Lapangan Terbang Suvarnabhumi

Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas.
Lapangan Terbang Suvarnabhumi
لاڤڠن تربڠ سورنا بومي

ท่าอากาศยานสุวรรณภูมิ
Suvarnabhumi Airport, Hall, Bangkok, Thailand.jpg
Rumusan
Jenis lapangan terbangPublic
PengendaliAirports of Thailand
DestinasiBangkok, Thailand
Hab untukBangkok Airways
Thai Airways
Ketinggian AMSL5 kaki / 2 m
Koordinat13°40′52″N 100°44′50″E / 13.68111°N 100.74722°E / 13.68111; 100.74722
Laman sesawanghttp://www.airportthai.co.th
Landasan
Arah Panjang Permukaan
m ft
01R/19L 4,000 13,123 Asphalt
01L/19R 3,700 12,139 Asphalt
Source: DAFIF[1][2]

Lapangan Terbang Suvarnabhumi (Tulisan Jawi: لاڤڠن تربڠ سوۏارنابومي), juga dikenali sebagai Lapangan Terbang Antarabangsa Bangkok (Baharu) (IATA: BKK, ICAO: VTBS), (bahasa Thai: ท่าอากาศยานสุวรรณภูมิ, disebut suwanapoom), adalah lapangan terbang antarabangsa yang berpusat di Bangkok, Thailand dan yang melayani kawasan tersebut. Selepas banyak kelewatan dalam penyiapan pembinaannya, lapangan terbang ini dibuka dengan pemberian perkhidmatan yang terhad pada 15 September 2006, dan terbuka untuk semua penerbangan komersil pada 28 September. Lapangan terbang ini adalah hab utama untuk Thai Airways International serta Bangkok Airways, dan merupakan kota tumpuan bagi sistem-sistem penerbangan Asiana Airlines, China Airlines, Cathay Pacific, Korean Air, Aeroflot, Emirates, Air India, Etihad Airways, EVA Air, India Airlines, Lufthansa, United Airlines, Air China, Japan Airlines, dan SriLankan Airlines.

Lapangan terbang ini terletak di Racha Thewa di dalam daerah Bang Phli, Wilayah Samut Prakan, hampir 25 kilometer di timur Bangkok. Nama Suvarnabhumi dipilih oleh Raja Bhumibol Adulyadej dan merujuk kepada sebuah kemaharajaan kuno yang dikatakan berpusat di salah satu kawasan di Asia Tenggara. Direka bentuk oleh Arkitek-arkitek Murphy/Jahn, lapangan terbang ini mempunyai menara kawalan yang tertinggi di dunia (132.2 m) serta bangunan tunggal dan terminal lapangan terbang yang kedua terbesar di dunia (563,000 m²). Ia hanya lebih kecil sedikit daripada Lapangan Terbang Antarabangsa Hong Kong (570,000 m²), tetapi lebih besar daripada Lapangan Terbang Antarabangsa Incheon (496,000 m²) di Korea Selatan. Lapangan terbang ini menggantikan Lapangan Terbang Antarabangsa Don Mueang yang lama sebagai lapangan terbang utama Bangkok bagi semua penerbangan komersil. [3] Don Mueang pada tahun 2005 merupakan lapangan terbang yang keempat tersibuk di Asia dari segi lalu lintas penumpang, iaitu selepas Lapangan Terbang Haneda di Tokyo, Lapangan Terbang Antarabangsa Ibu Negara Beijing, dan Lapangan Terbang Antarabangsa Hong Kong. Ia juga mewarisi Kod Lapangan Terbang IATA, BKK, daripada Don Mueang selepas lapangan terbang yang lebih lama itu menamatkan penerbangan-penerbangan komersilnya.

