Senarai negara mengikut kadar bunuh diri

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Berikut merupakan senarai negara mengikut kadar bunuh diri berdasarkan data 2015 dari Pertubuhan Kesihatan Sedunia (WHO) dan sumber-sumber lain, dimana kedudukan sesebuah negara ditentukan oleh jumlah rasmi kematian disebabkan oleh bunuh diri dalam tempoh masa terkini. Statistis WHO adalah berdasarkan laporan rasmi dari setiap negara, oleh itu, tidak rekod yang lebih tepat berbanding rekod yang disimpan di negara tertentu.

Kejadian bunuh diri cenderung tidak dilaporkan kerana tekanan budaya dan sosial, dan mungkin tidak dilaporkan sepenuhnya di beberapa kawasan. Memandangkan data mungkin tidak lengkap, perbandingan kadar bunuh diri di antara negara-negara secara statistik adalah tidak tepat. Sebagai contoh, cubaan membunuh diri di Nepal adalah tidak sah dan orang yang ditangkap melakukannya boleh dipenjarakan, didenda atau kedua-duanya sekala; oleh itu, sebarang angka untuk Nepal mungkin akan dipandang rendah.[1]

Senarai oleh Pertubuhan Kesihatan Sedunia(2015)[sunting | sunting sumber]

Source: WHO (kemaskini April 2017)[2]

Bunuh diri per 100,000 orang per tahun (standardisasi umur)
Kedua-dua jantina
rank		 Negara Kedua-dua jantina Kedudukan
Lelaki		 Lelaki Kedudukan
wanita		 Wanita Nisbah
lelaki ke perempuan
1  Sri Lanka (maklumat tambahan) 34.6 1 58.8 9 13.3 4.42
2  Guyana (maklumat tambahan) 30.6 5 46.0 1 15.5 2.97
3  Mongolia 28.1 2 48.2 21 9.2 5.24
4  Kazakhstan (maklumat tambahan) 27.5 3 48.1 17 9.6 5.01
5  Cote d'Ivoire 27.2 8 38.8 3 14.4 2.69
6  Suriname 26.9 6 41.6 11 12.6 3.3
7  Equatorial Guinea 26.6 7 39.1 10 13.2 2.96
8  Lithuania (maklumat tambahan) 26.1 4 47.1 30 8.1 5.81
9  Angola 25.9 9 38.1 5 14.3 2.66
10  South Korea (maklumat tambahan) 24.1 10 36.1 8 13.4 2.69
11  Sierra Leone 22.1 16 29.7 2 14.7 2.02
12  Bolivia 20.5 21 26.7 3 14.4 1.85
13  Central African Republic 19.6 15 30.3 20 9.3 3.26
14  Belarus 19.1 11 35.0 81 5.4 6.48
15  Poland 18.5 12 32.7 93 4.9 6.67
16  Zimbabwe 18.0 20 26.9 12 10.3 2.61
17  Russia (maklumat tambahan) 17.9 13 32.2 72 5.6 5.75
17  Swaziland 17.9 18 27.3 17 9.6 2.84
19  Cameroon 17.5 19 27.1 26 8.5 3.19
20  Latvia 17.4 14 31.9 95 4.8 6.65
21  Ukraine (maklumat tambahan) 16.6 17 28.7 54 6.2 4.63
22  Burkina Faso 16.5 25 25.1 13 10.1 2.49
23  Belgium 16.1 30 23.4 23 9.1 2.57
24  India (maklumat tambahan) 16.0 65 17.9 7 14.2 1.26
25  Hungary 15.7 23 25.8 42 6.9 3.74
26  Japan (maklumat tambahan) 15.4 36 21.7 21 9.2 2.36
