google and the end of free will", Financial Times (August 2016).
- "Why It's No Longer Possible for Any Country to Win a War", Time (23 June 2017).
- "Why Technology Favors Tyranny", The Atlantic (October 2018).
- "Yuval Noah Harari: the world after coronavirus", Financial Times (20 March 2020).
- "Why Vladimir Putin has already lost this war", The Guardian (28 February 2022)
- "The End of the New Peace", The Atlantic (December 2022)
Rujukan[sunting | sunting sumber]
- ^ a b c d Parker, Ian (10 February 2020). "Yuval Noah Harari's History of Everyone, Ever". The New Yorker.
- ^ Anthony, Andrew (2018-08-05). "Yuval Noah Harari: 'The idea of free information is extremely dangerous'". The Observer (dalam bahasa Inggeris). ISSN 0029-7712. Dicapai pada 2023-02-16.
- ^ Lawton, Graham (17 August 2018). "Yuval Noah Harari: Why the reluctant guru is upsetting scientists". New Scientist (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Dicapai pada 11 May 2023.
- ^ Yuval Harari official website
- ^ Harari, Yuval Noah (2017). Homo Deus: A Brief History of Tomorrow. London: Vintage. m/s. 429. ISBN 9781784703936. OCLC 953597984.
- ^ Harari, Yuval Noah (26 August 2016). "Yuval Noah Harari on big data, Google and the end of free will". Financial Times. Dicapai pada 20 October 2017.
- ^ Harari, Yuval Noah (2016). Homo Deus: A Brief History of Tomorrow. London: Vintage. m/s. 75. ISBN 9781784703936. OCLC 953597984.
- ^ "#390 - Yuval Noah Harari: Human Nature, Intelligence, Power, and Conspiracies". Spotify. 17 July 2023.
- ^ Par Salomon Malka (28 September 2017) Les prédictions de Yuval Noah Harrari, L'arche magazine
- ^ Cadwalladr, Carole (5 July 2015). "Yuval Noah Harari: The age of the cyborg has begun – and the consequences cannot be known". The Guardian. Dicapai pada 2 November 2016.
- ^ "Harari".
- ^ "Historian Yuval Harari on the Books That Shaped Him – Activities". Berggruen Institute (dalam bahasa Inggeris). 28 February 2017. Dicapai pada 24 July 2020.
- ^ "CV at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem". 2008.
- ^ Payne, Tom (26 September 2014). "Sapiens: a Brief History of Humankind by Yuval Noah Harari, review: 'urgent questions'". The Telegraph. Dicapai pada 29 October 2014.
- ^ "Livestream Event | An Evening With Yuval Noah Harari". How To Academy (dalam bahasa Inggeris). 12 November 2020. Dicapai pada 13 November 2020.