Dalam tempoh beberapa bulan selepas pembukaannya, isu-isu seperti kesesakan, kualiti pembinaan, papan tanda, peruntukan kemudahan, dan penurunan tanah terus melanda lapangan terbang ini dan membangkitkan panggilan, khususnya daripada syarikat penerbangan tambang murah, [4] untuk membuka semula Lapangan Terbang Antarabangsa Don Muang supaya membenarkan kerja-kerja pembaikan dilakukan. [5] Junta Thai mengumumkan tujuannya untuk membuka semula Don Muang sebagai lapangan terbang antarabangsa kedua yang tetap di tengah-tengah bantahan daripada Lapangan-lapangan Terbang Thailand, Jabatan Penerbangan Awam, dan melebihi 60 buah sistem penerbangan antarabangsa dan tempatan. [6][7] Pendapat pakar-pakar amat berbeza tentang takat masalah Suvarnabhumi serta punca utamanya. Bagaimanapun, kebanyakan sistem penerbangan menegaskan bahawa kerosakan lapangan terbang adalah amat sedikit. [8][9]

Syarikat penerbangan dan destinasi[sunting | sunting sumber]

Penumpang[sunting | sunting sumber]

PenerbanganDestinasi
Aeroflot Irkutsk (Bermula 18 Januari 2023[10]), Moscow–Sheremetyevo[11]
Air Astana Almaty
Air Austral Saint–Denis de la Réunion
Air Busan Busan,[12] Seoul−Incheon[12]
Air Canada Seasonal: Vancouver (begins 4 December 2022)[13]
Air China Beijing–Capital,[14] Hangzhou
Air France Paris–Charles de Gaulle
Air India Delhi, Mumbai
Air Macau Makau (Dimulakan 16 Januari 2023[15])
All Nippon Airways Tokyo–Haneda, Tokyo–Narita
Asiana Airlines Seoul–Incheon
Austrian Airlines Vienna
Bamboo Airways Ho Chi Minh City[16]
Bangkok Airways Chiang Mai, Da Nang, Hat Yai,[17] Koh Samui, Krabi, Lampang, Luang Prabang, Malé, Phnom Penh, Phuket, Siem Reap, Sukhothai,[18] Trat,[18] Yangon
Biman Bangladesh Airlines Dhaka
Bhutan Airlines Kolkata, Paro
Seasonal: Gaya
Cambodia Airways Phnom Penh, Sihanoukville[19]
Cathay Pacific Hong Kong
Cebu Pacific Manila
China Airlines Kaohsiung (resumes 1 January 2023),[20] Taipei–Taoyuan
China Eastern Airlines Kunming, Shanghai–Pudong[21]
China Southern Airlines Guangzhou
Drukair Bagdogra, Dhaka, Guwahati, Kolkata, Paro
El Al Tel Aviv
Emirates Airline Dubai–Antarabangsa [22], Hong Kong
Ethiopian Airlines Addis Ababa
Etihad Airways Abu Dhabi
EVA Air Amsterdam, London–Heathrow, Taipei–Taoyuan, Vienna
Finnair Helsinki
Garuda Indonesia Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta
Go First[23] Delhi, Mumbai
Greater Bay Airlines Hong Kong[24]
Gulf Air Bahrain, Singapore[25]
Hainan Airlines Beijing-Capital [26], Haikou (dimulakan semula 1 April 2023 [27][28])
Hebei Airlines Guiyang,[29] Lianyungang,[30] Shijiazhuang
HK Express Hong Kong
Hong Kong Airlines Hong Kong
IndiGo Bengaluru,[31] Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai
Japan Airlines Osaka–Kansai, Tokyo–Haneda, Tokyo–Narita
JC International Airlines Phnom Penh, Sihanoukville
Jeju Air Busan, Jeju,[32] Seoul–Incheon
Jetstar Melbourne
Jetstar Asia Singapore[33]
Jin Air Busan, Seoul–Incheon
Juneyao Airlines Shanghai–Pudong
Kenya Airways Guangzhou, Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta
KLM Amsterdam [34][35]
Korean Air Busan, Seoul–Incheon
Kunming Airlines Kunming
Kuwait Airways Kuwait City
Lanmei Airlines Phnom Penh, Siem Reap
Lao Airlines Luang Prabang, Pakse, Savannakhet, Vientiane
Lucky Air Chengdu–Shuangliu, Chengdu-Tianfu (Dimulakan semula 26 Mac 2023[36][37]), Kunming, Zhengzhou
Lufthansa Frankfurt, Munich[38]
Mahan Air Tehran–Imam Khomeini
Malaysia Airlines Kuala Lumpur–International
Maldivian Malé
MIAT Mongolian Airlines Seasonal: Ulaanbaatar
Myanmar Airways International Mandalay, Yangon
Myanmar National Airlines Yangon
Nepal Airlines Kathmandu
Okay Airways Nanning, Tianjin, Xi'an
Oman Air Muscat
