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Alan Brooke, Viscount Alanbrooke Pertama

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"Alan Brooke" dilencongkan ke sini. Untuk Bangsawan British, sila lihat Alan Brooke, Viscount Alanbrooke Ke-3. Untuk Bangsawan Ireland Utara, sila lihat Alan Brooke, Viscount Brookeborough Ke-3.
Viscount Alanbrooke
Jeneral Sir Alan Brooke di mejanya di Pejabat Perang, London, pada 1942.
Nama lahirAlan Francis Brooke
Nama samaran"Brookie"[1]
"Colonel Shrapnel"[2]
Kelahiran(1883-07-23)23 Julai 1883
Bagnères-de-Bigorre, Perancis
Meninggal dunia17 Jun 1963(1963-06-17) (umur 79)
Hartley Wintney, Hampshire, England
DisemadikanPerkuburan gereja St Mary, Hartley Wintney, Hampshire, England
KesetiaanUnited Kingdom
PerkhidmatanTentera Darat British
Tahun perkhidmatan1902–1946
PangkatFil Marsyal
Jumlah perkhidmatan6439
UnitArtileri Diraja
ArahanKetua Turus Am Imperial (1941–1946)
Tentera Simpanan (1940–1941)
Kor II (1939–1940)
Markas Selatan (1939)
Divisyen Mobail (1937)
Briged Ke-8 Infantri (1934–1935)
Maktab Artileri (1929–1932)
PertempuranPerang Dunia I
Perang Dunia II
AnugerahKnight of the Order of the Garter
Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
Member of the Order of Merit
Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order
Distinguished Service Order & Bar
Dipuji dalam Perutusan
Lihat bawah
Tugas lain

Fil Marsyal Alan Francis Brooke, Viscount Alanbrooke Pertama, KG, GCB, OM, GCVO, DSO & Bar (23 Julai 1883 – 17 Jun 1963), adalah seorang pegawai kanan Tentera Darat British. Beliau adalah Ketua Turus Am Imperial (CIGS), iaitu ketua profesional Tentera Darat British, semasa Perang Dunia II, dan telah dinaikkan pangkat ke Fil Marsyal pada 1944. Selaku pengerusi Jawatankuasa Ketua Turus, Brooke merupakan penasihat ketenteraan utama kepada Winston Churchill, iaitu Perdana Menteri British, dan menyelaras usaha perang British sehingga Pihak Bersekutu menang pada 1945. Selepas bersara dari Tentera Darat British, beliau menjadi Lord Konstabel England sewaktu Hari Pertabalan Ratu Elizabeth II pada 1953. Diari-diari perangnya menarik perhatian orang ramai terhadap kritikannya ke atas Churchill dan terhadap pandangan tajam Brooke ke atas tokoh-tokoh utama perang yang lain.

Darjah kebesaran

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United Kingdom

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Brooke telah dijadikan Baron Alanbrooke, dari Brookeborough di Daerah Fermanagh, pada 1945,[4] dan Viscount Alanbrooke pada 1946.[5][6] Anugerah lain termasuklah:

Beliau juga berkhidmat sebagai Canselor Universiti Queen Belfast dari tahun 1949 hingga kematiannya. Di Hari Pertabalan Queen Elizabeth II beliau telah dilantik Lord High Konstabel England, yang memerintah seluruh pasukan tentera yang mengambil bahagian dalam upacara itu.[28] Pada 1993, sebuah patung Field Marshal Lord Alanbrooke telah didirikan di hadapan Kementerian Pertahanan di Whitehall di London. Patung ini telah di apit oleh dua patung panglima terkemuka lain Britain dalam Perang Dunia II, iaitu Viscount Slim dan Viscount Montgomery.

Darjah kebesaran asing

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Lambang jata

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His coat of arms as issued to him by the College of Arms is: "Or, a cross engrailed per pale Gules and Sable, in dexter chief a crescent for difference."

