Pilihan raya presiden Amerika Syarikat 2012

Pilihan raya Presiden Amerika Syarikat 2012
538; 270 pengundian untuk menang undian diperlukan untuk menang
Pengundi hadir	54.9% ▼ 3.3%
	Keputusan pilihan raya presiden 2012. Biru menunjukkan negeri yang dimenangi Obama/Biden dan merah menunjukkan negeri yang dimenangi Romney/Ryan. Nombor menunjukkan jumlah undian kolej pilihan raya negeri-negeri dan Daerah Columbia.
Presiden sebelum pilihan raya; Barack Obama; Demokrat	Terpilih ; Barack Obama; Demokrat

Pilihan raya presiden Amerika Syarikat 2012 merupakan pilihan raya presiden ke-57 yang diadakan pada hari Selasa, 6 November 2012. Calon dari parti Demokrat, Presiden Barack Obama, dan pasangannya, Naib Presiden Joe Biden, telah dipilih untuk penggal kedua. Mereka mengalahkan calon dari parti Republikan dan bekas Gabenor Mitt Romney dari Massachusetts dan pasangannya, ahli dewan perwakilan Paul Ryan dari Wisconsin.

Sebagai penyandang presiden, Obama memperoleh pencalonan parti Demokrat tanpa bantahan yang serius. Parti Republikan mengalami persaingan yang sangat sengit dan kompetitif sebelum Romney secara konsisten dan berjaya juga mendapat sokongan ramai pemimpin parti beliau, walaupun dia menghadapi cabaran dari beberapa pesaing yang lebih konservatif. Akhirnya, Romney memenangi pencalonan partinya pada bulan Mei, mengalahkan Rick Santorum, Newt Gingrich, dan calon lain. Kempen ini memberi tumpuan besar kepada isu-isu domestik, dan perbahasan berpusat di sekitar respons yang sangat baik terhadap Kemelesetan Besar. Isu-isu lain termasuk isu-isu bajet jangka panjang persekutuan, masa depan program insurans sosial, dan Akta Penjagaan Terjangkau, program perundangan Obama. Dasar luar negeri juga dibincangkan, termasuk fasa keluar dari Perang Iraq, perbelanjaan ketenteraan, program nuklear Iran, dan tindak balas yang sesuai terhadap keganasan.

Obama mengalahkan Romney, memenangi majoriti undi popular dan Kolej Pemilihan. Obama memenangi 51.1% undi popular berbanding Romney yang 47.2%. Obama adalah penyandang pertama sejak Franklin D. Roosevelt pada tahun 1944 untuk memenangi pemilihan semula dengan undi undi yang lebih sedikit dan peratusan undi popular yang lebih rendah daripada yang telah dimenangi dalam pilihan raya sebelumnya, dan juga merupakan presiden dua penggal pertama sejak Ronald Reagan memenangi kedua-dua pilihan raya presiden dengan majoriti undi popular di seluruh negara. Ini juga merupakan pilihan raya presiden pertama sejak 1944 di mana calon tidak mempunyai pengalaman ketenteraan. Obama tewas di negeri Indiana dan Carolina Utara, namun memenangi seluruh tembok biru / kubu Demokrat serta merampas kerusi negeri Florida dan Ohio yang dimenangi oleh Republikan yang menjadi kubu kuat sejak dari pemilihan tahun 2000 dan 2004.

Keputusan

Undi popular

Obama			51.06%
Romney			47.20%
Johnson			0.99%
Stein			0.36%
Others			0.38%

Undi mengikut kerusi yang dipertandingkan

Obama			61.71%
Romney			38.29%

Analisa keputusan

Negeri / daerah yang dimenangi oleh Obama/Biden
Negeri / daerah yang dimenangi oleh Romney/Ryan