26  Togo 15.4 32 23.1 25 8.7 2.66
28  Uruguay 15.2 24 25.2 49 6.3 4.0
28  North Korea 15.2 72 17.3 6 14.3 1.21
30  Nigeria 15.1 42 20.3 14 9.9 2.05
31  Slovenia 15.0 26 24.5 60 6.0 4.08
31  Benin 15.0 33 22.7 28 8.4 2.7
33  Estonia 14.9 22 26.4 95 4.8 5.5
34  Kiribati 14.8 29 23.6 46 6.6 3.58
35  Finland 14.2 37 21.4 39 7.2 2.97
35  Chad 14.2 38 20.9 32 7.9 2.65
37  Laos 14.0 53 18.5 14 9.9 1.87
38  Argentina 13.9 28 23.7 95 4.8 4.94
39  Lesotho 13.6 45 19.9 29 8.2 2.43
40  Eritrea 13.2 30 23.4 81 5.4 4.33
40  Trinidad and Tobago 13.2 34 22.4 103 4.5 4.98
42  Burundi 13.0 42 20.3 49 6.3 3.22
43  Mozambique (maklumat tambahan) 12.9 41 20.5 43 6.7 3.06
– Templat:Country data African Union Africa 12.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
44  Ethiopia 12.8 39 20.7 72 5.6 3.7
44  Cambodia 12.8 65 17.9 26 8.5 2.11
46  Thailand 12.7 58 18.2 33 7.7 2.36
46  Sweden 12.7 68 17.8 35 7.6 2.34
48  Uganda 12.6 56 18.3 35 7.6 2.41
48  United States (maklumat tambahan) 12.6 46 19.5 66 5.8 3.36
48  Rwanda 12.6 27 24.3 119 3.5 6.94
48  Botswana 12.6 46 19.5 54 6.2 3.15
52  Moldova 12.5 35 22.3 112 3.9 5.72
52  Gabon 12.5 60 18.1 40 7.0 2.59
54  Comoros 12.3 74 17.2 31 8.0 2.15
54  France (maklumat tambahan) 12.3 51 19.0 64 5.9 3.22
54  New Zealand 12.3 52 18.7 49 6.3 2.97
54  South Africa 12.3 39 20.7 90 5.1 4.06
58  Democratic Republic of the Congo 12.2 72 17.3 38 7.3 2.37
59  Bhutan (maklumat tambahan) 12.1 100 13.9 14 9.9 1.4
59  Serbia 12.1 46 19.5 77 5.5 3.55
59  Croatia 12.1 49 19.2 69 5.7 3.37
–  Europe 11.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
62  Papua New Guinea 11.9 60 18.1 64 5.9 3.07
62  Congo 11.9 65 17.9 58 6.1 2.93
62  Cape Verde 11.9 53 18.5 40 7.0 2.64
65  Iceland 11.8 74 17.2 49 6.3 2.73
65  Senegal 11.8 44 20.2 86 5.2 3.88
67  Austria 11.7 53 18.5 84 5.3 3.49
67  Haiti 11.7 70 17.7 60 6.0 2.95
69  Gambia 11.6 87 15.5 33 7.7 2.01
70  Sudan 11.4 78 16.6 49 6.3 2.63
70  Guinea 11.4 87 15.5 37 7.5 2.07
72  Zambia 11.2 58 18.2 91 5.0 3.64
72  Bulgaria 11.2 56 18.3 95 4.8 3.81
72  Micronesia 11.2 85 15.7 43 6.7 2.34
75  Ireland 11.1 63 18.0 108 4.2 4.29
76  Tanzania 11.0 79 16.5 66 5.8 2.84
76  El Salvador 11.0 49 19.2 106 4.4 4.36
76  Maldives 11.0 110 13.1 24 8.9 1.47
79  Ghana 10.9 68 17.8 112 3.9 4.56
80  Malawi 10.8 63 18.0 95 4.8 3.75
80  Djibouti 10.8 90 15.4 48 6.5 2.37
– World 10.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
82  Switzerland 10.7 87 15.5 60 6.0 2.58
