Chelodina oblonga

Chelodina oblonga
Status pemuliharaan
	; Hampir terancam (IUCN 2.3)
Pengelasan saintifik
Alam:	Haiwan
Filum:	Kordata
Kelas:	Reptilia
Order:	Testudines
Suborder:	Pleurodira
Keluarga:	Chelidae
Subkeluarga:	Chelodininae
Genus:	Chelodina
Subgenus:	Macrochelodina
Spesies:	C. (M.) oblonga
Nama binomial
	Chelodina oblonga; Gray J.E., 1841
	Taburan habitat C. (M) oblonga di Australia dan New Guinea.
Sinonim
	Chelodina oblonga Gray 1841:446 (nomen protectum, ICZN 2013); Chelodina rugosa Ogilby 1890:56; Chelodina siebenrocki Werner 1901a:60>; Chelodina intergularis Fry 1915:88; Macrochelodina billabong Wells and Wellington 1985:9 (nomen nudum);

Chelodina oblonga juga dikenali sebagai Kura-kura Leher Ular Utara ialah spesies kura-kura dari keluarga Chelidae atau kura-kura leher sisi Austro-Amerika Selatan. Spesies ini mula direkodkan pada 1841 dari spesimen yang diambil semasa ekspedisi melintasi utara Australia. Lokasinya terbatas di Port Essington iaitu wilayah Utara Australia.^[10] Spesies ini disinonimkan dengan beberapa spesies kura-kura,^[9] dengan taburannya meliputi utara Australia, Indonesia dan Pitcairn. Kura-kura ini ialah subkeluarga Pleurodira. Bersifat maging, menjadikan ikan, berudu, anak kura-kura, cacing, dan cengkerik sebagai makanan.

Mereka tidak aggresif dan cenderung melarikan diri berbanding menggigit. Spesies ini bukan sahaja mendiami kawasan air tawar, malah boleh juga ditemui di kawasan air separa masin di selatan New Guinea yang berhampiran pantai. Chelodina oblonga menyembunyikan diri di balik batu, kayu dan menanam dirinya sambil menunggu mangsa (Schnirel, 2008).^{[petikan lengkap diperlukan]}

Dimorfisme Seksual sangat ketara di mana kura-kura betina mempunyai ekor pendek dan tebal.

Sejarah Taksonomi[sunting | sunting sumber]

Haiwan ini mempunyai sejarah taksonomi yang rumit. Pada mulanya dicetuskan oleh John Edward Grey pada tahun 1841^[2] yang kemudiannya disinonimkan (sebagai sinonim senior) dengan Chelodina colliei^[11] Selama beberapa tahun, spesies dari utara dan barat Australia dipercayai hanya mengandungi satu spesies tunggal.^[10]^[12] Pada tahun 1967, spesies ini diasingkan daripada spesies selatan-barat Australia tetapi namanya telah disalahertikan dengan spesies Chelodina seibenrocki. Lapan tahun kemudian, mereka dapati nama Chelodina rugosa telah mengatasi Chelodina seibenrocki dan beberapa tahun kemudian nama ini digunakan untuk spesies ini.^[13] Pada tahun 2000, penemuan holotaip Chelodina oblonga membuktikan ia adalah kura-kura leher ular utara dan sebuah petisyen diadakan bagi mengekalkan nama Chelodina rugosa yang telah sedia ada.^[12] Petisyen dihantar kepada ICZN yang mana menjadikan nama Chelodina oblonga ialah nama yang tepat bagi spesies ini.^[3]

Etimologi[sunting | sunting sumber]

Nama Spesies, siebenrocki, diambil daripada nama ahli herpetologi Austria, Friedrich Siebenrock.^[14]

Galeri[sunting | sunting sumber]

Profil Chelodina oblonga
Anak Chelodina oblonga kurang dari satu tahun
Chelodina oblonga yang dilukis dengan pensel

Rujukan[sunting | sunting sumber]