	Barack Obama Demokrat			Mitt Romney Republikan			Gary Johnson Libertarian			Jill Stein Green			Lain-lain			Margin		Jumlah
Negeri atau Daerah	#	%	Undi	#	%	Undi	#	%	Undi	#	%	Undi	#	%	Undi	#	%	#
Alabama	795,696	38.36%	–	1,255,925	60.55%	9	12,328	0.59%	–	3,397	0.16%	–	6,992	0.34%	–	−460,229	−22.19%	2,074,338	AL
Alaska	122,640	40.81%	–	164,676	54.80%	3	7,392	2.46%	–	2,917	0.97%	–	2,870	0.96%	–	−42,036	−13.99%	300,495	AK
Arizona	1,025,232	44.59%	–	1,233,654	53.65%	11	32,100	1.40%	–	7,816	0.34%	–	452	0.02%	–	−208,422	−9.06%	2,299,254	AZ
Arkansas	394,409	36.88%	–	647,744	60.57%	6	16,276	1.52%	–	9,305	0.87%	–	1,734	0.16%	–	−253,335	−23.69%	1,069,468	AR
California	7,854,285	60.24%	55	4,839,958	37.12%	–	143,221	1.10%	–	85,638	0.66%	–	115,445	0.89%	–	3,014,327	23.12%	13,038,547	CA
Colorado	1,323,101	51.49%	9	1,185,243	46.13%	–	35,545	1.38%	–	7,508	0.29%	–	18,121	0.71%	–	137,858	5.37%	2,569,518	CO
Connecticut	905,083	58.06%	7	634,892	40.73%	–	12,580	0.81%	–	863	0.06%	–	5,542	0.36%	–	270,191	17.33%	1,558,960	CT
Delaware	242,584	58.61%	3	165,484	39.98%	–	3,882	0.94%	–	1,940	0.47%	–	31	0.01%	–	77,100	18.63%	413,921	DE
Daerah ColumbiaDaerah Columbia	267,070	90.91%	3	21,381	7.28%	–	2,083	0.71%	–	2,458	0.84%	–	772	0.26%	–	245,689	83.63%	293,764	DC
Florida	4,237,756	50.01%	29	4,163,447	49.13%	–	44,726	0.53%	–	8,947	0.11%	–	19,303	0.23%	–	74,309	0.88%	8,474,179	FL
Georgia	1,773,827	45.48%	–	2,078,688	53.30%	16	45,324	1.16%	–	1,516	0.04%	–	695	0.02%	–	−304,861	−7.82%	3,900,050	GA
Hawaii	306,658	70.55%	4	121,015	27.84%	–	3,840	0.88%	–	3,184	0.73%	–	–	–	–	185,643	42.71%	434,697	HI
Idaho	212,787	32.62%	–	420,911	64.53%	4	9,453	1.45%	–	4,402	0.67%	–	4,721	0.72%	–	−208,124	−31.91%	652,274	ID
Illinois	3,019,512	57.60%	20	2,135,216	40.73%	–	56,229	1.07%	–	30,222	0.58%	–	835	0.02%	–	884,296	16.87%	5,242,014	IL
Indiana	1,152,887	43.93%	–	1,420,543	54.13%	11	50,111	1.91%	–	625	0.02%	–	368	0.01%	–	−267,656	−10.20%	2,624,534	IN
Iowa	822,544	51.99%	6	730,617	46.18%	–	12,926	0.82%	–	3,769	0.24%	–	12,324	0.78%	–	91,927	5.81%	1,582,180	IA
Kansas	440,726	37.99%	–	692,634	59.71%	6	20,456	1.76%	–	714	0.06%	–	5,441	0.47%	–	−251,908	−21.72%	1,159,971	KS
Kentucky	679,370	37.80%	–	1,087,190	60.49%	8	17,063	0.95%	–	6,337	0.35%	–	7,252	0.40%	–	−407,820	−22.69%	1,797,212	KY
Louisiana	809,141	40.58%	–	1,152,262	57.78%	8	18,157	0.91%	–	6,978	0.35%	–	7,527	0.38%	–	−343,121	−17.21%	1,994,065	LA
Maine^★	401,306	56.27%	4	292,276	40.98%	–	9,352	1.31%	–	8,119	1.14%	–	2,127	0.30%	–	109,030	15.29%	713,180	ME–a/l
Maryland	1,677,844	61.97%	10	971,869	35.90%	–	30,195	1.12%	–	17,110	0.63%	–	10,309	0.38%	–	705,975	26.08%	2,707,327	MD
Massachusetts	1,921,290	60.65%	11	1,188,314	37.51%	–	30,920	0.98%	–	20,691	0.65%	–	6,552	0.21%	–	732,976	23.14%	3,167,767	MA
Michigan	2,564,569	54.21%	16	2,115,256	44.71%	–	7,774	0.16%	–	21,897	0.46%	–	21,465	0.45%	–	449,313	9.50%	4,730,961	MI
Minnesota	1,546,167	52.65%	10	1,320,225	44.96%	–	35,098	1.20%	–	13,023	0.44%	–	22,048	0.75%	–	225,942	7.69%	2,936,561	MN
Mississippi	562,949	43.79%	–	710,746	55.29%	6	6,676	0.52%	–	1,588	0.12%	–	3,625	0.28%	–	−147,797	−11.50%	1,285,584	MS