83  Czech Republic 10.6 70 17.7 112 3.9 4.54
84  Kenya 10.5 76 17.1 103 4.5 3.8
84  Cuba 10.5 77 17.0 108 4.2 4.05
84  Mali 10.5 95 14.5 43 6.7 2.16
87  Australia 10.4 91 15.3 72 5.6 2.73
87  Canada (maklumat tambahan) 10.4 91 15.3 72 5.6 2.73
87  Namibia 10.4 80 16.4 77 5.5 2.98
90  Turkmenistan 10.3 84 15.8 86 5.2 3.04
90  Liberia 10.3 82 16.1 93 4.9 3.29
92  Slovakia 9.9 60 18.1 141 2.5 7.24
92  Paraguay 9.9 102 13.7 58 6.1 2.25
94  Nicaragua 9.8 83 15.9 108 4.2 3.79
94  Mauritania 9.8 95 14.5 69 5.7 2.54
96  South Sudan 9.6 97 14.3 81 5.4 2.65
97  Guinea-Bissau 9.5 104 13.6 66 5.8 2.34
98  Solomon Islands 9.4 102 13.7 91 5.0 2.74
98  Netherlands 9.4 111 12.9 60 6.0 2.15
98  Timor-Leste 9.4 109 13.2 72 5.6 2.36
98  Yemen 9.4 114 12.6 54 6.2 2.03
102  Norway 9.3 111 12.9 69 5.7 2.26
103  Romania 9.2 80 16.4 141 2.5 6.56
103  Uzbekistan 9.2 104 13.6 86 5.2 2.62
– Templat:Country data Organization of American States Americas 9.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
– Western Pacific 9.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
105  Chile 9.1 91 15.3 125 3.3 4.64
105  Germany 9.1 100 13.9 103 4.5 3.09
105  Denmark 9.1 106 13.5 101 4.7 2.87
108  Fiji 8.9 106 13.5 107 4.3 3.14
109  Mauritius 8.8 99 14.0 116 3.7 3.78
110  Montenegro 8.7 118 12.4 84 5.3 2.34
110  Seychelles 8.7 85 15.7 158 1.9 8.26
112  Somalia 8.6 113 12.7 95 4.8 2.65
112  Turkey 8.6 114 12.6 101 4.7 2.68
112  Singapore 8.6 121 11.9 77 5.5 2.16
115  Luxembourg 8.5 123 11.6 86 5.2 2.23
115  Portugal 8.5 97 14.3 116 3.7 3.86
115  China (maklumat tambahan) 8.5 146 7.7 19 9.5 0.811
115  Niger 8.5 124 11.5 77 5.5 2.09
119  Belize 8.3 94 14.7 153 2.0 7.35
120  Kyrgyzstan 8.2 108 13.4 122 3.4 3.94
121  Madagascar 8.0 117 12.5 112 3.9 3.21
122  Ecuador 7.6 124 11.5 116 3.7 3.11
123  United Kingdom (maklumat tambahan) 7.4 122 11.7 129 3.2 3.66
124  Costa Rica 7.3 114 12.6 153 2.0 6.3
124  Dominican Republic 7.3 119 12.2 139 2.6 4.69
126    Nepal (maklumat tambahan) 7.2 142 8.2 54 6.2 1.32
126  Vietnam 7.2 127 11.3 122 3.4 3.32
128  Afghanistan 7.1 128 10.9 130 3.1 3.52
129  Samoa 7.0 126 11.4 136 2.8 4.07
129  Vanuatu 7.0 129 10.8 125 3.3 3.27
131  Bahrain 6.9 135 9.5 132 2.9 3.28
132  Saint Lucia 6.7 120 12.0 164 1.6 7.5
133  Malaysia 6.5 135 9.5 122 3.4 2.79
134  Republic of Macedonia 6.4 132 9.9 130 3.1 3.19
135  Bangladesh (maklumat tambahan) 6.0 161 5.3 46 6.6 0.803
135  Brazil 6.0 134 9.6 138 2.7 3.56
135  Colombia 6.0 130 10.1 150 2.1 4.81
