Major League Baseball

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Major League Baseball
Musim terkini Musim Major League Baseball 2010
Major League Baseball
Sukan Besbol
Mula dianjurkan 1869
Pesuruhjaya Bud Selig [1]
Bil. pasukan 30 [2]
Negara Bendera Amerika Syarikat Amerika Syarikat
Bendera Kanada Kanada
Juara semasa New York Yankees
Kejuaraan terbanyak New York Yankees (27) [3]
Penyiar televisyen Fox, ESPN, TBS, MLB Network
Laman web rasmi MLB.com

Major League Baseball (MLB) ("Liga Besar Besbol" dalam bahasa Inggeris) merupakan liga profesional utama di Amerika Utara. MLB terdiri daripada dua subliga: National League (Liga Negara) serta American League (Liga Amerika) yang terdiri daripada 30 pasukan (29 di Amerika Syarikat dan satu di Kanada).

Musim MLB biasanya bermula pada hari Ahad terakhir bulan April dan berakhir pada hari Ahad pertama bulan Oktober. Setiap pasukan mempunyai 162 perlawanan antara pasukan subliga sendiri serta pasukan luar subliga dalam satu musim. Pascamusim, iaitu peringkat kalah mati, bermula pada Oktober dan berakhir pada November. Peringkat pascamusum melibatkan pasukan-pasukan dalam bahagian sendiri. Peringkat akhir MLB ialah World Series ("Siri Sedunia") yang menentukan juara MLB bagi musim tersebut. World Series dimainkan antara juara National League dan juara American League.

Isi kandungan

[sunting] Jadual

Musim MLB terdiri daripada latihan musim bunga (pramusim), musim tetap, perlawanan bintag-bintang terkemuka (All-Star Game) serta peringkat kalah mati (Playoffs) termasuk World Series ("Siri Sedunia").

[sunting] Latihan musim bunga

Sebelum musim tetap bermula, pasukan-pasukan akan melatih serta mengadakan beberapa perlawanan persahabatan. Pemain-pemain menggunakan tempoh masa ini bersaing untuk kedudukan dalam pasukan. Perlawanan-perlawanan biasanya diadakan di tempat cuaca panas. Tempoh latihan musim bunga adalah kira-kira dua bulan.

[sunting] Perlawanan bintang-bintang

Perlawanan bintang-bintang terkemuka diadakan pada awal Julai, kira-kira tengah musim. Perlawanan ini dimainkan antara pasukan pemain National League dengan pasukan American League. Subliga yang memenangi perlawanan ini memperoleh hak wakilnya dalam World Series menjadi tuan rumah bagi empat perlawanan (per tujuh).

[sunting] Pasukan

Bahagian Pasukan Bandar raya Stadium Ditubuhkan Menyertai Nota
American League
Timur Baltimore Orioles 1 Baltimore, MD 1 Oriole Park at Camden Yards 1894 1901 [4]
Boston Red Sox 2 Boston, MA Fenway Park 1901 [5]
New York Yankees 3 New York City, NY 3 Yankee Stadium 1901 [6]
Tampa Bay Rays 4 St. Petersburg, FL Tropicana Field 1998 [7]
Toronto Blue Jays Toronto, ON Rogers Centre 1977 [8]
Tengah a Chicago White Sox 5 Chicago, IL U.S. Cellular Field 1894 1901 [9]
Cleveland Indians 6 Cleveland, OH Progressive Field 1894 1901 [10]
Detroit Tigers Detroit, MI Comerica Park 1894 1901 [11]
Kansas City Royals Kansas City, MO Kauffman Stadium 1969 [12]
Minnesota Twins 7 Minneapolis, MN 7 Target Field 1894 1901 [13]
[14]
Barat Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim 8 Anaheim, CA Angel Stadium of Anaheim ‡ 1961 [15]
Oakland Athletics Oakland, CA 9 Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum 1901 [16]
Seattle Mariners Seattle, WA Safeco Field 1977 [17]
Texas Rangers 10 Arlington, TX 10 Rangers Ballpark in Arlington 1961 [18]
National League
Timur Atlanta Braves 11 Atlanta, GA 11 Turner Field 1871 1876 [19]
Florida Marlins 12 Miami Gardens, FL Sun Life Stadium 18 1993 [20]
New York Mets New York City, NY Citi Field 1962 [21]
Philadelphia Phillies Philadelphia, PA Citizens Bank Park 1883 [22]
Washington Nationals 13 Washington, D.C. 13 Nationals Park 1969 [23]
Tengah b Chicago Cubs Chicago, IL Wrigley Field 1870 1876 [24]
Cincinnati Reds Cincinnati, OH Great American Ball Park 1869 1890 [25]
Houston Astros 14 Houston, TX Minute Maid Park 1962 [26]
Milwaukee Brewers 15 Milwaukee, WI 15 Miller Park 1969 [AL] 1998 [NL] [27]
Pittsburgh Pirates Pittsburgh, PA PNC Park 1882 1887 [28]
St. Louis Cardinals St. Louis, MO Busch Stadium 1882 1892 [29]
Barat Arizona Diamondbacks Phoenix, AZ Chase Field † 1998 [30]
Colorado Rockies Denver, CO Coors Field 1993 [31]
Los Angeles Dodgers 16 Los Angeles, CA 16 Dodger Stadium 1883 1890 [32]
San Diego Padres San Diego, CA Petco Park 1969 [33]
San Francisco Giants San Francisco, CA 17 AT&T Park 1883 [34]