Missouri	1,223,796	44.38%	–	1,482,440	53.76%	10	43,151	1.56%	–	–	–	–	7,936	0.29%	–	−258,644	−9.38%	2,757,323	MO
Montana	201,839	41.70%	–	267,928	55.35%	3	14,165	2.93%	–	–	–	–	116	0.02%	–	−66,089	−13.65%	484,048	MT
Nebraska^★	302,081	38.03%	–	475,064	59.80%	5	11,109	1.40%	–	–	–	–	6,125	0.77%	–	−172,983	−21.78%	794,379	NE–a/l
Nevada	531,373	52.36%	6	463,567	45.68%	–	10,968	1.08%	–	–	–	–	9,010	0.89%	–	67,806	6.68%	1,014,918	NV
New Hampshire	369,561	51.98%	4	329,918	46.40%	–	8,212	1.16%	–	324	0.05%	–	2,957	0.42%	–	39,643	5.58%	710,972	NH
New Jersey^[2]	2,125,101	58.38%	14	1,477,568	40.59%	–	21,045	0.58%	–	9,888	0.27%	–	6,690	0.18%	–	647,533	17.81%	3,640,292	NJ
New Mexico	415,335	52.99%	5	335,788	42.84%	–	27,788	3.55%	–	2,691	0.34%	–	2,156	0.28%	–	79,547	10.15%	783,758	NM
New York^[3]	4,485,741	63.35%	29	2,490,431	35.17%	–	47,256	0.67%	–	39,982	0.56%	–	17,749	0.25%	–	1,995,310	28.18%	7,081,159	NY
North Carolina	2,178,391	48.35%	–	2,270,395	50.39%	15	44,515	0.99%	–	–	–	–	12,071	0.27%	–	−92,004	−2.04%	4,505,372	NC
North Dakota	124,827	38.69%	–	188,163	58.32%	3	5,231	1.62%	–	1,361	0.42%	–	3,045	0.94%	–	−63,336	−19.63%	322,627	ND
Ohio^[4]	2,827,709	50.67%	18	2,661,437	47.69%	–	49,493	0.89%	–	18,573	0.33%	–	23,635	0.42%	–	166,272	2.98%	5,580,847	OH
Oklahoma	443,547	33.23%	–	891,325	66.77%	7	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	−447,778	−33.54%	1,334,872	OK
Oregon	970,488	54.24%	7	754,175	42.15%	–	24,089	1.35%	–	19,427	1.09%	–	21,091	1.18%	–	216,313	12.09%	1,789,270	OR
Pennsylvania	2,990,274	51.97%	20	2,680,434	46.59%	–	49,991	0.87%	–	21,341	0.37%	–	11,630	0.20%	–	309,840	5.39%	5,753,670	PA
Rhode Island	279,677	62.70%	4	157,204	35.24%	–	4,388	0.98%	–	2,421	0.54%	–	2,359	0.53%	–	122,473	27.46%	446,049	RI
South Carolina	865,941	44.09%	–	1,071,645	54.56%	9	16,321	0.83%	–	5,446	0.28%	–	4,765	0.24%	–	−205,704	−10.47%	1,964,118	SC
South Dakota	145,039	39.87%	–	210,610	57.89%	3	5,795	1.59%	–	–	–	–	2,371	0.65%	–	−65,571	−18.02%	363,815	SD
Tennessee	960,709	39.08%	–	1,462,330	59.48%	11	18,623	0.76%	–	6,515	0.26%	–	10,400	0.42%	–	−501,621	−20.40%	2,458,577	TN
Texas	3,308,124	41.38%	–	4,569,843	57.17%	38	88,580	1.11%	–	24,657	0.31%	–	2,647	0.03%	–	−1,261,719	−15.78%	7,993,851	TX
Utah	251,813	24.75%	–	740,600	72.79%	6	12,572	1.24%	–	3,817	0.38%	–	8,638	0.85%	–	−488,787	−48.04%	1,017,440	UT
Vermont	199,239	66.57%	3	92,698	30.97%	–	3,487	1.17%	–	594	0.20%	–	3,272	1.09%	–	106,541	35.60%	299,290	VT
Virginia	1,971,820	51.16%	13	1,822,522	47.28%	–	31,216	0.81%	–	8,627	0.22%	–	20,304	0.53%	–	149,298	3.87%	3,854,489	VA
Washington	1,755,396	56.16%	12	1,290,670	41.29%	–	42,202	1.35%	–	20,928	0.67%	–	16,320	0.52%	–	464,726	14.87%	3,125,516	WA
West Virginia	238,269	35.54%	–	417,655	62.30%	5	6,302	0.94%	–	4,406	0.66%	–	3,806	0.57%	–	−179,386	−26.76%	670,438	WV
Wisconsin^[5]	1,620,985	52.83%	10	1,407,966	45.89%	–	20,439	0.67%	–	7,665	0.25%	–	11,379	0.37%	–	213,019	6.94%	3,068,434	WI
Wyoming	69,286	27.82%	–	170,962	68.64%	3	5,326	2.14%	–	–	–	–	3,487	1.40%	–	−101,676	−40.82%	249,061	WY
Jumlah keseluruhan	65,915,795	51.06%	332	60,933,504	47.20%	206	1,275,971	0.99%	–	469,627	0.36%	–	490,510	0.38%	–	4,982,291	3.86%	129,085,410	US

