Rus' Kiev
.png)
Rus Kiev' (Slav Timur Kuno: Рѹ́сь (Rus' ), Рѹ́сьскаѧ землѧ (Rus'skaya zemlya)) merupakan sebuah persekutuan longgar[1] bangsa-bangsa Slav Timur dan Finn di Eropah dari lewat abad ke-9 ke pertengahan abad ke--13,[2] di bawah pemerintahan dinasti Rurik.[2] Negara-negara Belarus, Rusia dan Ukraine mendakwa kawasan ini sebagai leluhur asal budaya mereka.[3]
Rangkumannya yang terhebat pada pertengaha kurun ke-11 dari Laut Baltik di sbeelah utara ke Laut Hitam di sebelah selatannya, serta dari hulu sungai Vistula di sbeelah barat menuju ke Semenanjung Taman di sebelah timurnya.[4][5]
Persekutuan ini runtuh setelah penjajahan orang Mongol ke atasnya pada sekitar tahun 1240-an setelah lemah bertahun-tahun akibat pergelutan dalaman[6] serta terputusnya hubungan perdagangan dengan Kerajaan Byzantine akibat kemunduran Constantinople.[7]
Rujukan[sunting | sunting sumber]
- ^ John Channon & Robert Hudson, Penguin Historical Atlas of Russia (Penguin, 1995), p.16.
- ^ a b Kievan Rus, Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
- ^ Plokhy, Serhii (2006). The Origins of the Slavic Nations: Premodern Identities in Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus (PDF). New York: Cambridge University Press. m/s. 10–15. ISBN 978-0-521-86403-9. Dicapai pada 2010-04-27.
For all the salient differences between these three post-Soviet nations, they have much in common when it comes to their culture and history, which goes back to Kievan Rus', the medieval East Slavic state based in the capital of present-day Ukraine.
- ^ Kyivan Rus’, Encyclopedia of Ukraine, vol. 2 (1988), Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies.
- ^ See Historical map of Kievan Rus' from 980 to 1054.
- ^ Paul Robert Magocsi, Historical Atlas of East Central Europe (1993), p.15.
- ^ "Civilization in Eastern Europe Byzantium and Orthodox Europe". occawlonline.pearsoned.com. 2000. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 22 January 2010. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)
Bacaan lanjut[sunting | sunting sumber]
- Christian, David. A History of Russia, Mongolia and Central Asia. Blackwell, 1999.
- Franklin, Simon and Shepard, Jonathon, The Emergence of Rus, 750–1200. (Longman History of Russia, general editor Harold Shukman.) Longman, London, 1996. ISBN 0-582-49091-X
- Fennell, John, The Crisis of Medieval Russia, 1200–1304. (Longman History of Russia, general editor Harold Shukman.) Longman, London, 1983. ISBN 0-582-48150-3
- Jones, Gwyn. A History of the Vikings. 2nd ed. London: Oxford Univ. Press, 1984.
- Martin, Janet, Medieval Russia 980–1584. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1993. ISBN 0-521-36832-4
- Obolensky, Dimitri (1974) [1971]. The Byzantine Commonwealth: Eastern Europe, 500-1453. London: Cardinal.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Pritsak, Omeljan. The Origin of Rus'. Cambridge Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1991.
- Stang, Håkon. The Naming of Russia. Meddelelser, Nr. 77. Oslo: University of Oslo Slavisk-baltisk Avelding, 1996.
- Alexander F. Tsvirkun E-learning course. History of Ukraine. Journal Auditorium, Kiev 2010
- Velychenko, Stephen, National history as cultural process : a survey of the interpretations of Ukraine's past in Polish, Russian, and Ukrainian historical writing from the earliest times to 1914" Edmonton,1992.
- Velychenko, Stephen, "Nationalizing and Denationalizing the Past. Ukraine and Russia in Comparative Context", Ab Imperio 1 (2007).
- Velychenko, Stephen "New wine old bottle. Ukrainian history Muscovite-Russian Imperial myths and the Cambridge-History of Russia," http://historians.in.ua/index.php/dyskusiya/853-stephen-velychenko-new-wine-old-bottle-ukrainian-history-muscovite-russian-imperial-myths-and-the-cambridge-history-of-russia