135  Spain 6.0 137 9.4 132 2.9 3.24
135  Peru 6.0 138 9.2 132 2.9 3.17
135  Libya 6.0 138 9.2 136 2.8 3.29
141  Qatar 5.7 147 7.3 170 1.2 6.08
142  Panama 5.6 130 10.1 173 1.1 9.18
143  Israel 5.4 140 8.7 147 2.3 3.78
143  Italy 5.4 140 8.7 148 2.2 3.95
143  Tunisia 5.4 151 6.7 111 4.1 1.63
146  Georgia 5.3 133 9.7 166 1.5 6.47
147  Morocco 5.2 150 7.0 119 3.5 2.0
148  Malta 5.0 142 8.2 153 2.0 4.1
148  Mexico 5.0 144 8.1 150 2.1 3.86
150  Tajikistan 4.9 148 7.2 141 2.5 2.88
151  Oman 4.8 153 6.4 153 2.0 3.2
152  Armenia 4.6 145 8.0 161 1.8 4.44
153  Myanmar 4.5 154 5.9 125 3.3 1.79
154  Bosnia and Herzegovina 4.4 149 7.1 159 1.9 3.74
– Eastern Mediterranean 4.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
155  Honduras 4.2 155 5.8 139 2.6 2.23
156  Iraq 4.1 169 4.8 119 3.5 1.37
156  Kuwait 4.1 157 5.7 150 2.1 2.71
156  Tonga 4.1 166 5.1 125 3.3 1.55
159  Cyprus 3.9 151 6.7 176 1.0 6.7
159  Jordan 3.9 161 5.3 144 2.4 2.21
159  Saudi Arabia 3.9 158 5.5 148 2.2 2.5
162  Albania 3.8 161 5.3 144 2.4 2.21
162  Philippines 3.8 155 5.8 159 1.9 3.05
164  Iran 3.6 172 4.2 132 2.9 1.45
165  Greece 3.2 159 5.4 170 1.2 4.5
165  Syria 3.2 165 5.2 170 1.2 4.33
167  Venezuela 3.1 159 5.4 173 1.1 4.91
167  Algeria 3.1 167 5.0 168 1.3 3.85
167  Egypt 3.1 170 4.5 161 1.8 2.5
167  Azerbaijan 3.1 161 5.3 173 1.1 4.82
167  Lebanon 3.1 174 4.0 153 2.0 2.0
172  Indonesia 3.0 170 4.5 164 1.6 2.81
173  United Arab Emirates 2.8 175 3.6 177 0.9 4.0
174  Guatemala 2.7 172 4.2 166 1.5 2.8
175  Sao Tome and Principe 2.6 175 3.6 163 1.7 2.12
175  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2.6 168 4.9 179 0.4 12.2
177  Pakistan 2.5 179 2.5 144 2.4 1.04
178  Bahamas 1.6 177 2.9 180 0.4 7.25
179  Brunei 1.4 180 1.4 168 1.3 1.08
179  Jamaica 1.4 178 2.6 181 0.3 8.67
181  Grenada 0.4 182 0.0 178 0.5 0
182  Barbados 0.3 181 0.5 182 0.1 5.0
183  Antigua and Barbuda 0.0 182 0.0 183 0.0 NC

Senarai dari sumber lain dan tahun (1985–2017)[sunting | sunting sumber]

Bunuh diri per 100,000 orang per tahun[3]
Kedudukan Negara Lelaki Wanita Purata Tahun
1  Greenland[4][5][6] (maklumat tambahan) 116.9 45.0 83.0 (0.0830%) 2011
2  Lithuania[7] (maklumat tambahan) 65.1 12.4 36.7 (0.0367%) 2013
3  Korea Selatan[8] (maklumat tambahan) 37.5 15.5 26.5 (0.0265%) 2015
4  Guyana[9] (maklumat tambahan) 39.0 13.4 26.4 (0.0264%) 2006
5  Kazakhstan[9] (maklumat tambahan) 43.0 9.4 25.6 (0.0256%) 2008
6  Slovenia[10] 34.6 9.4 21.8 (0.0218%) 2011
7  Sri Lanka[11] (maklumat tambahan) 34.8 9.24 21.3 (0.0213%) 2011