Keputusan bagi daerah di Maine dan Nebraska

^[6]^[7]

Daerah	Obama	%	Romney	%	Johnson	%	Stein	%	Terry	%	Margin	%	Jumlah
Kongres daerah Maine pertama	223,035	59.57%	142,937	38.18%	4,501	1.20%	3,946	1.05%	–	–	80,098	21.39%	374,419
Kongres daerah Maine kedua	177,998	52.94%	149,215	44.38%	4,843	1.44%	4,170	1.24%	–	–	28,783	8.56%	336,226
Kongres daerah Nebraska pertama	108,082	40.83%	152,021	57.43%	3,847	1.45%	–	–	762	0.29%	−43,939	−16.60%	264,712
Kongres daerah Nebraska kedua	121,889	45.70%	140,976	52.85%	3,393	1.27%	–	–	469	0.18%	−19,087	−7.16%	266,727
Kongres daerah Nebraska ketiga	72,110	27.82%	182,067	70.24%	3,869	1.49%	–	–	1,177	0.45%	−109,957	−42.42%	259,223

Rujukan

↑ "Federal Elections 2012: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate and the U.S. House of Representatives" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. m/s. 5. Dicapai pada 7 Disember 2015.
↑ "2012 Election Information". Dicapai pada February 25, 2013.
↑ "NYS Board of Elections President and Vice-President Election Returns Nov. 6, 2012" (PDF). Dicapai pada May 2, 2013.
↑ "Final Results". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada Julai 29, 2013. Dicapai pada Februari 25, 2013.
↑ "Wisconsin Fall 2012 General Election Results". Dicapai pada January 18, 2013.
↑ "State of Maine Certificate of Ascertainment of Electors" (PDF). Dicapai pada December 18, 2012.
↑ "Official Results of Nebraska General Election – November 6, 2012" (PDF). Dicapai pada December 26, 2012.

Pautan luar

Ketahui lebih lanjut tentang 2012 U.S. presidential election di Wikipedia:
	Maklumat dari Wikidata
	Imej dan media dari Commons
	Berita dari Wikiberita

[1] "Federal Elections 2012: Election Results for the U.S. President, the U.S. Senate and the U.S. House of Representatives" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. m/s. 5. Dicapai pada 7 Disember 2015.

[newjersey-2] "2012 Election Information". Dicapai pada February 25, 2013.

[newyork-3] "NYS Board of Elections President and Vice-President Election Returns Nov. 6, 2012" (PDF). Dicapai pada May 2, 2013.

[ohio-4] "Final Results". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada Julai 29, 2013. Dicapai pada Februari 25, 2013.

[wisconsin-5] "Wisconsin Fall 2012 General Election Results". Dicapai pada January 18, 2013.

[6] "State of Maine Certificate of Ascertainment of Electors" (PDF). Dicapai pada December 18, 2012.

[nebraska-7] "Official Results of Nebraska General Election – November 6, 2012" (PDF). Dicapai pada December 26, 2012.

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