Pacific Airlines Hanoi (begins 16 November 2022),[39] Ho Chi Minh City
Penerbangan Peach Naha, Osaka–Kansai (bermula 27 Disember 2022)[40][41]
Philippine Airlines Cebu (resumes 9 December 2022),[42] Manila
Qantas Sydney
Qatar Airways Doha, Shanghai-Pudong (Dimulakan semula 15 Januari 2023, dan laluan ini melalui Bangkok[43])
Qingdao Airlines Zhengzhou[44]
Rossiya Airlines Saint Petersburg (suspended)[45]
Royal Brunei Airlines Bandar Seri Begawan
S7 Airlines Irkutsk[46][47], Khabarovsk[48], Krasnoyarsk, Moscow–Domodedovo, Novosibirsk, Ulan-Ude, Vladivostok (semua laluan digantung kecuali Irkutsk)[45]
SalamAir Muscat (Bermula 18 Disember 2022[49])
Saudia Jeddah,[50] Riyadh[51]
Scoot Singapore
Shanghai Airlines Shanghai–Pudong[52]
Shenzhen Airlines Shenzhen
Sichuan Airlines Chengdu–Shuangliu[52]
Singapore Airlines Singapore
Sky Angkor Airlines Phnom Penh[53]
SpiceJet Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Pune[54]
Spring Airlines Beihai, Changchun, Dalian, Guangzhou, Harbin, Hefei, Hohhot, Jieyang, Lanzhou, Luoyang, Nanchang, Nanning,[55] Ningbo, Shanghai–Pudong, Shenyang, Xi'an, Xuzhou,[56] Yangzhou
SriLankan Airlines Colombo–Bandaranaike
Starlux Airlines Taipei–Taoyuan[57]
Swiss International Air Lines Zürich
Thai AirAsia Chiang Mai, Hat Yai[58], Krabi, Kuala Lumpur–Antarabangsa[59], Nakhon Si Thammarat[58], Nan[58], Phuket, Surat Thani
Thai AirAsia X[60] Melbourne [61], Osaka–Kansai, Sapporo–Chitose[62], Seoul–Incheon, Sydney, Tbilisi[63], Tokyo–Narita[64]
Thai Airways International Auckland, Beijing–Capital, Bengaluru, Brussels, Chengdu–Shuangliu[65][66], Chennai, Copenhagen, Delhi, Denpasar, Dhaka, Frankfurt, Fukuoka, Guangzhou , Hong Kong, Hyderabad,[67] Islamabad, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Jeddah,[68] Karachi, Kolkata (resumes 1 January 2023), Kuala Lumpur–International, Kunming,[65] Lahore, London–Heathrow, Manila, Melbourne, Moscow–Domodedovo (suspended), Mumbai, Munich, Nagoya–Centrair, Osaka–Kansai, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Sapporo–Chitose (resumes 1 December 2022),[69] Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Pudong, Singapore, Stockholm–Arlanda, Sydney, Taipei–Taoyuan, Tokyo–Haneda, Tokyo–Narita, Zürich
Thai Smile Changsha, Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Chongqing, Gaya, Hanoi,[70] Hat Yai, Ho Chi Minh City, Kaohsiung (resumes 1 December 2022),[71] Khon Kaen, Kolkata (ends 31 December 2022), Krabi, Luang Prabang, Mandalay, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Nan, Narathiwat, Pulau Pinang, Phnom Penh, Phuket, Roi Et, Siem Reap, Surat Thani, Surabaya (Bermula 1 Februari 2023[72]), Ubon Ratchathani, Udon Thani, Vientiane, Xiamen,[73] Yangon, Kota Yogyakarta (Bermula 1 Februari 2023[74]), Zhengzhou
Thai VietJet Air Ahmedabad (Laluan ini tidak jadi dilancarkan[75]), Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Da Lat [76], Da Nang, Fukuoka[77], Haikou[78], Hat Yai[79], Hefei[80], Bandaraya Ho Chi Minh[81], Khon Kaen[79], Krabi, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Nanjing[82], Phnom Penh[83], Phuket, Phu Quoc[84], Singapura[81], Surat Thani[79], Taipei–Taoyuan, Ubon Ratchathani[79], Udon Thani[85], Zhengzhou[82]
Piagam: Can Tho
Turkish Airlines Istanbul
T'way Air Daegu, Seoul–Incheon
Ural Airlines Irkutsk,[86] Moscow–Domodedovo, Ufa, Yekaterinburg
US-Bangla Airlines Dhaka
Uzbekistan Airways Tashkent (resumes 2 December 2022)[87]
VietJet Air Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City
Vietnam Airlines Da Nang,[88] Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City
Vistara Delhi, Mumbai[89]
XiamenAir Tianjin,[90] Xiamen
ZIPAIR Tokyo Tokyo–Narita[91]