^ Chelodina oblonga, IUCN Red List
^ ^a ^b ^c Gray, John Edward. (1841). A catalogue of the species of reptiles and amphibia hitherto described as inhabiting Australia, with a description of some new species from Western Australia, and some remarks on their geographical distribution. In: Grey, G. Journals of Two Expeditions of Discovery in Northwest and Western Australia. London: T. and W. Boone, Vol. 2. Appendix E, pp. 422–449.
^ ^a ^b ICZN. (2013). OPINION 2315 (Case 3351) Chelodina rugosa Ogilby, 1890 (currently Macrochelodina rugosa; Reptilia, Testudines): precedence not granted over Chelodina oblonga Gray, 1841. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 70(1):57-60.
^ Ogilby, J.B. (1890). Description of a new Australian tortoise. Records of the Australian Museum 1:56-59.
^ Werner, Franz. (1901). Ueber Reptilien und Batrachier aus Ecuador und Neu-Guinea. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft, Wien 51:593–603.
^ Fry, Dene B. 1915. On a new Chelodina from Australia, with a key to the genus. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland 27(1):88–90.
^ Wells, Richard W. and Wellington, C. Ross. 1985. A classification of the Amphibia and Reptilia of Australia. Australian Journal of Herpetology, Supp. Ser. 1:1–61.
^ Turtle Taxonomy Working Group [van Dijk, P.P., Iverson, J.B., Rhodin, A.G.J., Shaffer, H.B., and Bour, R.]. 2014. Turtles of the world, 7th edition: annotated checklist of taxonomy, synonymy, distribution with maps, and conservation status. In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Pritchard, P.C.H., van Dijk, P.P., Saumure, R.A., Buhlmann, K.A., Iverson, J.B., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.). Conservation Biology of Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises: A Compilation Project of the IUCN/SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group. Chelonian Research Monographs 5(7):000.329–479, doi:10.3854/ crm.5.000.checklist.v7.2014.
^ ^a ^b Georges, A. & Thomson, S. (2010). Diversity of Australasian freshwater turtles, with an annotated synonymy and keys to species. Zootaxa 2496: 1–37.
^ ^a ^b Thomson S. (2000). The identification of the holotype of Chelodina oblonga (Testudines: Chelidae) with a discussion of taxonomic implications. Chelonian Conservation and Biology. 3(4):745-748
^ Boulenger, G.A. 1889. Catalogue of the Chelonians, Rhynchocephalians, and Crocodiles in the British Museum (Natural History) London: Trustees of the Museum, 311pp.
^ ^a ^b Thomson, SA (2006). Chelodina rugosa Ogilby, 1890 (currently Macrochelodina rugosa; Reptilia, Testudines): proposed precedence over Chelodina oblonga Gray, 1841. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 63(3)
^ Cogger, H.G., Cameron, E.E. and Cogger, H.M. (1983). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 1. Amphibia and Reptilia. Australian Government Printing Service, Canberra. 313pp.
^ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Chelodina siebenrocki, p. 243).

Pautan luar[sunting | sunting sumber]

Asian Turtle Trade Working Group (2000). Chelodina siebenrocki^{[pautan mati kekal]}. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 29 July 2007.
Testudines.org catalog project (2015). 'Chelodina oblonga Diarkibkan 2018-05-24 di Wayback Machine. 2016 >Turtles and tortoise Catalog. Diarkibkan 2018-05-11 di Wayback Machine Readed 18 December 2016.
Video of a Northern Snake-necked Turtle in the wild on Youtube

[1] Chelodina oblonga, IUCN Red List

[gray1841-2] Gray, John Edward. (1841). A catalogue of the species of reptiles and amphibia hitherto described as inhabiting Australia, with a description of some new species from Western Australia, and some remarks on their geographical distribution. In: Grey, G. Journals of Two Expeditions of Discovery in Northwest and Western Australia. London: T. and W. Boone, Vol. 2. Appendix E, pp. 422–449.

[op2315-3] ICZN. (2013). OPINION 2315 (Case 3351) Chelodina rugosa Ogilby, 1890 (currently Macrochelodina rugosa; Reptilia, Testudines): precedence not granted over Chelodina oblonga Gray, 1841. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 70(1):57-60.

[ogil90-4] Ogilby, J.B. (1890). Description of a new Australian tortoise. Records of the Australian Museum 1:56-59.

[wern1901-5] Werner, Franz. (1901). Ueber Reptilien und Batrachier aus Ecuador und Neu-Guinea. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft, Wien 51:593–603.

[fry1915-6] Fry, Dene B. 1915. On a new Chelodina from Australia, with a key to the genus. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland 27(1):88–90.

[ww1985-7] Wells, Richard W. and Wellington, C. Ross. 1985. A classification of the Amphibia and Reptilia of Australia. Australian Journal of Herpetology, Supp. Ser. 1:1–61.

[ttwg2014-8] Turtle Taxonomy Working Group [van Dijk, P.P., Iverson, J.B., Rhodin, A.G.J., Shaffer, H.B., and Bour, R.]. 2014. Turtles of the world, 7th edition: annotated checklist of taxonomy, synonymy, distribution with maps, and conservation status. In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Pritchard, P.C.H., van Dijk, P.P., Saumure, R.A., Buhlmann, K.A., Iverson, J.B., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.). Conservation Biology of Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises: A Compilation Project of the IUCN/SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group. Chelonian Research Monographs 5(7):000.329–479, doi:10.3854/ crm.5.000.checklist.v7.2014.

[gt10-9] Georges, A. & Thomson, S. (2010). Diversity of Australasian freshwater turtles, with an annotated synonymy and keys to species. Zootaxa 2496: 1–37.

[SAT2000-10] Thomson S. (2000). The identification of the holotype of Chelodina oblonga (Testudines: Chelidae) with a discussion of taxonomic implications. Chelonian Conservation and Biology. 3(4):745-748

[boul1889-11] Boulenger, G.A. 1889. Catalogue of the Chelonians, Rhynchocephalians, and Crocodiles in the British Museum (Natural History) London: Trustees of the Museum, 311pp.

[thom06-12] Thomson, SA (2006). Chelodina rugosa Ogilby, 1890 (currently Macrochelodina rugosa; Reptilia, Testudines): proposed precedence over Chelodina oblonga Gray, 1841. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 63(3)

[cog1983-13] Cogger, H.G., Cameron, E.E. and Cogger, H.M. (1983). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 1. Amphibia and Reptilia. Australian Government Printing Service, Canberra. 313pp.

[14] Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Chelodina siebenrocki, p. 243).

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