[sunting] Rujukan

  1. ↑ "Selig Given 3-Year Contract Extension". rpl.edu. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/n/a/2008/01/17/sports/s105517S11.DTL. Capaian 2008-09-08. 
  2. ↑ "Team-by-team information". mlb.com. http://mlb.mlb.com/team/index.jsp. Capaian 2008-09-08. 
  3. ↑ "World Series Winners". ESPN. http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/alltime/worldseries. Capaian 2008-07-27. 
  4. ↑ "Oriole Park at Camden Yards". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/american/oriole.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  5. ↑ "Fenway Park". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/american/fenway.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  6. ↑ "Yankee Stadium". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/american/nyybpk.htm. Capaian 2008-12-03. 
  7. ↑ "Tropicana Field". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/american/tropic.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  8. ↑ "Rogers Centre". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/american/skydom.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  9. ↑ "U.S. Cellular Field". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/american/comis2.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  10. ↑ "Progressive Field". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/american/jacobs.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  11. ↑ "Comerica Park". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/american/detbpk.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  12. ↑ "Kauffman Stadium". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/american/kauffm.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  13. ↑ "Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/american/metrod.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  14. ↑ "Target Field". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/american/minbpk.htm. Capaian 2009-10-12. 
  15. ↑ "Angel Stadium of Anaheim". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/american/anahei.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  16. ↑ "McAfee Coliseum". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/american/oaklan.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  17. ↑ "Safeco Field". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/american/seabpk.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  18. ↑ "Rangers Ballpark in Arlington". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/american/bpkarl.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  19. ↑ "Turner Field". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/national/turner.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  20. ↑ "Dolphin Stadium". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/national/propla.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  21. ↑ Citi Field, ballparks.com, retrieved on November 2, 2008.
  22. ↑ "Citizens Bank Park". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/national/phibpk.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  23. ↑ "Nationals Park". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/national/wasbpk.htm. Capaian 2008-12-03. 
  24. ↑ "Wrigley Field". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/national/wrigle.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  25. ↑ "Great American Ball Park". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/national/cinbpk.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  26. ↑ "Minute Maid Park". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/national/bpkaus.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  27. ↑ "Miller Park". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/national/miller.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  28. ↑ "PNC Park". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/national/pitbpk.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  29. ↑ "Busch Stadium". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/national/stlbpk.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  30. ↑ "Chase Field". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/national/bk1bpk.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  31. ↑ "Coors Field". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/national/coorsf.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  32. ↑ "Dodger Stadium". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/national/dodger.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  33. ↑ "Petco Park". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/national/sdobpk.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
  34. ↑ "AT&T Park". ballparks.com. http://www.ballparks.com/baseball/national/pacbel.htm. Capaian 2008-09-04. 
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