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Watak Brooke telah dilakonkan dalam drama televisyen Churchill and the Generals oleh Eric Porter[36] dan dalam filem Churchill oleh Danny Webb.[37]

Rujukan

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  1. ^ Fraser (1982), p.87.
  2. ^ Alanbrooke (2001), Introduction, p. xv
  3. ^ a b "No. 40557". The London Gazette. 9 August 1955. m/s. 4559.
  4. ^ "No. 37315". The London Gazette. 19 October 1945. m/s. 5133.
  5. ^ "No. 37407". The London Gazette. 28 December 1945. m/s. 1.
  6. ^ "No. 37461". The London Gazette. 8 February 1946. m/s. 864.
  7. ^ "No. 37807". The London Gazette (Supplement). 3 December 1946. m/s. 5945.
  8. ^ "No. 35793". The London Gazette. 20 November 1942. m/s. 5057.
  9. ^ Galloway (2006), p 433.
  10. ^ "No. 34873". The London Gazette. 14 June 1940. m/s. 3608.
  11. ^ "No. 34365". The London Gazette (Supplement). 29 January 1937. m/s. 690.
  12. ^ "No. 37598". The London Gazette (Supplement). 4 June 1946. m/s. 2759.
  13. ^ "No. 39863". The London Gazette (Supplement). 26 May 1953. m/s. 2946.
  14. ^ "No. 29886". The London Gazette (Supplement). 29 December 1916. m/s. 20.
  15. ^ "No. 30563". The London Gazette (Supplement). 5 March 1918. m/s. 2973.
  16. ^ "No. 36309". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 December 1943. m/s. 42.
  17. ^ "No. 37673". The London Gazette (Supplement). 30 July 1946. m/s. 3927.
  18. ^ "No. 39347". The London Gazette (Supplement). 28 September 1951. m/s. 5112.
  19. ^ "No. 37725". The London Gazette (Supplement). 13 September 1946. m/s. 4628.
  20. ^ "No. 40265". The London Gazette (Supplement). 27 August 1954. m/s. 5006.
  21. ^ "No. 37803". The London Gazette (Supplement). 29 November 1946. m/s. 5893.
  22. ^ "No. 40937". The London Gazette (Supplement). 27 November 1956. m/s. 6775.
  23. ^ "No. 38997". The London Gazette. 18 August 1950. m/s. 4207.
  24. ^ "No. 41034". The London Gazette (Supplement). 27 March 1957. m/s. 1944.
  25. ^ "No. 38974". The London Gazette. 21 July 1950. m/s. 3751.
  26. ^ "No. 39008". The London Gazette. 1 September 1950. m/s. 4432.
  27. ^ "No. 41055". The London Gazette. 26 April 1957. m/s. 2520.
  28. ^ "No. 40020". The London Gazette (Supplement). 17 November 1953. m/s. 6230.
  29. ^ "No. 36200". The London Gazette (Supplement). 5 October 1943. m/s. 4441.
  30. ^ "No. 36398". The London Gazette (Supplement). 25 February 1944. m/s. 985.
  31. ^ a b "No. 37761". The London Gazette (Supplement). 15 October 1946. m/s. 5140.
  32. ^ "No. 37761". The London Gazette (Supplement). 15 October 1946. m/s. 5144.
  33. ^ "No. 38288". The London Gazette (Supplement). 11 May 1948. m/s. 2921.
  34. ^ "No. 30631". The London Gazette (Supplement). 12 April 1918. m/s. 4523.
  35. ^ "Cidadãos Estrangeiros Agraciados com Ordens Portuguesas". Página Oficial das Ordens Honoríficas Portuguesas. Dicapai pada 3 August 2017.
  36. ^ "Churchill and the Generals". IMDb.com database. Dicapai pada 8 August 2013.
  37. ^ "Churchill (2017)". IMDb.com database. Dicapai pada 16 March 2019.

