Bursa Saham London

Bursa Saham London
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Jenis	Bursa Saham
Letak	London, United Kingdom
Koordinat	51°30′54″U 0°05′56.5″B
Ditubuhkan	1801
Pemilik	London Stock Exchange Group
Tokoh utama	Christopher S. Gibson-Smith (Pengerusi), Xavier Rolet (CEO)
Uang	GBX
Jumlah	3,233
Indeks	FTSE 100 Index FTSE 250 Index FTSE 350 Index FTSE SmallCap Index FTSE All-Share Index
Laman web	londonstockexchange.com

Dataran Paternoster. LSE menduduki sebahagian besar bangunan di bahagian kanan gambar ini.

Bursa Saham London adalah sebuah bursa saham yang terletak di London, United Kingdom. Ditubuhkan pada 1801, ia adalah salah satu dari bursa saham terbesar di dunia, dengan banyak penyenaraian luar negeri dan juga syarikat British. Bursa ini sebahagian dari London Stock Exchange Group dan oleh itu kadang kala dirujuk melalui oleh tanda penyemak untuk kumpulan itu, LSE.

Premisnya kini terletak di Dataran Paternoster berhampiran dengna

Sejarah

Lihat juga: TAURUS (share trading)

Asal-usul perdangan saham

The trade in shares in London began with the need to finance two voyages: The Muscovy Company's attempt to reach China via the White Sea north of Russia, and the East India Company voyage to India and the east. The trading in the stocks of the second company began in 1688.

Unable to finance these expensive journeys privately, the companies raised the money by selling shares to merchants, giving them a right to a portion of any profits eventually made.

Exchange

The idea soon caught on (one of the earliest was the Earl of Bedford's scheme to drain the fens). It is estimated that by 1695, there were 140 joint-stock companies. The trade in shares was centred around the City's Change Alley in two coffee shops: Garraway's and Jonathan's. The broker, John Castaing, published the prices of stocks and commodities called The Course of the Exchange and other things in these coffee shops.

Licensing of brokers

In 1697, a law was passed to "restrain the number and ill-practice of brokers and stockjobbers" following a number of insider trading and market-rigging incidents. It required all brokers to be licensed and to take an oath promising to act lawfully.

The South Sea Bubble

The Change Alley exchange thrived. However, it suffered a setback in 1720.

Much excitement was caused by the South Sea Company, stoked by brokers, the company's owner John Blunt and the government. Having set up the unprofitable company nine years previously, the government hoped to wipe out the large debts accumulated by offering shares to the public.

Shares in the company, which had started at £128 each at the start of the year, were soon fetching as much as £1,050 by June. The bubble inevitably burst, with share prices plunging to £175, then £124.

The incident caused outcry, forcing the government to pass legislation to prevent another bubble, and it took a long time for the stock exchange to recover.

Threadneedle Street and Capel Court

Jonathan's burnt down in 1748, and this, plus dissatisfaction with the overcrowding in the Alley, made the brokers build a New Jonathan's on Threadneedle Street, as well as charging an entrance fee. The building was soon renamed the Stock Exchange, only to be renamed again as the Stock Subscription Room in 1801, with new membership regulations.

Former LSE premises in Threadneedle Street

However, this too proved unsatisfactory, and the exchange moved to the newly built Capel Court in the same year. The exchange had recovered by the 1820s, bolstered by the growth of the railways, canals, mining and insurance industries (there were, however, problems with stags and dividend payments). Regional stock exchanges were formed across the UK. Bonds (or gilt-edged securities) also began to be traded.

Jata

It received its own Coat of Arms in 1923. Its motto is dictum meum pactum, "My word is my bond".

Menara Bursa Saham

The former Stock Exchange Tower, based in Threadneedle Street/Old Broad Street was opened by Queen Elizabeth II in 1972 and housed the Trading Floor where traders would traditionally meet to conduct business.

This became largely redundant with the advent of the Big Bang on 27 October 1986, which deregulated many of the Stock Exchange's activities. It eliminated fixed commissions on security trades and allowed securities firms to act as brokers and dealers. It also enabled an increased use of computerised systems that allowed dealing rooms to take precedence over face to face trading.

Pengeboman IRA

On 20 July 1990 a bomb planted by the IRA exploded in the men's toilets behind the visitors' gallery. The area had already been evacuated and nobody was injured. The long term trend towards electronic trading had been reducing the Exchange's status as a visitor attraction and, although the gallery reopened, it was closed permanently in 1992.

Dataran Paternoster

The Source by Greyworld, in the new LSE building

In July 2004, the London Stock Exchange moved from Threadneedle Street to Paternoster Square (EC4) close to St Paul's Cathedral, still within the "Square Mile" (the City of London).

It was officially opened by Queen Elizabeth II once again, accompanied by The Duke of Edinburgh, on 27 July 2004. The new building contains a specially commissioned dynamic sculpture called "The Source", by artists Greyworld.

"The Source" was originally designed to display words randomly extracted from the internet, but after many obscenities were spotted that element of the project was abandoned and now the elements of "The Source" randomly float during trading returning to a box-like shape by the end of trading hours

Peringkat

• Listed companies 2,899.

Lihat juga

Portal London

• London Stock Exchange Group plc
• Exchange Alley
• Chi-X
• Borsa Italiana
• Market maker
• Alternative Investment Market
• List of stock exchanges
• Mandatory quote period
• PSQ Analytics

Bacaan lanjut

• Michie, R. C. (1999). The London Stock Exchange: A History. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0198295081. 

Pautan luar

• London Stock Exchange website
• The LSE EuroSETS
• European Value Report
• "European Market Monitor: Down and Out Sans MTF Price Discovery in London." Despite a September 8 service outage, the LSE continues dominance setting prices for its listed securities. Global Investment Technology, Sept. 29, 2008

Katedral St Paul di City of London.