8  Hungary[12] 21.1 (0.0211%) 2013
9  Jepun[13] (maklumat tambahan) 28.2 12.3 20.1 (0.0201%) 2014
10  Ukraine[14] (maklumat tambahan) 19.8 (0.0198%) 2012
11  Latvia[15] 19.0 (0.0190%) 2013
12  Belarus[16] 18.4 (0.0184%) 2014
13  Moldova 17.6 (0.0176%) 2008
14  Serbia[17] 24.9 9.0 17.3 (0.0173%) 2011
15  Belgium[18][note 1][19][note 2] 17.0 (0.0170%) 2009
17  Uruguay[20] 16.5 (0.0165%) 2012
18  Croatia[21] 16.3 (0.0163%) 2013
19  Bhutan[22] (maklumat tambahan) 16.2 (0.0162%) 2011
20  Russia[23] (maklumat tambahan) 15.6 (0.0156%) 2016
21  Austria 23.8 7.1 15.45 (0.01545%) 2009
22  Afrika Selatan[24] 15.4 (0.0154%) 2005
23  Taiwan[25] 20.5 9.7 15.1 (0.0151%) 2011
24  Estonia[26] 27.3 4.5 14.8 (0.0148%) 2010
25  Perancis[26] (maklumat tambahan) 22.8 7.4 14.7 (0.0147%) 2010
26  Suriname 23.9 4.8 14.4 (0.0144%) 2005
 Finland[27] 22.3 6.9 14.4 (0.0144%) 2014
–  Europe[28] 23.1 5.8 14.2 (0.0142%) 2008
29  Poland 13.8 (0.0138%) 2017
30  Bosnia dan Herzegovina[29] 13.6 (0.0136%) 2012
31  Republik Czech 12.8 (0.0128%) 2010
32  Amerika Syarikat[30] (maklumat tambahan) 20.2 5.5 12.6 (0.0126%) 2013
33  Jerman[31] 18.9 6.4 12.5 (0.0125%) 2013
34  Cuba 19.0 5.5 12.3 (0.0123%) 2008
 Bulgaria 18.8 6.2 12.3 (0.0123%) 2008
 New Zealand[32][33] 19.0 5.8 12.3 (0.0123%) 2014–15
 Hong Kong[34] 16.2 8.8 12.3 (0.0123%) 2011
38  Sweden[35] 17.3 6.9 12.0 (0.0120%) 2012
 Portugal[19][36] 20 4.0 12.0 (0.0120%) 2015
40  Romania 20.8 3.7 11.9 (0.0119%) 2009
 Norway 14.0 5.0 11.9 (0.0119%) 2012
42  United Kingdom[37] (maklumat tambahan) 18.2 5.1 11.8 (0.0118%) 2011
43  Kanada[38] (maklumat tambahan) 16.9 5.3 11.5 (0.0115%) 2009
44  Iceland[39] 18.3 4.6 11.3 (0.0113%) 2009
45  Chile 18.2 4.2 11.2 (0.0112%) 2007
46  Switzerland[40] 17 5.8 11.2 (0.0112%) 2011
47  Netherlands[19] 18.0 6.0 12.0 (0.0012%) 2015
48  Trinidad dan Tobago 17.9 3.8 10.7 (0.0107%) 2006
49  India (maklumat tambahan) 13.0 7.8 10.5 (0.0105%) 2009
50  Ireland[41] 17.4 3.4 10.3 (0.0103%) 2013
 Singapura[42] 13.3 7.3 10.3 (0.0103%) 2012
52  Australia[43] 12.0 (0.012%) 2014
53  Slovakia[19] 17.4 2.8 9.9 (0.0099%) 2011
54 Republik Rakyat China China[44] (maklumat tambahan) 9.8 (0.0098%) 2014
55  Kyrgyzstan 14.1 3.6 8.8 (0.0088%) 2009
56  Turkmenistan 13.8 3.5 8.6 (0.0086%) 1998
57  Sepanyol[45] 12.7 4.1 8.3 (0.0083%) 2013
58  Republik Macedonia[19] 12.6 3.9 8.0 (0.008%) 2009
 El Salvador 12.9 3.6 8.0 (0.008%) 2008
59  Itali 12.7 3.8 8.0 (0.0080%) 2016
60  Zimbabwe 10.6 5.2 7.9 (0.0079%) 1990