Bacaan lanjut

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  • Alanbrooke, Field Marshal Lord (2001). Danchev, Alex; Todman, Daniel (penyunting). War Diaries 1939–1945. Phoenix Press. ISBN 1-84212-526-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Brooke, Alan (1940). Operations of the British Expeditionary Force, France from 12th June to 19th June 1940.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) Alanbrooke's Official Despatch published in "No. 37573". The London Gazette (Supplement). 21 May 1946. m/s. 2433–2439.
  • Bryant, Arthur. (1957) The turn of the tide; a history of the war years based on the diaries of Field-Marshal Lord Alanbrooke, chief of the Imperial General Staff online free to borrow; Triumph in the west; a history of the war years based on the diaries of Field-Marshal Lord Alanbrooke, chief of the Imperial General Staff (1959) online free to borrow
    • These two books have been attacked as "travesties," "tendentious and mendacious" by A, Danchev and D. Todman. "The Alanbrooke Diaries." Archives-London-British Records Association 27 (2002): 57-74.
  • Caddick-Adams, Peter (2012). Monty and Rommel: Parallel Lives. Arrow.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Dear, I.C.B.; Foot, M.R.D., penyunting (2005) [1995]. The Oxford Companion to World War II. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-280666-1.
  • Fraser, David (1982). Alanbrooke. Atheneum New York. ISBN 0-689-11267-X.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) online free to borrow
  • Galloway, Peter (2006). The Order of the Bath.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Hastings, Max (2005). Armageddon. The battle for Germany 1944–45. Pan Macmillan. ISBN 0-330-49062-1.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Hastings, Max (2009). Finest years, Churchill as Warlord 1940–45. Harper Press. ISBN 978-0-00-726367-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Heathcote, Tony (1999). The British Field Marshals 1736–1997. Pen & Sword Books Ltd. ISBN 0-85052-696-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Hart, BH Liddell. "Western War Strategy: A Critical Analysis of the Alanbrooke Diaries." Royal United Services Institution. Journal vol 105 #617 (1960): 52-61.
  • Mead, Richard (2007). Churchill's Lions: A biographical guide to the key British generals of World War II. Stroud (UK): Spellmount. ISBN 978-1-86227-431-0.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Reynolds, David (2005). In Command of History, Churchill Fighting and Writing the Second World War. Penguin Books. ISBN 0-14-101964-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Roberts, Andrew (2004). Hitler and Churchill: Secrets of Leadership. Phoenix. ISBN 0-7538-1778-0.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Roberts, Andrew (2008). Masters and Commanders. How Roosevelt, Churchill, Marshall and Alanbrooke won the war in the west. Allen Lane. ISBN 978-0-7139-9969-3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) (pb 2009) Online free to borrow
  • Smith, Greg. "British Strategic Culture And General Sir Alan Brooke During World War II" Canadian Military Journal (2017) 1: 32-44. Online free

Pautan luar

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Pegawai tentera
Gelaran baharu Panglima Divisyen Mobile
1937–1938 		Diikuti oleh:
Roger Evans
Panglima Markas Anti-Pesawat
April – Julai 1939 		Diikuti oleh:
Sir Frederick Pile
Didahului oleh
Sir Archibald Wavell 		Panglima Markas Selatan
Julai – Ogos 1939 		Diikuti oleh:
Sir Bertie Fisher
Panglima Kor II
1939–1940 		Diikuti oleh:
Bernard Montgomery
Didahului oleh
Sir Bertie Fisher 		Panglima Markas Selatan
Jun – Julai 1940 		Diikuti oleh:
Sir Claude Auchinleck
Didahului oleh
Sir Edmund Ironside 		Panglima Tertinggi, Tentera Simpanan
1940–1941 		Diikuti oleh:
Sir Bernard Paget
Didahului oleh
Sir John Dill 		Ketua Turus Am Imperial
1941–1946 		Diikuti oleh:
Viscount Montgomery dari Alamein
Gelaran Kehormat
Didahului oleh
Lord Milne 		Master Gunner, St. James's Park
1946–1956 		Diikuti oleh:
Sir Cameron Nicholson
Didahului oleh
Viscount Gort 		Kolonel Komandan dan Presiden, Kompeni Artileri Kehormat
1946–1954 		Diikuti oleh:
Sir Julian Gascoigne
Didahului oleh
Earl Wavell 		Konstabel Menara London
1950–1955 		Diikuti oleh:
Lord Wilson
Lord Leftenan Daerah London
1950–1956 		Diikuti oleh:
Earl Alexander dari Tunis
Jawatan akademik
Didahului oleh
Marquess Londonderry 		Canselor Universiti Queen Belfast
1949–1963 		Diikuti oleh:
Sir Tyrone Guthrie
Bangsawan United Kingdom
Ciptaan baharu Viscount Alanbrooke
1946–1963 		Diikuti oleh:
Thomas Brooke
Baron Alanbrooke
1945–1963
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