Vokal tak bundar depan sempit
Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas.
| Depan | Hampir depan | Pusat | Hampir belakang | Belakang | |
| Sempit | |||||
| Hampir sempit | |||||
| Separuh sempit | |||||
| Tengah | |||||
| Separuh luas | |||||
| Hampir luas | |||||
| Luas | |||||
Bagi aksara berpasangan, aksara kanan adalah vokal bundar.
Kepanjangan vokal ditanda dengan membubuh tanda ː
Kepanjangan vokal ditanda dengan membubuh tanda ː
| IPA – nombor | 301 |
| IPA – teks | i |
| IPA – imej | |
| Entiti | i |
| X-SAMPA | i |
| Kirshenbaum | i |
| Contoh bunyi | |
Vokal tak bundar depan sempit ialah sejenis bunyi vokal yang terdapat dalam kebanyakan bahasa lisan, dilambangkan oleh aksara i dalam Abjad Fonetik Antarabangsa (IPA), dan i dalam X-SAMPA.
Dalam bahasa Melayu, vokal tak bundar depan sempit dilambangkan oleh huruf i, contohnya: ibu, bintang, hari.
Isi kandungan |
Ciri-ciri [sunting]
- Ketinggian vokalnya adalah sempit, iaitu lidah terletak dekat sekali dengan lelangit tanpa menyebabkan penjerutan yang sebaliknya menghasilkan konsonan.
- Kebelakangan vokalnya adalah depan, iaitu lidah terletak di depan sekali dalam mulut tanpa menyebabkan penjerutan yang sebaliknya menghasilkan konsonan.
- Vokal ini adalah tidak bundar, iaitu bibir dihamparkan.
Penggunaan [sunting]
Rujukan [sunting]
- ↑ Gussenhoven (1992:47)
- ↑ Iivonen & Harnud (2005:60, 66)
- ↑ Shosted & Chikovani (2006:261-262)
- ↑ Szende (1994:92)
- ↑ Roach (2004:240)
- ↑ Rogers & d'Arcangeli (2004:119)
- ↑ Okada (1991:94)
- ↑ Iivonen & Harnud (2005:62, 66-67)
- ↑ Fougeron & Smith (1993:73)
- ↑ Jassem (2003:105)
- ↑ Cruz-Ferreira (1995:91)
- ↑ Jones & Ward (1969:30)
- ↑ Martínez-Celdrán, Fernández-Planas & Carrera-Sabaté (2003:256)
- ↑ Rood & Taylor (1996)
- ↑ Lakota Language Consortium (2004). Lakota letters and sounds.
- ↑ Tingsabadh & Abramson (1993:24)
- ↑ Iivonen & Harnud (2005:64, 68)
- ↑ Merrill (2008:109)
Bibliografi [sunting]
- Carbonell, Joan F.; Llisterri, Joaquim (1992), "Catalan", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 22 (1-2): 53–56, ISSN 0025-1003
- Cruz-Ferreira, Madalena (1995), "European Portuguese", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 25 (2): 90–94, ISSN 0025-1003
- Fougeron, Cecile; Smith, Caroline L (1993), "Illustrations of the IPA:French", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 23 (2): 73–76, ISSN 0025-1003
- Gussenhoven, Carlos (1992), "Dutch", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 22 (2): 45–47, ISSN 0025-1003
- Iivonen, Antti; Harnud, Huhe (2005), "Acoustical comparison of the monophthong systems in Finnish, Mongolian and Udmurt", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 35 (1): 59–71, ISSN 0025-1003
- Jassem, Wiktor (2003), "Polish", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 33 (1): 103–107, ISSN 0025-1003
- Jones, Daniel; Dennis, Ward (1969). The Phonetics of Russian. Cambridge University Press.
- Martínez-Celdrán, Eugenio; Fernández-Planas, Ana Ma.; Carrera-Sabaté, Josefina (2003), "Castilian Spanish", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 33 (2): 255–259, ISSN 0025-1003
- Merrill, Elizabeth (2008), "Tilquipan Zapotec", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 38 (1): 107–114, ISSN 0025-1003
- Okada, Hideo (1991), "Japanese", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 21 (2): 94–96, ISSN 0025-1003
- Roach, Peter (2004), "British English: Received Pronunciation", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 34 (2): 239–245, ISSN 0025-1003
- Rogers, Derek; d'Arcangeli, Luciana (2004), "Italian", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 34 (1): 117–121, ISSN 0025-1003
- Rood, David S; Taylor, Allan R. (2006), "Sketch of Lakhota, a Siouan Language, Part I", Handbook of North American Indians 17: 440–482
- Shosted, Ryan K.; Vakhtang, Chikovani (2006), "Standard Georgian", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 36 (2): 255–264, ISSN 0025-1003
- Szende, Tamás (1994), "Illustrations of the IPA:Hungarian", Journal of the International Phonetic Alphabet 24 (2): 91–94, ISSN 0025-1003
- Tingsabadh, M.R. Kalaya; Abramson, Arthur S. (1993), "Thai", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 23 (1): 24–26, ISSN 0025-1003
- Thelwall, Robin (1990), "Illustrations of the IPA: Arabic", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 20 (2): 37–41, ISSN 0025-1003