61  Luxembourg[19] 13.2 2.9 7.8 (0.0078%) 2008
62  Argentina 12.6 3.0 7.7 (0.0077%) 2008
63  Ecuador 10.5 3.6 7.1 (0.0071%) 2009
64  Mauritius 11.8 1.9 6.8 (0.0068%) 2008
65  Costa Rica 10.2 1.9 6.1 (0.0061%) 2009
66  Thailand[46] 9.7 2.58 6.03 (0.0613%) 2013
67  Mongolia 8.6 3.1 5.85 (0.0058%) 2011
68  Israel[47] 9.9 2.1 5.8 (0.0058%) 2007
 Nicaragua 9.0 2.6 5.8 (0.0058%) 2006
70  Panama 9.0 1.9 5.5 (0.0055%) 2008
71  Colombia 7.9 2.0 4.9 (0.0049%) 2007
72  Brazil 7.7 2.0 4.8 (0.0048%) 2008
 Iran[48][49] 3.9 2.1 4.8 (0.0048%) 2013
74  Uzbekistan 7.0 2.3 4.7 (0.0047%) 2005
75  Kemboja 4.6 (0.0046%) 2008
76  Georgia 7.1 1.7 4.3 (0.0043%) 2009
77  Turki[50] 4.19 (0.00419%) 2013
78  Albania[51] 4.7 3.3 4.0 (0.004%) 2003
 Mexico 6.8 1.3 4.0 (0.004%) 2008
80  Honduras[52] 3.84 (0.00384%) 2011
81  Bahrain 4.0 3.5 3.8 (0.0038%) 2006
82  Belize 6.6 0.7 3.7 (0.0037%) 2008
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 5.4 1.9 3.7 (0.0037%) 2008
84  Paraguay 5.1 2.0 3.6 (0.0036%) 2008
 Cyprus[19] 5.9 1.3 3.6 (0.0036%) 2009
 Guatemala 5.6 1.7 3.6 (0.0036%) 2008
87  Barbados 7.3 0.0 3.5 (0.0035%) 2006
 Greece 6.1 1.0 3.5 (0.0035%) 2009
89  Malta 5.9 1.0 3.4 (0.0034%) 2008
90  Venezuela 5.3 1.2 3.2 (0.0032%) 2007
91  Filipina[53] 4.5 1.0 2.75 (0.00275%) 2005
92  Tajikistan 2.9 2.3 2.6 (0.0026%) 2001
93  Saint Lucia 4.9 0.0 2.4 (0.0024%) 2005
94  Dominican Republic 3.9 0.7 2.3 (0.0023%) 2005
95  Armenia 2.8 1.1 1.9 (0.0019%) 2008
96  Kuwait 1.9 1.7 1.8 (0.0018%) 2009
97  The Bahamas 1.9 0.6 1.2 (0.0012%) 2005
98  Pakistan[54] 1.45 0.71 1.10 (0.0011%) 2012
99  Peru 1.1 0.6 0.9 (0.0009%) 2000
 São Tomé and Príncipe 0.0 1.8 0.9 (0.0009%) 1987
101  Azerbaijan 1.0 0.3 0.6 (0.0006%) 2007
102  Maldives 0.7 0.0 0.3 (0.0003%) 2005
103  Jamaica 0.3 0.0 0.1 (0.0001%) 1990
 Syria 0.2 0.0 0.1 (0.0001%) 1985
 Jordan[55] 0.2 0.0 0.1 (0.0001%) 2008
 Egypt 0.1 0.0 0.1 (0.0001%) 2009
107  Grenada 0.0 0.0 0.0 (0%) 2008
 Saint Kitts and Nevis 0.0 0.0 0.0 (0%) 1995
 Antigua and Barbuda 0.0 0.0 0.0 (0%) 1995
 Haiti 0.0 0.0 0.0 (0%) 2003
   Nepal 0.0 0.0 0.0 (0%) 2003

Nota[sunting | sunting sumber]

  1. ^ Recently released figures by official Belgian authorities suggest a considerably higher rate of 17.0 persons (total) per 100,000 people per annum in 2009 (5,712 cases in a population of 10,749,000 (=10,666,866 as of 1 January 2008 increasing by 0,77% per annum.) as of 1 January 2009)."Toenemend aantal zelfdodingen in Belgie" (dalam bahasa Belanda). 2011. 