Kargo[sunting | sunting sumber]

PenerbanganDestinasi
Air Hong Kong Hong Kong
Air ACT Istanbul
AeroLogic Bengaluru, Frankfurt, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Leipzig/Halle, Penang, Singapore
Air Bridge Cargo Hong Kong, Moscow–Sheremetyevo (both suspended)
Atlas Air Anchorage, Hong Kong, Sydney
ANA Cargo Osaka–Kansai, Singapore, Taipei–Taoyuan, Tokyo–Narita
Asiana Cargo Seoul–Incheon
Air Belgium Cargo Liège[92]
Cardig Air Hong Kong, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Singapore
Cargolux Amman–Queen Alia,[93] Bahrain, Baku, Ho Chi Minh City, Luxembourg, Shanghai–Pudong, Shenzhen, Xiamen, Zhengzhou[94]
Cargolux Italia Hong Kong[95]
Cathay Pacific Cargo Hong Kong, Penang, Singapore
China Airlines Cargo Amsterdam,[96] Chengdu–Shuangliu , Taipei–Taoyuan
China Postal AirlinesKunming
China Cargo Airlines Shanghai–Pudong,Singapore
DHL Aviation Auckland,[97] Hong Kong, Leipzig/Halle ,[98] Penang
EVA Air Cargo Taipei–Taoyuan[99]
Emirates SkyCargo Shanghai–Pudong , Dubai-Al Maktoum , Mumbai
Ethiopian Cargo Addis Ababa
FedEx Express Guangzhou, Hanoi, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Penang, Singapore
Garuda Cargo Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta
K-Mile Air Hanoi, Hong Kong, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Phnom Penh, Singapore
Korean Air Cargo Chennai, Seoul–Incheon, Singapore
Lufthansa Cargo Bengaluru, Frankfurt, Mumbai, Sharjah
Longhao Airlines Nanning, Shenzhen
MASKargo Hong Kong,[100] Kuala Lumpur–International
Nippon Cargo Airlines Tokyo–Narita[101]
Polar Air Cargo Anchorage, Hong Kong, Sydney
Qantas Freight Anchorage, Avalon,[102] Kuala Lumpur–International,[103] Shanghai–Pudong, Sydney,
Raya Airways Ha noi[104]Selangor
Singapore Airlines Cargo Shanghai–Pudong, Singapore
Suparna Airlines Shanghai–Pudong
Turkish Cargo[105] Almaty, Delhi, Islamabad, Istanbul, Lahore, Tashkent
UPS Airlines Beijing–Capital, Cologne/Bonn, Delhi, Mumbai, Shenzhen[106]

Rujukan[sunting | sunting sumber]

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  4. ^ Takdir Don Muang masih belum tentu
  5. ^ Sesetengah sistem penerbangan mungkin akan kembali ke Lapangan Terbang Don Muang, The Nation, 29 Januari 2007.
  6. ^ The Nation, Berusaha sedaya upaya untuk mengatasi bencana lapangan terbang, 8 Februari 2007
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