  2. ^ The number of death in Belgium in 2008 due to suicide "zichzelf schade toebrengen" was reported at 2000 out of a total of 103.760 death. These death comprise 1453 men and 547 women. This puts the suicide rate at about 19 per 100.000. See statbel: http://statbel.fgov.be/nl/binaries/NL%20-%20Tableau%201%2E3_T_2008_tcm325-168456.pdf
  • The updated figure of suicide rates in Belgium for 2011 is 2,084 on a total population of 10,933,607, equivalent to 18.96 per 100,000 inhabitants (source: Het Nieuwsblad, 10 April 2014).

Rujukan[sunting | sunting sumber]

  1. ^ "Suicide prevention in Nepal: a comparison to Australia—a personal view". US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health. PMC 2777576 Boleh dicapai secara percuma. 
  2. ^ "Suicide rates, age standardized - Data by country". World Health Organization. 2015. Dicapai 13 April 2017. 
  3. ^ Unless otherwise stated all statistics are from WHO: "Suicide rates per 100,000 by country, year and sex (Table)". World Health Organization. 2011. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 22 January 2012. Dicapai 2012-01-26. 
  4. ^ "The Suicide Capital of the World". Dicapai 13 March 2013. 
  5. ^ "Rising suicide rate baffles Greenland". Dicapai 13 March 2013. 
  6. ^ "StatBank Greenland - Suicide by methode, place, age, time and sex [SUELDM2]". 
  7. ^ "Savižudybių statistika;". Valstybinis psichikos sveikatos centras. Dicapai 2013-09-09. 
  8. ^ "2015년 사망원인 통계" (dalam bahasa Korea). 통계청. 2015. Dicapai 2016-09-27. 
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  10. ^ Unless otherwise stated all statistics are from WHO: "Suicide rates per 100,000 by country, year and sex (Table)". Statistični urad Republike Slovenije. 2011. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 22 January 2012. Dicapai 2012-01-26. 
  11. ^ "Age and sex specific suicide rates in Sri Lanka from 1995-2011". Sri Lanka Journal of Psychiatry. December 2012. doi:10.4038/sljpsyc.v3i2.5131. 
  12. ^ "KSH Stadat database, causes of death (1949-2013)" (dalam bahasa Hungary). Hungarian Central Statistical Office (KSH). Dicapai 2014-10-31. 
  13. ^ "平成 26 年中における自殺の状況" (PDF). National Police Agency. 2014. m/s. 4.  Parameter |trans_title= tidak diketahui diabaikan (bantuan)
  14. ^ Хаустова О. О. Самогубства та побутова смертність в Україні: підсумки 2012 року // Український вісник психоневрології. — 2013. — В. 4 (77). — Т. 21. — С. 12-18.
  15. ^ http://www.spkc.gov.lv/file_download/2097/2_Mirstiba_2013.pdf
  16. ^ "National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus (for 2012);" (PDF) (dalam bahasa Belarus). Belstat. Diarkibkan daripada asal (PDF) pada 2 December 2013. Dicapai 2012-12-03. 
  17. ^ "Report of Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia". Dicapai 2013-05-27. 
  18. ^ "Eurostat - Tables, Graphs and Maps Interface (TGM) table". Dicapai 25 May 2016. 
  19. ^ a b c d e f g "Death Due To Suicide". Eurostat. European Commission. 2009. Dicapai 2010-01-10. 
  20. ^ "Grave preocupación por tasa en alza de 16,5 suicidios cada 100.000 habitantes" (dalam bahasa Sepanyol). Uruguay. 18 July 2013. Dicapai 2016-02-12. 
  21. ^ "Odsjek za mentalne poremećaje s registrom za psihoze i registrom izvršenih samoubojstava" (dalam bahasa Croatia). HZJZ. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 28 March 2016. 
  22. ^ "World Suicide Death Rate Rankings (WHO)" (PDF). 2011-12-16. 
  23. ^ "INFORMATION ABOUT THE MORTALITY OF THE POPULATION FOR THE CAUSES OF DEATH FOR THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION - January - December 2016" (dalam bahasa Rusia). Rosstat. Dicapai 2017-06-23. 
  24. ^ Burrows, Stephanie; Laflamme, Lucie (February 2006). "Suicide Mortality in South Africa". Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. 41. doi:10.1007/s00127-005-0004-4.  . Note: This data is for urban areas only. The data available for the whole of South Africa in 2007 are: men 1.4, women 0.4, total 0.9 (source: WHO)
  25. ^ "Causes of death, Department of Health, Taiwan" (XLS). Dicapai 2013-05-20. 
  26. ^ a b http://www.stat.ee/57205
  27. ^ "Number of suicides 1921-2014, Statistics Finland". 2015-12-30. 
  28. ^ "Suicide in the World- Table 2 - Suicide by gender and age groups in WHO regions, estimates for 2008". 2012-03-02. 
  29. ^ SRNA (2012-04-16). "BiH: Prošle godine ubilo se 507 lica, od čega 16 maloletnika". SRNA. Dicapai 4 December 2012. 
  30. ^ "Suicide Statistics". AFSP. Dicapai 25 May 2016. 
  31. ^ "Health - Causes of Death in Germany" (PDF) (dalam bahasa Jerman). 2013. 
  32. ^ "NZ suicide rates rise for first time in four years". New Zealand Herald (dalam bahasa Inggeris). 2015-10-06. ISSN 1170-0777. Dicapai 2015-10-06. 
  33. ^ "Chief Coroner releases provisional annual suicide figures for the 2014/15 year". Coronial Services of New Zealand. 2015-10-06. Dicapai 2016-02-12. 
  34. ^ "Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention". Hong Kong. 2013. 
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  36. ^ Sociedade Portuguesa de Suicidologia. "Estatística - Sociedade Portuguesa de Suicidologia". Dicapai 25 May 2016. 
  37. ^ "UK suicide rate rises 'significantly' in 2011". BBC News. 22 January 2013. 
  38. ^ "Suicides and suicide rate, by sex and by age group, Canada". 
  39. ^ "36 died from own hand". Hagstofa Íslands/Statistical Bureau of Iceland. Morgunblaðið. 2010. Dicapai 2010-09-21. 
  40. ^ statistique, Office fédéral de la. "Développement durable". www.bfs.admin.ch. 
  41. ^ Central Statistics Office. "Vital Statistics - Fourth Quarter and Yearly Summary - 2013" (PDF). 
  42. ^ Samaritians of Singapore. "Suicide Statistics in Singapore" (PDF). 
  43. ^ Statistics, c=AU; o=Commonwealth of Australia; ou=Australian Bureau of. "Attachment Not Found". abs.gov.au. 
  44. ^ "Back from the edge - The first of two articles on China's suicide rate looks at the effect of urbanisation". The Economist. June 28, 2014. 
  45. ^ "Suicides and suicide rate, by sex and by age group, Spain". June 27, 2015. 
  46. ^ "Suicide Rates: Thailand". Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 6 March 2016. 
  47. ^ "Suicide in Isreal - 1981-2009 Suicides, Suicide Attempts 2004-2010" (PDF) (dalam bahasa IW). Dicapai 2013-09-09. 
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  52. ^ "Mortalidad y otros (Mortality and others)" (PDF). IUDPAS. 2011-03-01. Dicapai 2013-01-22. 
  53. ^ Chief, Barbara Mae Dacanay, Bureau (17 July 2012). "Suicide rate has steadily risen in Philippines for 21 years — report". 
  54. ^ Based on a population of 180.4 million in 2012 (Population Reference Bureau), a sex ratio of 1.06 males/female (CIA World Factbook, 2013) and figures from 'State of Human Rights in 2012' by the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan: 1,976 persons committed suicide in 2012 across the country of which 626 were women.
  55. ^ "Suicide rates (per 100,000), by gender, Jordan, 1965-2008" (PDF). World Health Organization. 

[1]Pautan luar[sunting | sunting sumber]

  • ^ "Suicide rates: An overview". www.statcan.gc.ca (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Dicapai 2017-09-25. 
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